Suchergebnisse

The article analyzes the state of the normative framework regulatingthe issues of employment of persons with disabilities, special attention is givento the provisions regulating the activity of the Federal body of medicaland social assessment. On the basis of the analysis there are the followingconclusions: the concept of «disability» contradicts the Russian Constitutionand international law, the reason for this contradiction is the considerationof «disability» only from the medical point of view, social factors are overlooked;in the relationship between an employee, an employer and the Federalbody of medical and social assessment there is a problem of the hermeneuticnature concerning the understanding of the specially created workingconditions. ; В статье проводится исследование состояния нормативной ба-зы, регулирующей вопросы труда лиц с ограниченными возможно-стями здоровья, особое внимание уделено положениям, регулирую-щим работу федерального органа медико-социальной экспертизы.На основании проведенного анализа делаются следующие выводы:понятие нетрудоспособности противоречит Конституции РФ и меж-дународному законодательству, причиной данного противоречияявляется рассмотрение нетрудоспособности только с медицинскойточки зрения, социальные же факторы при этом остаются бездолжного внимания, во взаимоотношениях между работником, ра-ботодателем и федеральным органом медико-социальной эксперти-зы существует проблема герменевтического характера относитель-но понимания специально созданных условий труда.

The subject. The problems of realization of non-discrimination principle in tax law of inte-gration associations are considered in the article.The purpose. The aim of this paper is to analyze influence of internationalization of tax law on tax law enforcement in the area of direct taxation using discrimination tests.Methodology. The author uses methods of theoretical analysis, particularly the theory of integrative legal consciousness, as well as legal methods, including formal legal method and methods of comparative law.The main results and scope of their application. The problems of realization of non-discrimination principle in EU tax law are considered in the article. The area of direct taxation is considered precisely. Roles of OECD Model Double Taxation Convention on Income and Capital and of practice of the European Court of Justice are brought into light. The possibilities of applying the experience of the European Union in the law enforcement practice of the Eurasian Economic Union are considered.Conclusions. The author comes to the conclusion that in the legislation of the EAEU member states the main criterion of identifying tax discrimination is the criterion of tax residency. The novelty of the Russian legislation was the institute of tax residency of organizations, which is based on the "nationality" of the organization. We can speak about the formation of a legal regime for non-discrimination in the legal space of the EAEU. ; Рассматриваются проблемы реализации принципа запрета дискриминации в налого-вом праве Европейского Союза. Особое внимание уделено сфере прямого налогооб-ложения. Освещена роль Модельной конвенции ОЭСР в отношении налогов на до-ходы и капитал, а также практики Европейского суда справедливости в правовом ре-гулировании запрета дискриминации. Рассматриваются возможности применения опыта Европейского Союза в правоприменительной практике Евразийского экономи-ческого союза.

The article discusses the discrimination suffered by the Shiite population of Saudi Arabia for which the authorities of that country are responsible. Hostile attitude of the regime to Shiites exacerbates their unenviable position in the kingdom. The unspoken discrimination against Shiites is manifested in the banning of their participation in government, the elite units of the armed forces and security agencies. The author also pays attention to the way the Shiite factor affects the relations of Saudi Arabia and Iran.Key words: Saudi Arabia, Shia, discrimination, Iran ; Статья посвящена проблеме дискриминации, которой подвергается шиитское население Саудовской Аравии со стороны властей этой страны. Неприязненное отношение, которое выказываемое правящим режимом по отношению к шиитам, существенно осложняет их положение. Негласная дискриминация шиитов проявляется в фактическом запрете их участия в органах государственного управления, элитных частях вооруженных сил и органах безопасности. Автор также уделяет внимание тому, как шиитский фактор отражается на отношениях Саудовской Аравии и Ирана.Ключевые слова: Саудовская Аравия, шиизм, дискриминация, Иран.

В данной работе рассмотрены проблемы гендерного неравенства и реализации запрета дискриминации по половому признаку в законодательстве Российской Федерации. Приводятся различные исследования, подтверждающие актуальность темы дискриминации по гендерному типу, на основе которых выявляются проблемы профессиональной сегрегации, неравной оплаты труда, штрафа за материнство. Раскрыты причины, порождающие дискриминацию по полу в сфере труда и затрудняющие борьбу с нарушениями прав работников. Рассмотрен вопрос влияния гендерных стереотипов, социальных устоев и семейной политики государства на дискриминацию. Предлагаются государственные меры для снижения уровня дискриминации по половому признаку в сфере труда. ; In this article, the problems of gender inequality and the implementation of the prohibition of discrimination on the basis of gender in the legislation of the Russian Federation are considered. There are some researches that confirm the relevance of the topic of gender-based discrimination, on the basis of which problems of occupational segregation, unequal pay, and the "penalty for motherhood" are identified. The reasons that give rise to gender discrimination in labor law and make it difficult to combat violations of workers' rights are revealed. The issue of the influence of gender stereotypes, social standards and family policy of the state on discrimination is considered. State measures are proposed to reduce the level of discrimination based on gender in labor law.

the article considers a number of aspects that reveal the content of existing administrative and legal measures to prevent gender discrimination in the sphere of public service of Ukraine. The author highlights the system of corresponding measures of organizational and individual character, and also emphasizes the role and importance of personnel policy in preventing gender discrimination in service relations. Particular attention is focused on the analysis of modern processes of improving the organizational and legal mechanism for counteracting gender discrimination in the civil service, taking into account the prospects for changing the current legislation of Ukraine. ; в статье рассматриваются ряд аспектов, которые раскрывают содержание существующих административно-правовых мер предупреждения гендерной дискриминации в сфере государственной службы Украины. Автором освещается система соответствующих мер организационного и индивидуального характера, а также отдельно подчеркивается роль и значение кадровой политики в части недопущения гендерной дискриминации в служебных отношениях. Особенное внимание акцентировано на анализе современных процессов усовершенствования организационно-правового механизма противодействия гендерной дискриминации на государственной службе с учетом перспектив изменения действующего законодательства Украины. ; у статті розглядається низка аспектів, які розкривають зміст існуючих адміністративно-правових заходів попередження гендерної дискримінації у сфері державної служби України. Автором освітлюється система відповідних заходів організаційного і індивідуального характеру, а також окремо підкреслюється роль і значення кадрової політики в частині недопущення гендерної дискримінації в службових відносинах. Особлива увага акцентована на аналізі сучасних процесів удосконалення організаційно-правового механізму протидії гендерній дискримінації на державній службі з урахуванням перспектив зміни чинного законодавства України.

the article considers a number of aspects that reveal the content of existing administrative and legal measures to prevent gender discrimination in the sphere of public service of Ukraine. The author highlights the system of corresponding measures of organizational and individual character, and also emphasizes the role and importance of personnel policy in preventing gender discrimination in service relations. Particular attention is focused on the analysis of modern processes of improving the organizational and legal mechanism for counteracting gender discrimination in the civil service, taking into account the prospects for changing the current legislation of Ukraine. ; в статье рассматриваются ряд аспектов, которые раскрывают содержание существующих административно-правовых мер предупреждения гендерной дискриминации в сфере государственной службы Украины. Автором освещается система соответствующих мер организационного и индивидуального характера, а также отдельно подчеркивается роль и значение кадровой политики в части недопущения гендерной дискриминации в служебных отношениях. Особенное внимание акцентировано на анализе современных процессов усовершенствования организационно-правового механизма противодействия гендерной дискриминации на государственной службе с учетом перспектив изменения действующего законодательства Украины. ; у статті розглядається низка аспектів, які розкривають зміст існуючих адміністративно-правових заходів попередження гендерної дискримінації у сфері державної служби України. Автором освітлюється система відповідних заходів організаційного і індивідуального характеру, а також окремо підкреслюється роль і значення кадрової політики в частині недопущення гендерної дискримінації в службових відносинах. Особлива увага акцентована на аналізі сучасних процесів удосконалення організаційно-правового механізму протидії гендерній дискримінації на державній службі з урахуванням перспектив зміни чинного законодавства України.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the situation of sexual minorities and their legal rights in Europe, the USA and Russia, as well as their differences, and the attitude of society to people of non-traditional orientation. In addition, the article considered the main problem of modern society is the inability of people to perceive non-traditional relations in military service, in employment at work and much more. Even many liberal countries still do not fully approve of this kind of relationship. Many same-sex couples are prohibited from adopting children, and there are real problems in the field of inheritance law. The article addressed the problem of discrimination of these relations in Russia. This article also examined court practice regarding the underreporting of the rights of sexual minorities.

Раздел I Актуальные проблемы международного публичного права ; Среди важнейших принципов международного спортивного права выступает принцип недискриминации в спорте. В статье раскрыта тема дискриминации в спорте, дан комплексный анализ правового регулирования запрета дискриминации в спорте с позиций национального и международного права. Затрагиваются вопросы распространенных форм дискриминации в области спорта – дискриминации по признаку пола и расы (проблема расизма в спорте). Показывается разграниче¬ние между понятиями «дискриминация» и «дифференциация» в сфере спорта. Представлены рекомендации автора по совершенствованию действующего законодательства в сфере физической культуры и спорта. = Principle of nondiscrimination in sport is among the most important principles of international sports law. The article reveals the actual problems of discrimination in sport, gives a comprehensive analysis of the legal regulation of the prohibition of discrimination in sport from the viewpoint of national and international law. The author investigates issues concerning the most common forms of discrimination in the field of sports - discrimination on grounds of sex and race (the problem of racism in sport), shows distinction between the concepts of «discrimination» and «differentiation» in the field of sports. The practical result of this article is the recommendation of the author to improve the current legislation in the sphere of physical culture and sport.

Jewish population of the USSR can be characterized by very high and growing level of tertiary education and high share of intellectual laborers. At the same time as it is evident from memoires Jews faced discrimination while applying to higher education as well as later in their professional trajectories. Many families had to adapt to this discrimination and to find ways to get access to higher education. Statistics is not enough to research this problem as level of education for Jews remained high despite discrimination. That is why we decide to explore memoires as a source for study of these discrimination barriers and recourses that helped people to cope with them. We chose cases from web site with Jewish memoires (http://berkovich-zametki.com) and in this paper we provide first results of analysis and hypothesis for further investigation. We found out that memoires are more likely to be written by those who managed to cope with difficulties and achieved success. Also we see that memoires are written in certain genres such as «rise of national consciousness» or «struggle for justice». Resources that helped to cope with discrimination mentioned in memoires are social and cultural capital (in terms in Bourdieu) and being ready to use them. We conclude that drawbacks of memoires for our study is that we cannot isolate barriers in access to education from further barriers in carrier pathways, and memoires are not sufficient to understand the resources which helped to cope with discrimination.

Раздзел ІІІ. Уплыў Статута Вялікага Княства Літоўскага 1529 года на далейшае развіццё дзяржавы і права ; В статье анализируется законодательство, направленное на противодействие дискриминации граждан, а также практика его применения. Основная идея автора статьи заключается в том, что законодательство и правоприменительная практика Республики Беларусь в сфере недискриминации развивается в позитивном направлении. Приняты национальные планы, направленные на дополнительную защиту прав инвалидов, обеспечение гендерного равенства. Однако желательно иметь комплексный акт против дискриминации, создать специализированный орган, который бы занимался проблемами дискриминации. ; У артыкуле аналізуецца заканадаўства, накіраванае на супрацьдзеянне дыскрымінацыі грамадзян, а таксама практыка яго прымянення. Асноўная ідэя аўтара артыкула заключаецца ў тым, што заканадаўства і правапрымяняльная практыка Рэспублікі Беларусь у сферы недыскрымінацыі развіваецца ў пазітыўным кірунку. Прынятыя нацыянальныя планы, накіраваныя на дадатковую абарону правоў інвалідаў, забеспячэнне гендэрнай роўнасці. Аднак пажадана мець комплексны акт супраць дыскрымінацыі, стварыць спецыялізаваны орган, які б займаўся праблемамі дыскрымінацыі = The article analyzes the legislation aimed at combating discrimination of citizens, as well as the practice of its application. The main idea of the author of the article is that the legislation and law enforcement practice of the Republic of Belarus in the field of non-discrimination is developing in a positive direction. National plans have been adopted aimed at further protecting the rights of persons with disabilities and ensuring gender equality. However, it is desirable to have a comprehensive act against discrimination, to create a specialized body that would deal with discrimination.

Mikhail Josifovich Vygon (1924-2011) was a prominent writer, educator and public figure of the Jewish origin. He was born in Rudnya (Smolensk district, USSR) but spent his childhood in Mayfeld, a little Crimean hamlet near Jankoy. In the city of Yalta (Crimea) he has been working for the chief part of his life. A witness to bloody crimes against the Jewish nation during Great Patriotic War years, later he became a victim of the Soviet political persecution of Jews. His oeuvres remain mainly unpublished nowadays. In my paper, I study his literary inheritance, including his novel Jewish Happiness in Steppe near Jankoy published in Israel шт 2004, as well as a number of his unpublished works and memoirs, to conceptualise his views on the fate of Jewish people in Eurasia in the twentieth century. In his works, Mikhail Vygon gives detailed evidence of Nazi crimes against Jews in Mayfeld in 1942, where 1,500 Jews were murdered by Wehrmacht and SS forces with direct aid or remissness of Russian and Ukrainian neighbours. The majority of Mayfeld's population was Jewish in ethnic composition since 1920s, but many Russians and Ukrainians entered it as refugees from Ukraine during the Golodomor period in 1932-1933. Almost universal hatred to Crimean Jews prevented new Russian and Ukrainian inhabitants of Mayfeld and the rest of Jankoy region to give any aid even to one of these 1,500 slaughtered people. No child or aged person was spared, while the property of the executed Jews was expropriated mainly not by the Germans but by the Russian and Ukrainian citizens of Mayfeld. Vygon's testimony refutes a well-known Soviet myth about the absence of Jews at the Soviet battle fronts during the Great Patriotic War. Vygon's incomplete list of Mayfeld secondary school former students of the Jewish origin, that perished at the battle fronts as soldiers, includes: 1. Bogorad, Matvey, student of Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute. 2. Maria, Krichevskaya, a technical college student, a partisan who died in the Bryansk forests. 3. ...

We consider the composition of discriminatory crimes, primarily the composition of Article 136 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The shortcomings of this article, the reasons for its non-use are analyzed. The problem of differentiation of criminal and other types of responsibility for discriminatory offenses, as well as the problem of differentiation of discriminatory and lawful restriction of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens is touched upon. The conclusion is made about the need to improve antidiscrimination legislation, the practice of its implementation, as well as the need for an anti-discrimination ideology and anti-discrimination education at the state level. ; Рассматриваются составы дискриминационных преступлений, прежде всего состав ст. 136 УК РФ. Анализируются недостатки данной статьи, причины ее неприменения. Затрагивается проблема разграничения уголовной и иных видов ответственности за дискриминационные правонарушения, а также проблема разграничения дискриминационного и правомерного ограничения конституционных прав и свобод граждан. Делается вывод о необходимости совершенствования антидискриминационного законодательства, практики его реализации, а также необходимости антидискриминационной идеологии и антидискриминационного воспитания на государственном уровне.

The article is aimed at the analysis of labour migration to the People's Republic of China in the beginning of the 21st century. This process has been developing rapidly since the end of the 1970s. In recent decades, the migration flow to China has increased dramatically, both in the sphere of the unskilled labour and in hi-tech industry, as well as in tertiary activity. Labour migration has already become a factor of China's economic development. While Russian area specialists and international relations experts have successfully studied the migration processes inside China, little research has been done on the labour migratnts from abroad in China. The authors pay attention to such aspects as the composition of migration flow to China, the areas of migrants' activity, the special features of the legal framework and the attitude of Chinese society towards migrants. The research is based on Chinese and other sources such as statistics, legal framework, non-governmental organisations' reports and mass media. The authors conclude that China, in spite of considerable positive developments in the regulation of migration processes and gaining benefits from migrants' employment for national economy and development, particularly in hi-tech industry, has not found solution for a number of problems in this sphere. The list of these problems includes social vulnerability of the migrants, human rights violations; lack of possibility to protect their rights; different types of crime, discrimination and xenophobia. The situation is to a large extent influenced by specific disapproval of foreigners, rooted in civilisational mentality of the Chinese society. Its specific attitude towards foreigners involves the rejection of their values and of their way of living. At the same time, this attitude is combined with the ambitions of the government and businessmen to continue the use of migrant labour in order to reach their goals in a shorter time and with a considerable cost cutting. © 2017 Academic Educational Forum on International Relations. All Rights Reserved.

The object of the master's work is a complex of public relations in the field of legal regulation of the rights of persons with disabilities in international law and the law of the Republic of Belarus. The purpose of the work is to define the concept, content and place in international law of the legal status of people with disabilities as holders of specific rights and obligations, to analyze and identify shortcomings of the legal regulation of integration in the Republic of Belarus. The main tasks of the work: to reveal the concept of terms related to disability in international law and the law of the Republic of Belarus; to review the implementation of adaptation, integration and inclusion in employment and education; explore the development of the protection of the rights of people with disabilities in the Republic of Belarus; to identify the directions of increase of efficiency of state policy in the sphere of realization of the rights of people with disabilities. The master's work uses the method of scientific research, analysis of documents of international law and the law of the Republic of Belarus. The study is based on a number of interrelated social and legal factors. The number of people with disabilities continues to grow all over the world, and most of them are socially isolated.this problem also occurs in the Republic of Belarus. Therefore, the study has led to the conclusion that in the modern national legislation in the field of the rights of people with disabilities there are difficulties: the lack of antidiscrimination legislation, incorrect use of terminology and the lack of fixed norms for creating a barrier-free environment.