A member of the Council on Radio Journalism since its origin and its chairman for two years, Professor Charnley—of the University of Minnesota School of Journalism—presents here some of the findings from a study designed to give quantitative values to a definition of the radio newsroom.
In: Nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly: journal of the Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 269-277
A survey of volunteer firefighters in five states shows that volunteer firefighters, while predominantly white males, come from a wide variety of occupational backgrounds. Most say that this is their major volunteer role and that they are firmly committed to it. The author relates characteristics of fire departments to volunteers and draws implications for the further elaboration of this voluntary role.
PurposeAfghanistan is one of the world's most dangerous places for journalists. There are, however, no data on the mental health of Afghan journalists covering conflict in their country. The study aims to determine the degree to which Afghan journalists are exposed to traumatic events, their perceptions of organizational support, their rates of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, their utilization of mental health services and the effectiveness of the treatment received.Design/methodology/approachThe entire study was undertaken in Dari (Farsi). Five major Afghan news organizations representing 104 journalists took part of whom 71 (68%) completed a simple eleven-point analog scale rating perceptions of organizational support. Symptoms of PTSD and depression were recorded with the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Behavioral comparisons were undertaken between those journalists who had and had not received mental health therapy.FindingsThe majority of journalists exceeded cutoff scores for PTSD and major depression and reported high rates for exposure to traumatic events. There were no significant differences in IES-R and CES-D scores between journalists who had and had not received mental health therapy. Most journalists did not view their employers as supportive.Originality/valueTo the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study to collect empirical data on the mental health of Afghan journalists. The results highlight the extreme stressors confronted by them, their correspondingly high levels of psychopathology and the relative ineffectiveness of mental health therapy given to a minority of those in distress. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Objective: To characterize patients undergoing cardiac surgery at a referral hospital in northern of Ceara. Method: This is a quantitative and descriptive study using documentary analysis carried out by 176 medical records in accordance with the ethical aspects of Resolution 196/96. Results: We identified predominantly men, married, living in distant cities of the health service and a greater tendency for people over 40 years old. The hospital stay was low, contributing to reduction of risks related to hospitalization, also reducing the cost of these services, for influencing turnover and availability of beds. Discussion: This study shows high turnover and effectiveness of the service, allowing also envision that the primary surgery is coronary artery bypass surgery in men with the duration of hospitalization in about four days. Conclusion: We found that despite the risks of a cardiovascular surgery in the studied hospital, the patients recover with a great success