Raslan, Hani': Mauqif al-Wilayat al-Muttahida min Masakus wa-"qanun salam as-Sudan". = The US position on Machakos. - S. 226-233. Hasan, Nura 'Abd-al-Qadir: Al-Gaula at-taniya min ittifaq Masakus. = The second round in Machakos. - S. 234-239. Safi'i, Badr Hasan: Daur Ugunda wa-Kiniya fi azmat as-Sudan. = The role of Uganda and Kenya in the Sudanese crisis. - S. 240-243. Abu-'l-Fadl, Muhammad: Al-Hilafat baina Iryitriya wa-'s-Sudan fi mizan al-'alaqat al-iqlimiya. = The conflict between Eritrea and Sudan. The impact on the regional balance of power. - S. 244-246
The aim of this study is trying to interpret the crisis of legitimacy which faced the political system in Libya after the events of 2011, including the multiple legislative and executive bodies, based on specified theoretical perception is Crisis Theory for Jürgen Habermas, which he is trying to linking between the political system has legitimacy and its ability to overcome the different crises and challenges that faced, is a reliable perception in the case of Libya, in particular, every political party in the Libyan scene is consider himself the legal and legitimate representatives of the Libyan community, in light of political division and multiple parliamentary bodies and executive Governments in the country,the researcher adopted in this trying to analytical reading emphasize on specific points in many official and non-official studies and reports on the Libyan situation, study found that all successive political parties that topped the Libyan political scene form 2011, had failed to counter the various challenges whether security or constitutional, and were unable to manage the different crisis suffered by the Libyan citizen, specially economic, living and service, this place it in a real crisis of legitimacy at the level of society as a whole, in light of decrease what they have done in the past and what they can do in the future under the current situation, which contributed in create a case of distrust among the citizens in their programs and plans and lost motivation to participate in the various activities that they supervise on the one hand, and in increasing cases of disrespect for laws and decisions that represent their authority on the other hand,this leads us to say that the political system in Libya after the events of 2011, is faces a national crisis of legitimacy, accompanied by crises in motivation and non-normality, according to Habermas societal crisis theory, this is reflected in our reading of studies and reports that have been exposed to the Libyan crisis.
Iraq is facing daunting challenges of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) insurgency, political upheaval, and profound economic and humanitarian crises. Compounding the ISIS-related crisis, the sharp decline in global oil prices has resulted in significant decline in oil export revenues. Implementation of political reforms, announced in August 2015, has been slow due to constitutional constraints and systemic resistance to changes. Iraq's economic prospects are subject to significant risks. Iraq has recently achieved some important steps towards strengthening its investment climate, but much remains to be done. An attractive investment climate is integral to economic growth and poverty reduction. A key task of the government is to balance the interests of society and individual firms. A stronger investment climate does not equate with a more comfortable life for individual firms. The government must manage these trade-offs: global analysis of the World Bank's investment climate surveys shows that firms facing strong competition are on average fifty percent more likely to innovate than firms reporting no such pressure. Innovation, in turn, is a key ingredient for productivity improvement. The special focus section explores the different aspects of the investment climate in order to better understand their importance. With this background, the authors then look at Iraq's investment climate and recent efforts to strengthen it. Finally, the authors look at priorities for improving Iraq's investment climate going forward.
This collection of essays explores the idea of the efficacy, limitations and future of Cultural Studies as a theoretical and methodological approach to the analysis of recent crisis phenomena in Europe. The volume spans a wide range of topics, including: theoretical and critical approaches to the stability of the EU as a political and economic union of its 28 member states; the (not only) recent flow of refugees into Europe and other countries, and the refugee tragedies off the coast of Lampedusa; the resurgence of far-right, anti-Islam political groups throughout Europe; the negotiation of affect and crisis phenomena in literary texts; and the question of media and refugees. These and other pressing issues are addressed and discussed from a variety of historical, political, pedagogical, gender, media and aesthetic perspectives, as encompassed in Cultural Studies and Postcolonial Literatures.
Two reasons are behind the seriousness of Unesco's crisis: first, for the first time one of the superpowers withdrew from the Organization and its remaining outside will put question marks on its universal character. Second, the Unesco's budget will be amputated of its third. The author analyses the role of Ahmad Muhtar Ambu and the attitude of the Arab states towards the Unesco's crisis. (DÜI-Sdt)
'Abd-al-Gawad, Gamal: As-Siyasa al-amrikiya tugaha 'l-'Iraq. = The U.S. policy in Iraq. - S. 84-91. 'Abd-as-Salam, Muhammad: Ta'qidat al-hugum al-'askari al-amriki 'l-muhtamal didda 'l-'Iraq. = The complications of a possible U.S. military attack on Iraq. - S. 92-97. Abu-Talib, Hasan: Al-Muskilat al-'iraqiya wa-'n-nizam al-iqlimi al-'arabi. = The Iraqi problem and the Arab regional system. - S. 98-103. Idris, Muhammad as-Sa'id: Iran wa-'l-Halig wa-'htimalat al-'udwan al-amriki 'ala 'l-'Iraq. (Dt.: Iran und der Golf und die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Angriffs auf Irak.). - S. 104-109. Gad, 'Imad: Isra'il wa-'t-tahrid al-amriki didda 'l-'Iraq. = Israel's incitement of the United States against Iraq. - S. 110-112. Nasrawi, Salah an-: Man yahluf Saddam fi hukm al-'Iraq? (Dt.: Wer folgt Saddam in der Herrschaft?). - S. 114-116