Suchergebnisse

1. Introduction : reasons for writing this book, a decision theory approach. 1.1. Introduction. 1.2. Why the structure of this book - a decision theory approach -- 2. Nonlinear models for the labour market. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Nonlinear models and examples for the labour market. 2.3. Conclusion -- 3. Second order effects in population migration. 3.1. Nonlinear migration behaviour. 3.2. Cases of reverse migration. 3.3. A (not so) simple model. 3.4. Results. 3.5. Conclusion -- 4. Cities : reactors for economic transactions. 4.1. Transaction environment. 4.2. Diffusion equation. 4.3. The reflector (Albedo). 4.4. Decrease in income. 4.5. Dynamic evolution equation. 4.6. Conclusion -- 5. Considerations on the reform in the power sector (avoiding chaos in the path to an optimal market structure). 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. From power sector to power market. 5.3. Non-linear effects in market penetration. 5.4. Conclusion -- 6. A model of non-linear dynamics in the implementation of decisions for the evolution of energy technologies. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Description of the model. 6.3. Criteria for energy development strategies. 6.4. An energy planner's perception of risks and benefits. 6.5. Numerical examples. 6.6. Energy policy and technological profile. 6.7. Perception of alternatives and strategic conduct -- 7. Non-linear effects in knowledge production. 7.1. Implementation of new technologies. 7.2. Essentials of chaotic behaviour. 7.3. Complex cyclical patterns. 7.4. The industrial production and the production of technologies. 7.5. Measuring technological information and entropy. 7.6. Conclusion -- 8. Institutional structures as Benard-Taylor processes. 8.1. Epistemic sense and ontological sense. 8.2. Social reality and collective behaviour. 8.3. Dynamics of memes. 8.4. Conclusion -- 9. Oscillatory processes in economic systems. 9.1. Cycles in dynamics of economic systems. 9.2. Optimality conditions and associated equations. 9.3. Production potential and quantization. 9.4. Oscillatory behaviour - some numerical results. 9.5. Conclusion -- 10. Final thoughts on a different way of looking at economic processes.

1 An Overview: The Bureaucracy and the Plan -- The Foreign Trade Bureaucracies -- Foreign Trade Planning -- 2 The Party and the Government -- The Communist Party -- The National Government -- Motivations of the Political Leadership -- 3 The Central Planning Agencies -- The State Planning Committee (Gosplan) -- The State Committee for Material and Technical Supply (Gossnab) -- The State Committee for Science and Technology -- The Ministry of Finance and the State Bank -- The State Price Committee -- 4 The Foreign Trade and Industrial Ministries -- The Ministry of Foreign Trade -- The Industrial Ministries -- 5 Cost-Benefit Analysis for Foreign Trade -- Foreign Trade Efficiency Indices: A Brief History -- Efficiency Indices for Simple Commodity Trade -- Inadequacies of Domestic Prices -- Replacement of Prices with Full-Cost Indices -- Advantages of Wholesale Prices over Full-Cost Indices -- Special Problems of Import Valuation -- Efficiency Indices for Specialization Agreements -- Efficiency Indices for Credit Deliveries -- Efficiency Indices for Compensation Agreements -- Efficiency Indices for Trade in Licenses -- Practical Application of Efficiency Indices -- 6 Foreign Trade Optimization Models -- The Trzeciakowski Model -- Shagalov's Basic Model -- Dynamic Models -- Interregional Models -- Models of Socialist Economic Integration -- Branch Models -- 7 Empirical Analyses of Soviet Foreign Trade Decision Making -- The Commodity Structure of Soviet Foreign Trade -- The Traditional View -- Fundamental Comparative Advantage -- Cross-Sectional Commodity Studies -- 8 Summary and Conclusions -- Notes -- References.

FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Preface -- Contents -- Tables, Figures, and Boxes -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Evolving Concepts of Disability -- 3 Individuals with Disabilities -- 4 SSA's Disability Programs -- 5 The Listing of Impairments-Overview -- 6 The Listing of Impairments-Issues -- 7 Findings and Recommendations -- APPENDIXES -- A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- B Committee Charge -- C Interim Report, December 2005 -- D Appendix Tables.