Suchergebnisse

Li, Ho Fai. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-117). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Acknowledgements --- p.i ; English and Chinese Abstracts --- p.ii ; List of Contents --- p.iv ; "Index of tables, figures, and diagrams" --- p.vi ; Lists of abbreviations and acronyms --- p.vii ; Notes --- p.ix ; Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background and Research Question --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Methodology --- p.3 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.5 ; Chapter 1.4 --- "Theoretical Frameworks, Central Arguments and Organization of the Thesis" --- p.6 ; Chapter 2. --- Theoretical Frameworks and Literature Review --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Historical Institutionalism --- p.8 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Study of Heritage Conservation --- p.10 ; Chapter 2.3 --- The Study of Civil Society --- p.12 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Political Economy of Built Heritage Conservation --- p.14 ; Chapter 2.5 --- State-Civil Society Relations in Post-Independence Malaysia --- p.16 ; Chapter 3. --- "Case Study of George Town in Penang, Malaysia (1957-2008)" --- p.24 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Genesis of George Town as a British Colonial Town --- p.24 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Development of George Town in 1950s-1970s --- p.25 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Development of George Town in 1980s-2008 --- p.32 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Updates of Development of George Town since 2008 --- p.60 ; Chapter 4. --- "Analysis of the case of George Town in Penang, Malaysia" --- p.66 ; Chapter 4.1 --- A Path of Institutional Change towards Heritage Conservation --- p.67 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Structural Basis for Civil Society-state Synergy --- p.69 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Conceptualizing the Constructability of Civil society-state Synergy --- p.77 ; Chapter 4.4 --- "Identification of ""Critical Juncture"" in the Developmental Path" --- p.82 ; Chapter 4.5 --- Sustainability of Civil society-state Synergy --- p.83 ; Chapter 5. --- Conclusion and Discussion --- p.88 ; Chapter 5.1 --- Brief Review of the ...

本研究运用地方政治经济特征来解释商业协会与威权国家关系的分化,以及商业协会之间的系统差异,主张在地方政治经济结构中理解商业协会的角色及其之于威权政体的意义。本研究说明了在转型中国商业协会政治角色的新经验进展,探讨了社会利益能够成功地以制度化的方式输入威权政体的条件。 ; 在国家一面,本项研究说明了支撑地方威权国家维持支配的制度基础。激励地方政府开拓财源的财政制度和刺激官僚追求政绩的晋升制度,促使地方政府及其组成部门利用商业协会来提供必要的财政补给、提供公共品和帮助政府执行治理职能。在社会一面,中国的地方政治经济发展模式并非消弭而是加深了私营企业主之间的利益分化,破坏了商业协会的同质性基础。大型私企、中小型私企、个体与地方政府的互动模式具有本质差别,形成了分化的利益诉求。但是当前的商业协会体系并不能处理这种分化了的社会利益诉求,试图将它们都聚集到同一个结社中,既破坏了结社的内部凝聚力,也阻碍了制度化利益传输的可能。 ; 商业协会与威权国家的关系取决于政府渗透与结社凝聚力两大条件的交互作用。本研究将当下商业协会与威权国家的关系概括为四种类型:"合作型,"对抗型,"支配型和"庇护型。不同类型协会表达利益诉求的能力不同,"合作型与"对抗型都可以曲折的方式实现利益中介,但它们都还不是制度化的利益中介过程。通过"去政治化的政治整合过程,当前中国的商业协会对威权政体的政治稳定起到了正面作用。基于上述分析,合理的推论是:若地方政治经济特征存在系统差异,则商业协会的整体状况也应存在系统差异。本研究所建立的关于商业协会政治影响力的Logistic回归模型说明,商业协会的层级越高,组织凝聚力越高,与政府的"合作型关系越强,其被政府咨询以及实际影响政策的可能性也越高。在中国,在更高的政府层级上商业协会具有更可见的政治影响力。 ; This research reveals how the differentiated relation between business associations and authoritarian state and the systematic organizational variations are configurated by local political economy, and argues the political significance of business associations in authoritarian state should be located in the specific political economic structure. This research displays recent development of business associations' political role in transitional China, and identify the conditions that facilitate organizational social interest pursuits to be successfully inputted into authoritarian state. ; On the one hand, this research discusses the institutional bases which motivate the local authoritarian state to maintain continuing domination over society. Both the fiscal institution driving local state to expand revenue incomes and the bureaucratic promotion institution driving officials to accumulate political achievements motivate the local government to achieve following benefits from penetrating and dominating business associations: extract money from society, provide public goods, and facilitate the governance functions. On the other hand, the specific developmental pattern of local market economy actually has deepened the fragmentations among emerging private ...