The topic of this master thesis: the development of tourism system in Lithuania. Notably, this field is highly relevant due to the recent changes regarding our international politics e.g. the integration into the European Union, NATO and accession to the Schengen air zone. Similarly, the current crisis in the financial markets worlwide is the cause of economic reccesion in Lithuania, what is also one of the factors that might reinforce a stagnation in the field of tourism in our nation
The topic of this master thesis: the development of tourism system in Lithuania. Notably, this field is highly relevant due to the recent changes regarding our international politics e.g. the integration into the European Union, NATO and accession to the Schengen air zone. Similarly, the current crisis in the financial markets worlwide is the cause of economic reccesion in Lithuania, what is also one of the factors that might reinforce a stagnation in the field of tourism in our nation
In order to evaluate involvement of the actors of national and non-governmental level of Lithuania into European decision-making on common agricultural and rural development policies, specifics of European decisions on agriculture, interest group role and typical features of involving Lithuania's actors have been overviewed. Research methods, such as interview with national level agricultural experts and officials, poll of local government politicians and administrative persons, focus group interviews, as well as analysis of legal acts and statistical data, have been used. The research has been conducted in relation with different theoretical approaches (inter-governmental, rational choice, multi-level governance, and new institutionalism).
In order to evaluate involvement of the actors of national and non-governmental level of Lithuania into European decision-making on common agricultural and rural development policies, specifics of European decisions on agriculture, interest group role and typical features of involving Lithuania's actors have been overviewed. Research methods, such as interview with national level agricultural experts and officials, poll of local government politicians and administrative persons, focus group interviews, as well as analysis of legal acts and statistical data, have been used. The research has been conducted in relation with different theoretical approaches (inter-governmental, rational choice, multi-level governance, and new institutionalism).
In order to evaluate involvement of the actors of national and non-governmental level of Lithuania into European decision-making on common agricultural and rural development policies, specifics of European decisions on agriculture, interest group role and typical features of involving Lithuania's actors have been overviewed. Research methods, such as interview with national level agricultural experts and officials, poll of local government politicians and administrative persons, focus group interviews, as well as analysis of legal acts and statistical data, have been used. The research has been conducted in relation with different theoretical approaches (inter-governmental, rational choice, multi-level governance, and new institutionalism).
The author of the article, by way of applying theoretical analysis and using empirical evidence, as well as by analysing international documents ratified by the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, the laws in force, and the resolutions of the Government, argues that a prerequisite for the success in building a well fare state is sustainable development of society. The aspiration of sustainable development is a challenge not only to the interaction of the economic, ecological, and social systems, but also to the interaction of sub-systems within said systems. The deficit of sustainable development in the social system destroys the structure of the society, creates prerequisites for the discrimination of some social groups, for the marginalisation of social groups, and for the rise of social exclusion. The increasing level of social exclusion poses a threat to national stability and security, therefore, it is important to timely identify the causes of the rise of social exclusion and, by removing them, to eliminate the preconditions for the formation of crisis situations.
The author of the article, by way of applying theoretical analysis and using empirical evidence, as well as by analysing international documents ratified by the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, the laws in force, and the resolutions of the Government, argues that a prerequisite for the success in building a well fare state is sustainable development of society. The aspiration of sustainable development is a challenge not only to the interaction of the economic, ecological, and social systems, but also to the interaction of sub-systems within said systems. The deficit of sustainable development in the social system destroys the structure of the society, creates prerequisites for the discrimination of some social groups, for the marginalisation of social groups, and for the rise of social exclusion. The increasing level of social exclusion poses a threat to national stability and security, therefore, it is important to timely identify the causes of the rise of social exclusion and, by removing them, to eliminate the preconditions for the formation of crisis situations.
The author of the article, by way of applying theoretical analysis and using empirical evidence, as well as by analysing international documents ratified by the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, the laws in force, and the resolutions of the Government, argues that a prerequisite for the success in building a well fare state is sustainable development of society. The aspiration of sustainable development is a challenge not only to the interaction of the economic, ecological, and social systems, but also to the interaction of sub-systems within said systems. The deficit of sustainable development in the social system destroys the structure of the society, creates prerequisites for the discrimination of some social groups, for the marginalisation of social groups, and for the rise of social exclusion. The increasing level of social exclusion poses a threat to national stability and security, therefore, it is important to timely identify the causes of the rise of social exclusion and, by removing them, to eliminate the preconditions for the formation of crisis situations.
The author of the article, by way of applying theoretical analysis and using empirical evidence, as well as by analysing international documents ratified by the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania, the laws in force, and the resolutions of the Government, argues that a prerequisite for the success in building a well fare state is sustainable development of society. The aspiration of sustainable development is a challenge not only to the interaction of the economic, ecological, and social systems, but also to the interaction of sub-systems within said systems. The deficit of sustainable development in the social system destroys the structure of the society, creates prerequisites for the discrimination of some social groups, for the marginalisation of social groups, and for the rise of social exclusion. The increasing level of social exclusion poses a threat to national stability and security, therefore, it is important to timely identify the causes of the rise of social exclusion and, by removing them, to eliminate the preconditions for the formation of crisis situations.
The article highlights the education community, drawing the community as a strengthening of local government units; debate on the participation of community members in self-governance process. The article discusses the case study; exposing the local community (Kupiškis district) participation in political and cultural life of the community, directly to the (self) pulling into municipal development processes and public civil debate edge business development actualities positioning. Concerned members of the community competencies, activities and feel, the presentation of their region as a smart social space of the region, in support of a competitive advantage in the global market – i.e. community participation, the promotion of entrepreneurship in the region; the development of tourism, the use of existing natural, cultural and other resources.
The problem of the research. The conception of the sustainable development is interpreted as non- decreasing wealth of the society based on a certain level of the technological, ecological and social activities. The social sustainability is treated as the least material and determined in comparison with the economic and ecological ones. It should be admitted that the current EU educational strategies as well as the national educational system declare the development of the essential values. Yet, the concrete and efficiently academic skills have been considered as the most prestigious ones as the quality level indicators of teachers and schools in both the national and international contexts. The strategy of the development of an open-minded, creative and responsible personality remains so far an object of the theoretical debates. That is why it is under the urgent importance to clear out the main laws of the sustainable education; to answer the question if we are able enough to rule the rapid social changes, their inertness; and if we have enough means to bring up and develop a harmonious personality. The subject of the research. The development of a harmonious personality. The aim of the research. To reveal the main abilities of the development of a harmonious personality in the sustainable educational process. The methods of the researche. The analysis of the scientific literature; the analysis of the contents of the documents; the semi- structural individual interviews and the analysis of their contents (qualitative content analysis). The outcomes of the research. The majority of the opinions of the respondents – teachers and parents – coincide: within the society there exists a manifestation of economic values, cosmopolitan culture of ratings, urgent changes of competences in the euro-identitive context. There exists some resolution of the sustainable factors in the educational institutions – the aspiration of the constant progress, the ability to adapt oneself to the changing surroundings, the testing of the demands. Yet, the aspiration of the sustainability is being fulfilled with certain difficulties – there still exists a lack of the harmony among the educational documents; a lack of the real integration among various teaching subjects. The contents of the examination programmes sadly undergo the type of the theories and politics which impoverish the students' spiritual values. The conclusions of the research. The education based on the sustainable development should be continued on the basis of learning supported with the essential values. In such a context, the concept of the harmonious personality would definitely correlate with the characteristics of the emotionally and spiritually harmonious, mature and multi-developed personality able to reveal his/ her uniqueness. The main positive factors would imply the fundamental development of the essential values supported by the school's ethical and moral codex correlating with and matching the state's educational documents, teaching programs, examination contents, teaching means, evaluation system, which would lead to the personality's maturity as the main aspiration. The basic potential reasons influencing the disability to develop a harmonious personality are connected with the educational concept based on lacking the system of the fundamental values; based on the constant and superficial educational reforms mainly reflecting the political changes; based on the decrease of the net of the educational institutions; based on the absence of the educational management competences, the culture of ranking; based on the chaotically uncontrolled negative influence of the informal surroundings; based on the absence of applying the holistic philosophy.
The problem of the research. The conception of the sustainable development is interpreted as non- decreasing wealth of the society based on a certain level of the technological, ecological and social activities. The social sustainability is treated as the least material and determined in comparison with the economic and ecological ones. It should be admitted that the current EU educational strategies as well as the national educational system declare the development of the essential values. Yet, the concrete and efficiently academic skills have been considered as the most prestigious ones as the quality level indicators of teachers and schools in both the national and international contexts. The strategy of the development of an open-minded, creative and responsible personality remains so far an object of the theoretical debates. That is why it is under the urgent importance to clear out the main laws of the sustainable education; to answer the question if we are able enough to rule the rapid social changes, their inertness; and if we have enough means to bring up and develop a harmonious personality. The subject of the research. The development of a harmonious personality. The aim of the research. To reveal the main abilities of the development of a harmonious personality in the sustainable educational process. The methods of the researche. The analysis of the scientific literature; the analysis of the contents of the documents; the semi- structural individual interviews and the analysis of their contents (qualitative content analysis). The outcomes of the research. The majority of the opinions of the respondents – teachers and parents – coincide: within the society there exists a manifestation of economic values, cosmopolitan culture of ratings, urgent changes of competences in the euro-identitive context. There exists some resolution of the sustainable factors in the educational institutions – the aspiration of the constant progress, the ability to adapt oneself to the changing surroundings, the testing of the demands. Yet, the aspiration of the sustainability is being fulfilled with certain difficulties – there still exists a lack of the harmony among the educational documents; a lack of the real integration among various teaching subjects. The contents of the examination programmes sadly undergo the type of the theories and politics which impoverish the students' spiritual values. The conclusions of the research. The education based on the sustainable development should be continued on the basis of learning supported with the essential values. In such a context, the concept of the harmonious personality would definitely correlate with the characteristics of the emotionally and spiritually harmonious, mature and multi-developed personality able to reveal his/ her uniqueness. The main positive factors would imply the fundamental development of the essential values supported by the school's ethical and moral codex correlating with and matching the state's educational documents, teaching programs, examination contents, teaching means, evaluation system, which would lead to the personality's maturity as the main aspiration. The basic potential reasons influencing the disability to develop a harmonious personality are connected with the educational concept based on lacking the system of the fundamental values; based on the constant and superficial educational reforms mainly reflecting the political changes; based on the decrease of the net of the educational institutions; based on the absence of the educational management competences, the culture of ranking; based on the chaotically uncontrolled negative influence of the informal surroundings; based on the absence of applying the holistic philosophy.
The problem of the research. The conception of the sustainable development is interpreted as non- decreasing wealth of the society based on a certain level of the technological, ecological and social activities. The social sustainability is treated as the least material and determined in comparison with the economic and ecological ones. It should be admitted that the current EU educational strategies as well as the national educational system declare the development of the essential values. Yet, the concrete and efficiently academic skills have been considered as the most prestigious ones as the quality level indicators of teachers and schools in both the national and international contexts. The strategy of the development of an open-minded, creative and responsible personality remains so far an object of the theoretical debates. That is why it is under the urgent importance to clear out the main laws of the sustainable education; to answer the question if we are able enough to rule the rapid social changes, their inertness; and if we have enough means to bring up and develop a harmonious personality. The subject of the research. The development of a harmonious personality. The aim of the research. To reveal the main abilities of the development of a harmonious personality in the sustainable educational process. The methods of the researche. The analysis of the scientific literature; the analysis of the contents of the documents; the semi- structural individual interviews and the analysis of their contents (qualitative content analysis). The outcomes of the research. The majority of the opinions of the respondents – teachers and parents – coincide: within the society there exists a manifestation of economic values, cosmopolitan culture of ratings, urgent changes of competences in the euro-identitive context. There exists some resolution of the sustainable factors in the educational institutions – the aspiration of the constant progress, the ability to adapt oneself to the changing surroundings, the testing of the demands. Yet, the aspiration of the sustainability is being fulfilled with certain difficulties – there still exists a lack of the harmony among the educational documents; a lack of the real integration among various teaching subjects. The contents of the examination programmes sadly undergo the type of the theories and politics which impoverish the students' spiritual values. The conclusions of the research. The education based on the sustainable development should be continued on the basis of learning supported with the essential values. In such a context, the concept of the harmonious personality would definitely correlate with the characteristics of the emotionally and spiritually harmonious, mature and multi-developed personality able to reveal his/ her uniqueness. The main positive factors would imply the fundamental development of the essential values supported by the school's ethical and moral codex correlating with and matching the state's educational documents, teaching programs, examination contents, teaching means, evaluation system, which would lead to the personality's maturity as the main aspiration. The basic potential reasons influencing the disability to develop a harmonious personality are connected with the educational concept based on lacking the system of the fundamental values; based on the constant and superficial educational reforms mainly reflecting the political changes; based on the decrease of the net of the educational institutions; based on the absence of the educational management competences, the culture of ranking; based on the chaotically uncontrolled negative influence of the informal surroundings; based on the absence of applying the holistic philosophy.
Diverse public sector organisations are engaged in the contemporary e-government projects, so the significance of new organisational capability for e-government interoperability is increasing. The risks of these projects implementation could be effectively mitigated through the assessment of e-government interoperability, thereto researchers are searching for the relevant tools, and there are already some results of a practical value in leading e-government countries. This work addresses the research problem, how these leading methods applied for the assessment of e-government interoperability can be adopted in the context of countries in earlier stage of e-government development. Based on the analysis of theory on contemporary e-government development models and management methods, an integrated framework for the process of a joined-up government development, and the research instrument for the assessment of perception, significance, and level of practice of dynamic organisational capabilities for e-government interoperability in a particular country were proposed. They were applied in the empirical research that resulted into the modified version of the toolkit for the assessment of e-government interoperability offered by the USA researchers, meeting the requirements of current e-government development process in Lithuania. Finally, the recommendations for integration of the modified version of the toolkit and the proposed research instrument into Lithuanian e-government development process are provided. Their implementation can shift e-government development process from its current focus on stand-alone electronic services towards more integrated approach of the joined-up government development.
Diverse public sector organisations are engaged in the contemporary e-government projects, so the significance of new organisational capability for e-government interoperability is increasing. The risks of these projects implementation could be effectively mitigated through the assessment of e-government interoperability, thereto researchers are searching for the relevant tools, and there are already some results of a practical value in leading e-government countries. This work addresses the research problem, how these leading methods applied for the assessment of e-government interoperability can be adopted in the context of countries in earlier stage of e-government development. Based on the analysis of theory on contemporary e-government development models and management methods, an integrated framework for the process of a joined-up government development, and the research instrument for the assessment of perception, significance, and level of practice of dynamic organisational capabilities for e-government interoperability in a particular country were proposed. They were applied in the empirical research that resulted into the modified version of the toolkit for the assessment of e-government interoperability offered by the USA researchers, meeting the requirements of current e-government development process in Lithuania. Finally, the recommendations for integration of the modified version of the toolkit and the proposed research instrument into Lithuanian e-government development process are provided. Their implementation can shift e-government development process from its current focus on stand-alone electronic services towards more integrated approach of the joined-up government development.
