"This book provides a comprehensive, multi-sector analysis of Ethiopia's development project, which has rightly been regarded as one of the development success stories of recent decades. The book will interest scholars in African studies, political science and development studies, in addition to those with specific interests in Ethiopia"--
Within the framework of critical development theory, this article first reviews the African experience of imitating external development models, focusing on the impact of neoliberalism on the continent, and the case for the developmental state. It then examines whether Ethiopia once again is abandoning an isomorphic emulation of a self-proclaimed developmental state by taking a stride toward neoliberalism with the ongoing reform since 2018. This reform, as witnessed by fast-tracked currency devaluation, privatization, and the removal of state subsidies, indicates a policy shift geared toward traditional neoliberal prescriptions. It argues that it is better to cautiously reform the Ethiopian developmental state to introduce exact features of the model instead of prematurely abandoning it for unbridled neoliberalism in the name of a "homegrown economic reform" that turned out to be an IMF/WB-brewed adjustment rather than a homegrown rebalancing.
ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the expansion of social policies in South Korea during the context of globalization, by linking two theoretical approaches: social investment and the New Developmental State. Applying the case study method, I endorse the hypothesis of complementarily between the welfare state and the developmental state. The article shows that between the 1990s and the 2010s, South Korea expanded all sectors of social policies analyzed. Beyond the expansion of passive policies, active policies (including education) were reshaped in an integrated manner with the industrial policy to promote innovation, pursuing the transition to the knowledge-based society; also the family policy became one of the most generous among OECD countries.
In: African journal of political science: a journal of the African Association of Political Science = Revue africaine de science politique, Band 11, Heft 2, S. 77-79
A corpus of literature emphasises the need for industrialisation and integration if states belonging to regional blocs aspire to prosper economically, politically, socially, technologically and culturally. In Southern Africa, gains have been made mainly in political cooperation and solidarity but remain desperately underdeveloped regarding regional integration. Yet, current realities made evident through the advent of Covid 19 pandemic, the ongoing climate change-induced crisis, the energy crisis and the vexing challenges of migration call for the urgent need for regions that ought to foster and prioritise developmental integration and industrialisation. The text, Developmental Integration and Industrialisation in Southern Africa by Siphumelele Duma exposes this glaring gap in the literature by taking stock of the developmental integration and industrialisation matrix of the region whilst at the same time proffering solutions on what needs to be done for the realisation of the critical goals of these notions.
The article presents a sociological analysis of the family role structure as the involvement of spouses in various types of social activity. This problem is actualized among Russians under the change in the meanings of the family as an institution, the roles of redistribution between men and women. The novelty of the study is that the types of family role structure; reveals the connection of the combined role structure in a married couple with the social activity of the dyad; the relationship of the role structure of the family with the satisfaction of needs in various types of social activity was revealed. The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between the role structure of the family and the degree of involvement of spouses in various types of social activity; to determine the mutual ideas of spouses on family roles; to establish the types of social activity that are influenced by the agreed and inconsistent family role structure to a greater and lesser extent. A qualitative sociological study was carried out by using the methods of in-depth interviews and semantic differential (A. I. Antonov's method), in which 13 married couples aged from 23 to 52 years took part. The role structures of the family that influence the social activity of the dyad are identified: compatible and inconsistent role structures. Consistency of roles in a married couple has a positive effect on the following types of activity of spouses: labor, socio-economic, educational and developmental, socially useful, leisure activities. No connection was found between the consistency of spouses' ideas about the distribution of roles in the family and their activity in the socio-political sphere. In addition, the role consistency of marital relationships is associated with the degree of involvement and satisfaction of the husband and wife with participation in various types of social activity: spouses from "compatible" couples are more satisfied with participation in various types of social life, it is more diverse for them, and they devote more time to it. Marital compatibility is also associated with self-esteem of one's own life, satisfaction with the extra-family life of the spouses. The spouses from "compatible" families see their lives as full and satisfied; the positive impact of the quality of relationships on social activity was noted. The analysis of the results of an empirical study showed that the role structure of the family and the social activity of husband and wife are related: the greater the consistency of roles is observed in a married couple, the more socially active the spouses are. Mutual understanding and consistency of the role structure contributes to a more complete realization of the spouses, increasing satisfaction with their life in general and its family component.
In the existing literature on foreign direct investment, it is often assumed that multinational corporations and their direct investments reduce institutional differences among economies. Building upon this assumption, those influenced by management studies and mainstream economics see multinational corporations as an agent that upgrades local business conventions to global standards. Geographers do not usually accept this convergence theory and claim differences among host economies prevents convergence in business practices. The difference between these groups of scholars is that the non-convergence camp acknowledges the resilience of local business practices while the convergence camp does not. The papers comprising this special issue question this shared assumption of foreign direct investment as a cause of convergence. As outlined in this introductory paper, and explored in detail in the following papers, we pay attention to the simple fact that the foreign direct investment is from a company or individual whose business practices are inherently influenced by their experiences of business in the nation or region of origin, and these experiences indelibly influence, to varying degrees, their local operations in investment destination. Once we accept such an obvious fact, recent debates on variety of capitalism and related literatures on the developmental state, welfare regime and other concepts all become relevant to understanding of the local operation of foreign-owned businesses.
The forced migration movement from Syria, which began in 2011, has brought about significant changes in civil society within Turkey. The already existing complex relationship between the state and civil society, is further diversified in the context of forced migration, presenting the need to focus on the provision of humanitarian assistance, access to services, and integration of Syrian refugees who are legally under temporary protection, without international refugee recognition. Furthermore, state-driven cross-border humanitarian operations and security-oriented state policies also shape this landscape. Therefore, the interplay between civil society actors –existing, government-supported, and newly emerging– and security-oriented state policies contributes to this transformation. Historical and political realities, alongside global-local crises, influence the trajectory of change within civil society, positioning authorities as pivotal decision-makers in managing individuals' movement. Through in-depth interviews in different cities of Turkey with NGOs and refugee-led civil society members in 2018, the article uncovers the formation and progression of relationships between civil society actors and the state, revealing adaptations and adjustments based on contextual circumstances. The article seeks to move beyond comprehensive liberal and developmental perspectives, instead focusing on the evolving dynamics of state control within migration-related civil society.
AbstractPolicy narrative research focuses on one story/plot that forms narratives in policy controversies without attention to the subplot, picturing a reduced policy narrative structure. Subplots are studied in literary narratives as secondary plots to main plots and in terms of their structures, differences with, and similarities to plots, with both pursuing individual objectives toward common goals. Subplots enhance policy narratives' structures through enlargement and enrichment. Neglecting the subplot impedes knowledge about their contributions and potentially limits narrative analyses. This article introduces the subplot in policy narratives through a descriptive account, proposes an expanded structural definition, and structurally analyzes the policy narratives in the debate over a mining project in Bristol Bay, Alaska, United States. The opposing narrative's plot is cultural with political, legal, and environmental subplots, while the supporting narrative's plot is developmental with legal and political subplots. The study offers perspectives for advancing subplot research and narrative policy analysis.Related ArticlesBrekken, Katheryn C., and Vanessa M. Fenley. 2021. "Part of the Narrative: Generic News Frames in the U.S. Recreational Marijuana Policy Subsystem." Politics & Policy 49(1): 6–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12388.Chang, Katherine T., and Elizabeth A. Koebele. 2020. "What Drives Coalitions' Narrative Strategy? Exploring Policy Narratives around School Choice." Politics & Policy 48(4): 618–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12367.Shanahan, Elizabeth A., Mark K. McBeth, and Paul L. Hathaway. 2011. "Narrative Policy Framework: The Influence of Media Policy Narrative on Public Opinion." Politics & Policy 39(3): 373–400. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00295.x.
Abstract China's specific developmental context defines the need to understand its state logic of knowledge transfer, particularly from the agency perspective of universities. This paper proposes the new term 'university engagement with industry' (UEI) to highlight the active role of universities in university–industry linkages. A structural method is adopted to collect relevant literature and to provide a systematic and critical review of China's UEI. This paper makes four key contributions: (1) it illustrates a structural approach to collect literature via precise and transparent identification for a targeted topic from an interdisciplinary research field; (2) it systematically presents the China-specific external institutional environment and internal governance of universities for knowledge transfer and captures influential factors for university's embeddedness in multiscalar innovation systems; (3) it identifies China-specific UEI in comparison to Western findings; and (4) it suggests a research agenda on China's UEI for future studies.
Seeking a Future for the Past: Space, Power, and Heritage in a Chinese City examines the complexities and changing sociopolitical dynamics of urban renewal in contemporary China. Drawing on ten years of ethnographic fieldwork in the northeastern Chinese city of Qingdao, the book tells the story of the slow, fragmented, and contentious transformation of Dabaodao—an area in the city's former colonial center—from a place of common homes occupied by the urban poor into a showcase of architectural heritage and site for tourism and consumption. The ethnography provides a nuanced account of the diverse experiences and views of a range of groups involved in shaping, and being shaped, by the urban renewal process—local residents, migrant workers, preservationists, planners, and government officials—foregrounding the voices and experiences of marginal groups, such as migrants in the city. Unpacking structural reasons for urban developmental impasses, it paints a nuanced local picture of urban governance and political practice in contemporary urban China. Seeking a Future for the Past also weighs the positives and negatives of heritage preservation and scrutinizes the meanings and effects of "preservation" on diverse social actors. By zeroing in on the seemingly contradictory yet coexisting processes of urban stagnation and urban destruction, the book reveals the multifaceted challenges that China faces in reforming its urbanization practices and, ultimately, in managing its urban future.
"This book presents a comprehensive analysis of the intricate security situation prevailing in Balochistan. It explores and establishes correlations between the internal structural vulnerabilities and fault lines of the Pakistani state with the external influences exerted on the region. Employing a rigorous examination of both primary and secondary data, the volume critically examines the multifaceted nature of organised violence in Balochistan. In addition to separatist movements, the presence of religious militancy and cross-border terrorism is thoroughly examined. The book delves into the external involvement of regional and global powers in the intricate tapestry of violence within Balochistan, thereby shedding light on the emerging geopolitical landscape and the corresponding power dynamics in the region. It also analyses how the implementation of large-scale developmental initiatives, particularly facilitated by China under the auspices of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), has elevated the geostrategic significance of Balochistan while simultaneously entangling it in the vortex of regional power politics. This volume will be of interest scholars and researchers specializing in geopolitics, International Relations, and South Asian studies"--
Processes for assessing the age of young unaccompanied migrants have been roundly critiqued, with new concerns in the UK being raised about the increasing use of 'scientific' approaches. In this article, we suggest that, taking everything into account, analyses do not go far enough, arguing that technical questions of how 'best' to assess age or the new incursion of biometric measurements can obscure the political question of what work age does in hostile border regimes. As a result, the underpinning logics of age assessment – an essentialisation of age, 'race' and borders – are not only left in place but further augmented. We demonstrate, through a careful curation of assessment reports (that operate through the assertion of truth claims about the body, childhood and time) how such reports draw on and reproduce multiple and intersecting racist imaginaries as they are synthesised with developmental logics around childhood. Age, we argue, is being weaponised in the service of post-racial fantasies in liberal democracies, rising ethnonationalism and state retrenchment from social support.