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Purpose: To investigate concussion education implementation methods in NCAA member institutions. Methods: Of the 1,078 athletic trainers across all NCAA Divisions that were contacted, 355 were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete the Current Concussion Education Practices Questionnaire (CCEPQ). The CCEPQ consisted of four sections: demographics, concussion education questionnaire, perceived effectiveness of concussion education, and limitations/barrier to providing concussion education. Outcome frequencies were used to report survey results. Respondent division-level categorical differences across survey items were assessed with a 2X3 chi-square test of independence. Results: Providing concussion education occurs in 98.9% of NCAA member institutions. Educating student athletes on concussion annually occurs in 85.1% of NCAA member institutions. Among those institutions who provide concussion education, 5.1% report only providing concussion education to contact/collision sports. Utilization of the NCAA concussion facts sheet, and NCAA concussion education video occurs in 50.1% of NCAA member institutions. Only 70.7% of NCAA member institutions report providing information on the long-term consequences. Educating one team (65.4%) or multiple teams (46.8%) at a time regarding concussion had the greatest outcome frequencies when asked about the environment concussion education is provided. Conclusions: The majority of NCAA member institutions are providing concussion education to student-athletes. However, adherence to the NCAA Concussion Education Policy and Legislation appears to still be a concerning issue. Substantial heterogeneity with content and delivery method of concussion education among member institutions was not unexpected, due to the limited requirements and guidelines set by the NCAA Concussion Education Policy. NCAA member institutions whom provide concussion education appear to use material created by the NCAA. Future research should evaluate the current concussion education practices reviled in the present study for effectiveness. After evaluation of current concussion education practices, the creation of improved concussion education policies can commence.

It is the agricultural sector that feeds country's trade. Agricultural products like tea, sugar, rice, tobacco, spices etc. constitute the main items of exports of India. If the development process of agriculture is smooth, export increases and imports are reduced considerably. The study clearly shows that export of fresh vegetables and fresh fruits are seeing an upfront growth. Still the exports can be increased if the governments supports by providing more incentives to the exporters. The study has thrown a light on agriculture industry and has induced the researcher to take up business associated with agri exports. We could also note that Government is supporting the agri industry and the role of APEDA in promoting exports is very vast.

The study aimed to investigate the situation of nurse prescribing, introduced in Poland in 2016, by analyzing the opinions of nurses, expected to be influential on nurses&rsquo ; actual practices, in response to legislative change to enable nurses to prescribe and comparing this with actual nurse prescribing behaviours during the early years of the legislation. The paper fills a knowledge gap and provides baseline data analysis for subsequent research. Nurses&rsquo ; opinions were collected during the period they were preparing themselves for prescribing. That data was compared with data on the character and extent of nurses&rsquo ; actual prescribing practices over the first two years of implementation. The study showed the number of nurse prescriptions increased. Comparing the first and second years of nurse prescribing, the number of nurse independent prescriptions more than doubled. Over the same period, the number of nurse supplementary prescriptions increased almost six-fold. The implementation of nurse prescribing has increased the scope of nursing care, especially in the treatment of the infections, pain and chronic conditions in the elderly.

The global pandemic of Coronavirus (COVID-19), also termed as health emergency affecting nearly 210 countries and territories has led to negative emotions of fear and agony in the general population. The healthcare regulators and the governments have imposed emergencies and lockdowns in their countries which has led to an adverse effect on the mental health of general public ultimately leading to a rise in anxiety, depression, and associated mental illness. The fear and rising COVID-19 crisis is putting extreme limitations on our finite resources. This report aims to improve status of mental health altered as a result of pandemic, emphasizing to help the general public, mitigate the negative emotions to improve the general wellbeing in this detached period of isolation. With no standard treatment or vaccine yet, the goal is primarily symptomatic relief for those affected and preventive for those at risk. Most countries have curtailed the spread of COVID-19 through measures such as lockdowns, social distancing and voluntary self-isolation. Although necessary, such measures and the disease itself may have an adverse impact on mental health. In view of research from previous pandemic crisis, it is known that such situations are likely to increase stress levels and have negative psychiatric effects. The impact is likely to be felt by the general public, sufferers of COVID-19, their families and friends, persons with pre-existing mental health conditions and healthcare workers. COVID pandemic related psychological distress in the general public, including symptoms of anxiety and depression, is associated with alterations in immune function, including an elevated risk of viral respiratory tract infection.

Abstrak Bahasa Inggris telah menjadi bahasa internasional. Ini dibuktikan bahwa 129 dari 192 negara di seluruh dunia menggunakan bahasa Inggris sebagai alat komunikasi. Pemerintah Indonesia memilih bahasa Inggris sebagai mata pelajaran yang harus diajarkan di setiap tingkat pendidikan di Indonesia. Salah satu elemen bahasa adalah kosa kata. Kosa kata memainkan peranan penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Kosakata menghubungkan empat ketrampilan bahasa yaitu mendengarkan, berbicara, membaca, dan menulis. Pengajaran kosakata harus mudah dan menyenangkan bagi para siswa. Maka dari itu, guru bahasa Inggris harus mempunyai teknik bagus yang tepat dan efektif dalam proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menguraikan penerapan Chain Drawing Game dalam proses belajar mengajar. (2) Mengetahui tanggapan siswa tentang permainan ini. (3) Mengetahui apakah permainan ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kosakata para siswa kelas lima SD Negeri I Sukoharjo, Bandung tahun pelajaran 2011/2012. Metode pengumpulan data adalah kuisioner, dokumen, dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para siswa nyaman dan senang dalam proses belajar mengajar. Berdasarkan wawancara guru dan dokumen nilai kelas, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Chain Drawing Game dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kosakata para siswa. Oleh karena itu, ini dapat dikatakan bahwa Chain Drawing Game merupakan salah satu tehnik yang efektif dalam mengajar kosakata bahasa Inggris untuk siswa sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: Pengajaran Kosakata, Efektif, Chain Drawing Game Abstract English has become an international language. It is proved that 129 out of 192 countries in all over the world use English as the means of communication. Indonesian government chooses English as a subject that should be taught in every level of education in Indonesia. One of the elements of languages is vocabulary. It plays an important role in learning English. Vocabulary links the four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Teaching vocabulary must be ...

There is little known about what spirituality means for youth with disability or about the potential relevance of youths' spirituality in pediatric rehabilitation. This study explored perceptions of spirituality for youth with disabilities. Using a qualitative descriptive methodology, we examined the lived experiences of eighteen youth ages 11-20 years with disabilities including cerebral palsy, central nervous system disorder or autism spectrum disorder. In individual interviews, followed by a focus group, youth identified key spiritual themes – the importance of their beliefs, personal sources of comfort and strength, finding purpose in helping others, significance of personal connections, and strengths-based perspectives on disability. This study makes a unique contribution by informing health care professionals about the relevance of youths' spirituality in service delivery.

The study aimed to investigate the situation of nurse prescribing, introduced in Poland in 2016, by analyzing the opinions of nurses, expected to be influential on nurses' actual practices, in response to legislative change to enable nurses to prescribe and comparing this with actual nurse prescribing behaviours during the early years of the legislation. The paper fills a knowledge gap and provides baseline data analysis for subsequent research. Nurses' opinions were collected during the period they were preparing themselves for prescribing. That data was compared with data on the character and extent of nurses' actual prescribing practices over the first two years of implementation. The study showed the number of nurse prescriptions increased. Comparing the first and second years of nurse prescribing, the number of nurse independent prescriptions more than doubled. Over the same period, the number of nurse supplementary prescriptions increased almost six-fold. The implementation of nurse prescribing has increased the scope of nursing care, especially in the treatment of the infections, pain and chronic conditions in the elderly.

Introduction: Mobile medical and surgical camps are one of the means of providing medical and surgical facilities to people living in rural areas of developing country like Nepal. Methods: An observational cross-sectional descriptive retrospective study was done collecting data from surgical camps done by Nepali Army in six years from February 2013 to February 2019 AD. Total number of surgical cases requiring anaesthesia along with type of anaesthesia, American Society of Anaesthesiologist physical status classification and anaesthesia related complications were collected. Results: In a six year period, total 12 mobile surgical camps were conducted by Nepali Army. Out of which, two were done in collaboration with Ministry of Health, Government of Nepal. Total 703 surgical cases were conducted. Out of which, 583 were general surgical cases and 120 were gynaecological cases. 262 cases were done in local anaesthesia, 242 cases were done in spinal anaesthesia, 108 cases were done in total intravenous anaesthesia and 91 cases were done in general anaesthesia. Hypotension, nausea, vomiting, shivering, failed spinal and difficult airway were the complications noticed during intra-operative and postoperative period. Conclusions: Surgical outreach camps are beneficial in providing surgical care to unaffordable people living in rural and remote areas where health care facilities are limited and inaccessible. Safety of patient is the key concern in such camps. Proper organised plan is required selecting target group of populations with target surgeries per day for successful conduction of safe surgeries in such camps. Key words: anaesthesia; camps; mobile; surgical