Scientific research has shown that the procreational intentions and the actual number of children born may not coincide (Lutz 2020; Stankūnienė et al 2013; Testa 2013). Although the most common ideal number of children in European Union is two, not a single country has the total fertility rate of two (Beaujoun ir Sobotka 2014). The aim of current research is, first, to ascertain what procreational desires people have and, second, to shed some light on possible factors that influence the realization of those procreational desires. Three focus group discussions were conducted with parents 26 – 44 years of age (ten participants in total). It was found out that the procreational desires are not static and early determined: they change depending on the circumstances of the family creation, self-realisation in one's occupation and the reconciliation of the procreational desires of the partners. In accordance to other studies on the topic of procreational desires and their fulfillment, the results of this study demonstrate that the common obstacles that arise while trying to realize one's procreational desires are of social, financial and medical nature. Also, the results show that state support for families may have an impact on the number of children a family has if the family has been enduring some financial difficulties.
Scientific research has shown that the procreational intentions and the actual number of children born may not coincide (Lutz 2020; Stankūnienė et al 2013; Testa 2013). Although the most common ideal number of children in European Union is two, not a single country has the total fertility rate of two (Beaujoun ir Sobotka 2014). The aim of current research is, first, to ascertain what procreational desires people have and, second, to shed some light on possible factors that influence the realization of those procreational desires. Three focus group discussions were conducted with parents 26 – 44 years of age (ten participants in total). It was found out that the procreational desires are not static and early determined: they change depending on the circumstances of the family creation, self-realisation in one's occupation and the reconciliation of the procreational desires of the partners. In accordance to other studies on the topic of procreational desires and their fulfillment, the results of this study demonstrate that the common obstacles that arise while trying to realize one's procreational desires are of social, financial and medical nature. Also, the results show that state support for families may have an impact on the number of children a family has if the family has been enduring some financial difficulties.
This thesis explores and connects two main elements: the utopian studies and the studies of social and political critique. The big quantity and variety and history of utopian texts raises a simple question: why someone writes utopian texts, why one wishes for a better and different life? And how do these factors operate in the large picture of humanity. It has been observed that utopian literature flourish in the times of human despair. In the times of unhappiness people try to search for decisions inside the dominant order in which they often feel hopeless to change. The utopians might say: "We do not want reforms, we want new forms!". The main purpose of this thesis is to explore the critical side of utopias. How this critique works and how does it unfolds? What reactions does it create and why? This thesis is also concerned about the ambiguous nature of the concept utopia and its possible connections with human desire. If we agree with Deleuze and Guattari concept of desire as production, we can view utopia totally differently – as a immanent process of becoming, as a direction, not a destination.
This thesis explores and connects two main elements: the utopian studies and the studies of social and political critique. The big quantity and variety and history of utopian texts raises a simple question: why someone writes utopian texts, why one wishes for a better and different life? And how do these factors operate in the large picture of humanity. It has been observed that utopian literature flourish in the times of human despair. In the times of unhappiness people try to search for decisions inside the dominant order in which they often feel hopeless to change. The utopians might say: "We do not want reforms, we want new forms!". The main purpose of this thesis is to explore the critical side of utopias. How this critique works and how does it unfolds? What reactions does it create and why? This thesis is also concerned about the ambiguous nature of the concept utopia and its possible connections with human desire. If we agree with Deleuze and Guattari concept of desire as production, we can view utopia totally differently – as a immanent process of becoming, as a direction, not a destination.
This thesis explores and connects two main elements: the utopian studies and the studies of social and political critique. The big quantity and variety and history of utopian texts raises a simple question: why someone writes utopian texts, why one wishes for a better and different life? And how do these factors operate in the large picture of humanity. It has been observed that utopian literature flourish in the times of human despair. In the times of unhappiness people try to search for decisions inside the dominant order in which they often feel hopeless to change. The utopians might say: "We do not want reforms, we want new forms!". The main purpose of this thesis is to explore the critical side of utopias. How this critique works and how does it unfolds? What reactions does it create and why? This thesis is also concerned about the ambiguous nature of the concept utopia and its possible connections with human desire. If we agree with Deleuze and Guattari concept of desire as production, we can view utopia totally differently – as a immanent process of becoming, as a direction, not a destination.
With rising demand for international education in Europe, today more higher education systems have become active in attracting international students. Hence, players in the global higher education market are highlighting their advantages in the higher education marketplace to become more competitive. As Lithuania has an ambitious desire to double the number of international students by 2025, this exploratory study analyses the important factors that will help to better target international students and put emphasis on the challenges to be refined in national education policies.
With rising demand for international education in Europe, today more higher education systems have become active in attracting international students. Hence, players in the global higher education market are highlighting their advantages in the higher education marketplace to become more competitive. As Lithuania has an ambitious desire to double the number of international students by 2025, this exploratory study analyses the important factors that will help to better target international students and put emphasis on the challenges to be refined in national education policies.
In this master thesis, regarding the recently in the Lithuania observed lack of citizens interest in politics and trust in the elected representatives, the hypothesis is held, that the Lithuanians voters decide to go to the pools on the basis of expressive motivations (the expressive motivations to go to vote in this theses are defined as the motivations, when citizen decide to go to the pools first of all because the very act of the voting has a value to him, not because he expect the concrete benefit from the election results, when the winning party or candidate will implement their policy). To examine this is the objective of this thesis. First of all the existing theories on the citizens' turnout motivations are reviewed, analyzed and classified, then the feasible model of the citizens motivation to vote are constructed on the basis of the extended rational choice theory. The main distinction is made between the instrumental and expressive voters turnout motivations. Thought in this thesis it is not aimed to evaluate the expressive motivations normatively, the possible sequences of the voting, when the turnout is conditioned by this kind of reasons, is objectively discussed. The conclusion is made that the broader outcomes of the expressive motivations highly depends on the specific kind of motivation from this group, but generally, one could state, that expressive motivations (certain kinds of them) can damage democratic quality, but definitely helps to sustain this kind of political regime. For the further analysis along the constructed turnout motivations model, the block of the survey questions was designed. The representative population survey was held in the end of March – beginning of the April of 2008 and the data provided by it is used in the succeeding research. Eight possible turnout motivations are defined: two instrumental (going to vote first of all because of the intension to elect the representatives of the voters interest, and the intension through the results of the election to resolve the topical issue voter cares about) ant six expressive motivations (going to vote because of the sense of civic duty, loyalty to the preferred political party or candidate, desire just to express one's will in the state ruling processes, solidarity to other members of one's social environment, pleasure to socialize with other community members during the voting process and going to the pools just for entertaining). In order to separate these two highly related motivation groups, the cleavage is incorporated and the concrete conditions which have to be fulfilled during the survey data's analysis in order to claim the prime existence of one or another motivation are defined. As expected, the existence of the expressive turnout motivations among Lithuanian voters is confirmed. Among them the most common, most popular motivations are going to the pools because of the desire to express the loyalty and support for the preferred political party or candidate (even if it is not expected that they can win), to express one's will in the state governing process, and going to the pools just because of the sense of duty. The more popular instrumental motivation, as it is found, is going to vote because of the desire to elect ones representative, but the most often both of the instrumental motivations are reported. Making the comparison, with some precaution one could say that the expressive motivations of turnout are even more often than the instrumental among Lithuanian voters.
In this master thesis, regarding the recently in the Lithuania observed lack of citizens interest in politics and trust in the elected representatives, the hypothesis is held, that the Lithuanians voters decide to go to the pools on the basis of expressive motivations (the expressive motivations to go to vote in this theses are defined as the motivations, when citizen decide to go to the pools first of all because the very act of the voting has a value to him, not because he expect the concrete benefit from the election results, when the winning party or candidate will implement their policy). To examine this is the objective of this thesis. First of all the existing theories on the citizens' turnout motivations are reviewed, analyzed and classified, then the feasible model of the citizens motivation to vote are constructed on the basis of the extended rational choice theory. The main distinction is made between the instrumental and expressive voters turnout motivations. Thought in this thesis it is not aimed to evaluate the expressive motivations normatively, the possible sequences of the voting, when the turnout is conditioned by this kind of reasons, is objectively discussed. The conclusion is made that the broader outcomes of the expressive motivations highly depends on the specific kind of motivation from this group, but generally, one could state, that expressive motivations (certain kinds of them) can damage democratic quality, but definitely helps to sustain this kind of political regime. For the further analysis along the constructed turnout motivations model, the block of the survey questions was designed. The representative population survey was held in the end of March – beginning of the April of 2008 and the data provided by it is used in the succeeding research. Eight possible turnout motivations are defined: two instrumental (going to vote first of all because of the intension to elect the representatives of the voters interest, and the intension through the results of the election to resolve the topical issue voter cares about) ant six expressive motivations (going to vote because of the sense of civic duty, loyalty to the preferred political party or candidate, desire just to express one's will in the state ruling processes, solidarity to other members of one's social environment, pleasure to socialize with other community members during the voting process and going to the pools just for entertaining). In order to separate these two highly related motivation groups, the cleavage is incorporated and the concrete conditions which have to be fulfilled during the survey data's analysis in order to claim the prime existence of one or another motivation are defined. As expected, the existence of the expressive turnout motivations among Lithuanian voters is confirmed. Among them the most common, most popular motivations are going to the pools because of the desire to express the loyalty and support for the preferred political party or candidate (even if it is not expected that they can win), to express one's will in the state governing process, and going to the pools just because of the sense of duty. The more popular instrumental motivation, as it is found, is going to vote because of the desire to elect ones representative, but the most often both of the instrumental motivations are reported. Making the comparison, with some precaution one could say that the expressive motivations of turnout are even more often than the instrumental among Lithuanian voters.
Research object – creativity education in physical education lessons. Hypotheses: 1. Students and teachers opinion about to creativity education about physical education lessons is different. 2. Girls and boys attitudes towards the education of creativity in physical education lessons are different. Research target – find out teachers and students attitudes towards the education of creativity in physical education lessons. Research objectives: 1. Analyze scientific literature and discuss the concept of creativity, factors influencing and inhibit creativity and creativity in education physical education classes. 2. To determine student"s approach to creativity education during physical education lessons. 3. Compare girls and boys attitude about creativity education. 7 4. Compare the IX – X and XI – XII classes" students approach to creativity education during physical education lessons. 5. Set the physical education teacher's approach to creativity education during physical education lessons. 6. Comparison of physical culture teachers' and students' attitudes towards the education of creativity in physical education lessons. Conclusions: 1. Consensus in the scientific literature on the concept of creativity is not, but in my opinion, this is a person's ability to solve tasks and issues an original, flexible and efficient. Creativity leads to inheritance, environmental influences, and both factors together. Creativity inhibits criticism, evaluation and personal growth unfavorable political system. Only a creative teacher can develop creative personalities. Therefore, modern physical education lesson the teacher must ensure creativity, critical thinking, the ability to work in a group. 2. 74, 9% of the students ' point of view (p. < 0, 05), creativity is innate and partly a desire to grow as students. Many students refer desire to improve for a creative personality, which is manifested through the originality. Teachers more favorably assesses the student's ability to adapt to one another and create a task for ...
The issues of Lithuanian statehood and Vilnius national dependence in Vilnius County Armija Krajova documents have been researched in this master thesis. The aim of the thesis was to reveal the views of Armija Krajova' management on the Lithuanian statehood and the desire to preserve Vilnius as a part of Lithuania. In order to achieve this goal the following tasks have been foreseen: to illuminate Lithuanian and Polish intergovernmental relations since March 1938 until September 1939; to research the knowledge of Polish underground about the occupied Lithuania and to determine the Armija Krajova' management's approach to the Lithuanian nation and its deputies' action in occupation time; to analyze Armija Krajova' management's policy in respect of Lithuanian statehood and territory, and analizing the studied documents to estimate the foreseen former political fate of Vilnius region after World War II.
The issues of Lithuanian statehood and Vilnius national dependence in Vilnius County Armija Krajova documents have been researched in this master thesis. The aim of the thesis was to reveal the views of Armija Krajova' management on the Lithuanian statehood and the desire to preserve Vilnius as a part of Lithuania. In order to achieve this goal the following tasks have been foreseen: to illuminate Lithuanian and Polish intergovernmental relations since March 1938 until September 1939; to research the knowledge of Polish underground about the occupied Lithuania and to determine the Armija Krajova' management's approach to the Lithuanian nation and its deputies' action in occupation time; to analyze Armija Krajova' management's policy in respect of Lithuanian statehood and territory, and analizing the studied documents to estimate the foreseen former political fate of Vilnius region after World War II.
Religion, ethics and philosophies of life represent a delicate area where people can be oriented in a particular direction, without the possibility to react in a critic way. Today, people in democratic societies are extremely sensitive as regards the influence of churches, religions, life visions. Many adults, particularly young adults, recognize the conditioning rituals and indoctrinations strategies easily as contradictory to the intentions proclaimed officially. Many questions of personal values and ethics inevitability arise for individuals in the academic community. The Church on campus facilitates the formation of Christian conscience in its members so that they could make decisions based on gospel values and, thereby, resist moral relativism. Campus ministry is an expression of Church's special desire to be present to all who are involved in higher education. The Church on campus is challenged to be a sign of unity and living reminder of the essential interdependence and solidarity of all people.
Religion, ethics and philosophies of life represent a delicate area where people can be oriented in a particular direction, without the possibility to react in a critic way. Today, people in democratic societies are extremely sensitive as regards the influence of churches, religions, life visions. Many adults, particularly young adults, recognize the conditioning rituals and indoctrinations strategies easily as contradictory to the intentions proclaimed officially. Many questions of personal values and ethics inevitability arise for individuals in the academic community. The Church on campus facilitates the formation of Christian conscience in its members so that they could make decisions based on gospel values and, thereby, resist moral relativism. Campus ministry is an expression of Church's special desire to be present to all who are involved in higher education. The Church on campus is challenged to be a sign of unity and living reminder of the essential interdependence and solidarity of all people.
Religion, ethics and philosophies of life represent a delicate area where people can be oriented in a particular direction, without the possibility to react in a critic way. Today, people in democratic societies are extremely sensitive as regards the influence of churches, religions, life visions. Many adults, particularly young adults, recognize the conditioning rituals and indoctrinations strategies easily as contradictory to the intentions proclaimed officially. Many questions of personal values and ethics inevitability arise for individuals in the academic community. The Church on campus facilitates the formation of Christian conscience in its members so that they could make decisions based on gospel values and, thereby, resist moral relativism. Campus ministry is an expression of Church's special desire to be present to all who are involved in higher education. The Church on campus is challenged to be a sign of unity and living reminder of the essential interdependence and solidarity of all people.