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JARVIS, B., 2011. Cultural studies. IN: Wolfreys, J. (ed.) The English Literature Companion. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 321 - 324 is reproduced with permission of Palgrave Macmillan. This extract is taken from the author's original manuscript and has not been edited. The definitive version of this piece may be found in The English Literature Companion by Julian Wolfreys which can be purchased from www.palgrave.com ; Why do literature students need to know about cultural studies? There are two main reasons. Firstly, cultural studies is partly responsible for the shape of the syllabus in many English departments in the twenty-first century. It was involved in the challenge to the traditional 'canon' of 'Great Works' by DWEMS (Dead White European Males). Cultural studies, therefore, is partly responsible for the fact that somewhere in your department people will be studying (get ready either to cheer or sneer) Harry Potter, or Stephen King, or Candace Bushnell's Sex and the City (1997). Although this might not seem especially contentious nowadays, just a few decades ago the idea that students might study graphic novels (that's the posh term for comics) or Hollywood adaptations of Shakespearean drama would have made most academics apoplectic (that's the posh term for very angry). A second reason why cultural studies is relevant to literature students is that it has been at the forefront of developing a distinctive approach to texts which is interdisciplinary, self-consciously theoretical and politicised. The 'cultural studies approach' has been imported into literary criticism and you are certain to encounter it at some stage in your secondary reading.

A review of John Hartley's A Short History of Cultural Studies (Sage, London, 2003).

Der Autor stellt die Cultural Studies als transdisziplinäre Forschungsrichtung vor, die in den 50er Jahren in Großbritannien begründet wurde. Diese orientieren sich an alltäglichen Lebenswelten, "Kultur" bezeichnet ein Netzwerk von gesellschaftlichen Strukturen, die durch Herrschaftsverhältnisse determiniert sind. Ziel ist es, diese Strukturen transparent und transformierbar zu machen. Hier nähert sich der Ansatz der kritischen Pädagogik, die davon ausgeht, dass die Bildungssysteme die bestehenden Herrschaftsverhältnisse nicht einfach hinnehmen, sondern als veränderbar determinieren müssen. Übertragen auf mediale Texte werden die RezipientInnen als Subjekte wahrgenommen, die die Bedeutung der Texte vor dem Hintergrund ihrer sozialen Bedingungen produzieren. Der Autor beleuchtet Ansätze der Cultural Studies und der kritischen Pädagogik und stellt fest, dass beide Forschungsrichtungen einander implizieren. Im Zeitalter des Neoliberalismus und der interaktiven Medien sei es erforderlich, Jugendliche zu handlungsfähigen Subjekten zu erziehen, damit eine gerechtere und demokratischere Gesellschaft möglich sei. Dies erfordere die Erkenntnis, dass gesellschaftliche Strukturen in Medien sichtbar werden, aber auch veränderbar sind. ; The author introduces cultural studies as a transdisciplinary field of research that was founded in Great Britain in the 1950s. These are oriented towards everyday life worlds; "culture" refers to a network of social structures that are determined by power relations. The aim is to make these structures transparent and transformable. Here, the approach approaches critical pedagogy, which assumes that the educational systems do not simply accept the existing relations of domination, but must determine them as changeable. Applied to media texts, the recipients are perceived as subjects who produce the meaning of the texts against the background of their social conditions. The author examines approaches of cultural studies and critical pedagogy and notes that both research directions imply each other. In the age of neoliberalism and interactive media, he argues, it is necessary to educate young people to become subjects capable of action so that a more just and democratic society is possible. This requires the realisation that social structures become visible in the media, but can also be changed.

The main proposal of the article is to bring into focus humanism as a project which was always present in the Renaissance philology and is still into the main areas of reflection of the Enlightenment and Modernity. The large part of the article consists of a review of the philological tradition since the Renaissance, and it tries to describe an interdisciplinary nature of cultural studies, which always referred to politics and political science, and comparative multilingual approaches, which made them strictly international. Recent development in the area of digital humanities makes cultural studies similar to media studies. Humanism is the only component of the studies which is indispensable because it is not to be replaced by artificial intelligence.

Cultural Studies haben sich nach ihren Anfängen in Birmingham zu einem transnationalen und transdisziplinären Projekt entwickelt. Auch im deutschsprachigen Raum fand eine breite Rezeption statt. Wissenschaftler aus verschiedenen Disziplinen ließen und lassen sich von Cultural Studies inspirieren und bedienen sich aus deren theoretischer und methodologischer »Werkzeugkiste«, um diese Anstöße produktiv umzusetzen. Dieser Band dokumentiert sowohl den Einfluss der Cultural Studies als auch ihre engagierte Fortführung im deutschsprachigen Raum. Dabei wird deutlich, welche Bereicherung sie für die hiesigen Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften darstellen. Zugleich zeigt sich die Anschlussfähigkeit der Cultural Studies in Deutschland und Österreich an die internationale Diskussion.»Die wichtige Bedeutung des vorliegenden Buches liegt darin, dass es Perspektiven für die deutschsprachigen Cultural Studies eröffnet, die sich noch vor wenigen Jahren niemand hat vorstellen können.« (Larry Grossberg, Universität von North-Carolina, Chapel Hill) ; Lawrence Grossberg: Vorwort Udo Göttlich: Zur Epistemologie der Cultural Studies in kulturwissenschaftlicher Absicht: Cultural Studies zwischen kritischer Sozialforschung und Kulturwissenschaft Rainer Winter: Ethnographie, Interpretation und Kritik: Aspekte der Methodologie der Cultural Studies Christina Lutter: Baustellen in Wien: Ein kulturwissenschaftlicher Werkstattbericht Manuela Ribeiro Sanches: Wozu Cultural Studies? Lektüreversuch aus einer »widerspenstigen« Perspektive Roman Horak und Otto Penz: Sport und Cultural Studies: Zur ungleichzeitigen Formierung eines Forschungsfeldes Sibylle Niekisch: Cultural Studies und Ethnologie: Zu einem schwierigen Verhältnis Olaf Sanders: Das Neue im Zusammenspiel bildungs- und club-kultureller Prozesse Richard Gebhardt: Zur Rezeption der Cultural Studies in SPEX - MAGAZIN FÜR POP-KULTUR Günther Sandner: Die Politik des Kulturellen: Cultural Studies in Wien und in Birmingham Birgit Wagner: Denken (und Schreiben) in Netzwerken: Antonio Gramsci, Walter Benjamin und Antonio Machado Andreas Hepp: Medienkultur als »Nationalkultur« im Wandel: Cultural Studies und die Perspektive einer transkulturellen Medienforschung im deutschsprachigen Raum Carsten Winter: Kulturimperialismus und Kulturindustrie ade? Zur Notwendigkeit einer Neuorientierung der Erforschung und Kritik von Medienkultur in den Cultural Studies Lothar Mikos: Cultural Studies, Medienanalyse und Rezeptionsästhetik

examine key questions that arise from a cross-cultural approach to the study of depression / begins with consideration of cultural variation in dysphoric affect and the import of such variation for universalist definitions of depressive disorder / examine cross-cultural evidence on somatic components of depression and explore the concept of somatization in relation to depression and the communication of distress / review the evidence of cross-cultural variation in depressive symptomatology this anthropological perspective is presented through examination of a series of theoretical, substantive, and methodological issues / review the social and cultural contexts within which depression originates, examining the role of gender, social class, family relations, migration, political violence, and social change cross-cultural aspects of depression / the cultural construction of emotion / the ethnopsychology of emotion / culture and depressive affect / somatization and depression / gender and depression / socioeconomic status and depression / depression among refugees and immigrants / depression and family factors / depression and social change / methodological problems in cross-cultural research on depression (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

examine key questions that arise from a cross-cultural approach to the study of depression / begins with consideration of cultural variation in dysphoric affect and the import of such variation for universalist definitions of depressive disorder / examine cross-cultural evidence on somatic components of depression and explore the concept of somatization in relation to depression and the communication of distress / review the evidence of cross-cultural variation in depressive symptomatology this anthropological perspective is presented through examination of a series of theoretical, substantive, and methodological issues / review the social and cultural contexts within which depression originates, examining the role of gender, social class, family relations, migration, political violence, and social change cross-cultural aspects of depression / the cultural construction of emotion / the ethnopsychology of emotion / culture and depressive affect / somatization and depression / gender and depression / socioeconomic status and depression / depression among refugees and immigrants / depression and family factors / depression and social change / methodological problems in cross-cultural research on depression (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Les propos qui suivent présentent succinctement quelques éléments d'analyse de l'histoire de la spécialité des American Studies aux Etats-Unis. "Spécialité" : sans doute trouvera-t-on ce mot inapproprié, tant les études américaines se sont caractérisées par la cohabitation d'une multitude de pratiques et d'approches théoriques. Cependant, dans le contexte académique américain, les American Studies se sont bien constituées comme discipline, avec des départements et des programmes universitaires, des revues, des congrès, un marché du travail académique. On peut en dégager deux grandes séquences, liées aux contextes politiques. La première séquence est celle de l'"école des mythes et des symboles", des années 1930 au milieu des années 1960 ; la seconde est celle de l'éclatement radical du champ disciplinaire, et de son arrimage progressif aux cultural studies, des années 1970 à aujourd'hui. [Premier paragraphe de l'article]

Les propos qui suivent présentent succinctement quelques éléments d'analyse de l'histoire de la spécialité des American Studies aux Etats-Unis. "Spécialité" : sans doute trouvera-t-on ce mot inapproprié, tant les études américaines se sont caractérisées par la cohabitation d'une multitude de pratiques et d'approches théoriques. Cependant, dans le contexte académique américain, les American Studies se sont bien constituées comme discipline, avec des départements et des programmes universitaires, des revues, des congrès, un marché du travail académique. On peut en dégager deux grandes séquences, liées aux contextes politiques. La première séquence est celle de l'"école des mythes et des symboles", des années 1930 au milieu des années 1960 ; la seconde est celle de l'éclatement radical du champ disciplinaire, et de son arrimage progressif aux cultural studies, des années 1970 à aujourd'hui. [Premier paragraphe de l'article]

In marketing, Eurasia is currently still an area of terra incognita between the CEE and the Asia-pacific region. This paper deals from a linguistic cultural studies viewpoint with the question of how far Eurasia can be a relevant region for MNE marketing. To this end, the enrichment of the conception of Eurasia in Russia will be researched in its philosophical, political and economic dimensions using the original geographic dimension as a baseline. The individual conceptual components will be scrutinized in detail for their potential significance for regional marketing in post-soviet economic discourse, whereby neo-Eurasianism in contemporary Russian thinking deserves particular significance. (author's abstract)

A review of Gary Hall and Clare Birchell (eds), New Cultural Studies: Adventures in Theory (Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2007).

Starting with the observation that contemporary media coverage of sports events and athletes is clearly influenced by critical scholarship on the body in the humanities, this editorial outlines the different ways sporting bodies over the last decades have moved into the focus of scholarly attention in Sports History and in Cultural Studies. The authors argue that although trendsetting developments in Cultural Studies were adopted by historians only reluctantly and belatedly, the history of 'bodies in motion' has now flourished into a significant subfield of Sports History in general. In order to facilitate the ongoing dialogue between different academic traditions the editorial suggest three areas for further research from which Sports History might benefit in future: the integration of Queer Theories, an increased attention to cultural and technological borders of human bodies, and matters of doping. Finally the authors introduce the essays of this issue of Body Politics and underline their contributions to a history of 'bodies in motion.'

Argumenta-se, neste texto, que a vitalidade dos Estudos Culturais está na abertura e receptividade para promover enlaces conceituais e teóricos variados. De modo a adensar a discussão sobre o frutífero encontro entre Estudos Culturais e Educação, no presente artigo promove-se um rastreamento de pesquisas sobre natureza e, também, daquelas dedicadas às temáticas indígenas e afro-brasileiras de modo a indicar enlaces teóricos, caminhos investigativos e pontos de atenção promovidos por pesquisadores identificados com este campo articulatório. Observa-se que, como parte de um projeto ético-político mais amplo, estes estudos questionam essencialismos, fundamentalismos, eurocentrismos, racismos e acenam para possíveis formas de resistência político-acadêmica. ; In this text it is argued that the vitality of Cultural Studies is in its openness and receptivity to promote varied conceptual and theoretical articulations. In order to deepen the analysis on the productive encounter between Cultural Studies and education, this article makes a survey of researchs on nature and, also, of those themes dedicated to indigenous and afro-Brazilians. It is done in order to indicate theoretical articulations, investigative paths and points of attention promoted by researchers identified with this articulatory field. As part of a broader ethical-political project, it is observed that these studies question essentialisms, fundamentalisms, eurocentrisms, racisms, and point to possible forms of political-academic resistance.

This essay on cultural studies and the African Diaspora argues for a rethinking of cultural studies in two critical ways: firstly, that cultural studies, from its founding institutional and conceptual moment, cannot but be thought diasporically; and, secondly, that cultural studies be thought 'out of', or, against, context—that is, cultural studies is most revealing in its political and literary articulation when it is not read, as many of its advocates claim, contextually. This essay offers a broad critique of cultural studies and the (African) diaspora but derives its most cogent and creative argument from its ability to read together the work of two diasporic authors, deracinated South African and Australian writers, J. M. Coetzee and David Malouf.

The concept of cultural hegemony is much broader than that of ideology, because it refers to the construction process of the collective experience, of the modelling of meanings, from the development of values, the creation of world conceptions and of the moral, cultural and intellectual direction of society through education. In this paper, the evolution of this concept is analysed from its origins to its configuration as a method of study in Cultural Studies by Antonio Gramsci and later, to its articulation through a system of representations, a discourse framed by political forces via an entire system of thought in Critical Pedagogy. According to Lorenzo Milani, this ´Pedagogy against Empire´ searches for an approach to learning for social justice, emphasises the collective dimension of learning and action, and reflects the struggle for school and social reform. This education will combine instruction or a purely technical approach with a humanistic education, brooking no differentiation or social division between manual and intellectual work where the union between theory and action is perceived as key to understanding reality and, at the same time, to transform it. ; peer-reviewed