Suchergebnisse

This article addresses current tools for assessing the level of dominance in industries (Concentration Index (CR), Lind Index (L), Hall-Tideman Index (HT), Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI)), identifies the limitations of the existing toolkit, and proposes its modification based on the developed SV Matrix, which allows analyzing the competitive situation on different markets. Drawing on the RAEX ranking of 2020 for four industries (consulting, audit, outsourcing, information technology), the authors propose classical indices modification algorithms to conduct a comparative analysis of the dominant level on different markets. To conduct a strategic competitive analysis based on modified indices, the article proposes to use the SV Matrix, allowing to reflect the comparative dominant level for different markets, as well as market shares controlled by leading companies. The technique is tested on the sample of 90 Russian industries (according to 2020 official reports) and allows to identify the presence of dominant groups in 31 sectors, assess their size and inner differentiation that resulted in comparative analysis of industries. The SV Matrix expands the toolkit for strategic analysis, allowing to assess not only the competition level in the market and the presence of dominant players in the industry, but also the
differentiation level for companies within the dominant group. Applying this matrix help analyze the characteristics of the market (both for the companies already in the market and those just planning to enter it) and draw conclusions regarding the strategic behavior of companies.

The Russian officials extensively apply antitrust prohibitions in the domestic markets. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly determine the presence of dominant companies in the market. The article examines the signs of collective dominance in the antimonopoly practice in Russia. For this purpose, the author examines judicial acts for cases on cancellation of decisions of the Russian Antimonopoly authority concerning collective dominance for 2007-2017, and considers type I and type II errors arising in establishing collective dominance. The empirical analysis of the factors influencing judicial reviews shows that the predictions of economic theory are not sufficiently taken into account in law enforcement.

The article contains the analysis of efficiency of Russian antimonopoly law norms,which specify the rules for detecting the dominant position, based on the approach towards the assessment of antimonopoly regulation institutes. It was shown on the example of wholesale electricity market and the oil-refining industry that current legislations' criteria don't allow to identify the possibility of economic entities to determinate market conditions. In such situation costs of market agents and antimonopoly authority are increased. ; В статье на основе подхода к оценке эффективности институтов антимонопольного регулирования проводится анализ эффективности норм российского антимонопольного законодательства в сфере выявления наличия доминирующих субъектов. На примере оптового рынка электроэнергии и нефтеперерабатывающей отрасли показано, что текущие законодательные критерии не позволяют выявить возможность отдельных хозяйствующих субъектов влиять на условия функционирования рынка. Это, в свою очередь, приводит к повышению издержек деятельности как субъектов рынка, так и антимонопольного органа.

The authors discuss the psychological model of a personality type, characteristic of men who have served in the army and the psychological factors obstructing their resocialization. Two groups of men are compared: those who have the experience of military service and those who lack it. The comparative analysis reveals personality traits of "deficiency-motivated personality".Key words: psychological dominance, dominance in the negative sense, deficiency-motivated personality, independent-dominant behavior, distrustful-skeptical behavior, low self-esteem. ; В статье рассмотрены психологическая модель личности мужчины, прошедшего службу в армии, и психологические препятствия его ресоциализации. Проведено сравнение двух групп мужчин (прошедших и непрошедших службу) на наличие личностных черт, присущих «доминирующей дефицитарной личности».

Digitalization and the rapid development of society determine the need to adapt legislation and law enforcement practice to the requirements of the digital age. Antitrust policy is also changing and developing tools that allow timely response to the challenges of the digital economy. One such tool is behavioral economics, which is becoming increasingly important in today's digital environment, and allows regulators to be flexible and contribute to the achievement of the main goals of competition law — to maintain a competitive state of the market and avoid the concentration of excessive power in the hands of one economic entity.The practice of applying behavioral economics by antitrust authorities is becoming more extensive, as there is a large pool of data in the digital environment, including information about consumers, which can be used by companies to influence users, as well as lead to unfair competition. Thus, the paper will study the issue of using behavioral economics in terms of consumer choice by antitrust authorities in order to identify possible behavioral insights of consumers that affect the correct establishment of product markets and the identification of competition law violations by companies.Applying the legal doctrinal approach, the descriptive method, and the comparative law method makes it possible to establish the issue's relevance in different countries and the prospects and trajectories of the usage of behavioral economics in antitrust practice.As a result of the study, a global trend has been established in the application of behavioral economics by antitrust authorities both in determining the boundaries of commodity markets and in detecting violations of antitrust laws. It is concluded that the use of such a tool will continue, as it contributes to the timely adaptation of existing antitrust laws to the challenges of the digital age, contributes to the achievement of competition law goals, and creates a thriving competitive environment. ; Цифровизация и стремительное развитие ...

В статье на основе риторики И. В. Сталина и его эпохи рассматривается проблема языка как способа осуществления господства. ; The article deals with the problem of language as a means of exercising dominance on the material of the rhetoric of J. Stalin and his epoch.

Article on the impact of the crisis in the global economy on marketing strategy in Russia. The author substantiates the thesis of the decline in the value of methods of promoting the marketing mix and a gradual return to the dominance of the marketing concept of the distribution.

The article examines the contradictions of the Russian economy in the context of the federal law "On the strategic planning in the Russian Federation". The contradictory nature of planning on the way to market development is noted. It is emphasized that planning while maintaining the dominance of private capitalist ownership of the means of production does not entirely solve the problem of bringing the economy onto the path of sustainable development.

Рассматривается попытка создания новой жизнеспособной военной системы и системы власти императорами династии Комнинов в Xl-Xll вв., суть которых состояла в господстве личных вертикальных и горизонтальных социальных связей, что являлось совершенно новым для Византийской империи. ; The article presents an attempt to create a new viable military system and the system of power by the emperors of the Komnenes dynasty in the Xl-Xll centuries. The core idea of these systems was the dominance of personal vertical and horizontal social links which was absolutely new for Byzantine Empire.

В статье рассматриваются проблемы современного гуманитарного образования в развивающемся информационном обществе. Внимание акцентируется на вопросах политической самоидентификации обучающихся, формировании правового сознания и причинности возникновения рискованных ситуаций в связи с доминированием технологических процессов в социальном самоопределении. ; The article deals with the problems of modern liberal education in the developing information society. Attention is focused on issues of political self-identification of students, the formation of legal consciousness and the causation of risky situations due to the dominance of technological processes in social self-determination. ; Статьяра аталанакан информациллě обществăн хальхи гуманитари вěренěвěнче тěл пулакан йывăр ыйтусене пăхса тухнă. Тěп вырăнта çамрăксем хăйсем кам иккенне политика енчен епле уçăмлатни, вěсен право ăнланулăхě тата теветкел лару-тăрăва ытларах чух технологи пулăмě витěм кӳни тăрать.

The article deals with the analyses of the modern history of economic thought methodology. The study traces the causes, which led to the loss of dominance of the proponents of absolutist interpretation of the history of economic thought in historiography. The factors that led to the expansion of the methodological arsenal used by the historians of economic thought at the turn of XX–XXI centuries are determined. The author attempts to systematize the content of the key approaches to the study of the history of economic thought. The article reveals the main advantages and disadvantages of the most widespread present time methodological principles of studying the history of economic thought and examines the prospects to achieve historiographical consensus.

As we move away from the historical events associated with Germany's attack on the Soviet Union, attempts to rewrite the history of World War II as a whole and the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 in particular are becoming more frequent in ideological and geopolitical interests. Especially regularly ambiguous and outrightly tendentious interpretations come from Baltic historians. In this regard, the author of the article aims to consider the interpretation of the events of 1941–1945, in the works of Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian researchers and the reasons for the emergence of often opposite assessments of this historical period. In the modern Baltic countries, a very peculiar perception of the events of World War II and the Great Patriotic War has developed, negatively assessing the role of the USSR in the liberation of these territories. The author concludes that the reasons for the dominance of these interpretations lie in the anti-Soviet orientation of local political elites, as well as in the dominance of this trend (for political reasons) in the local politics of memory over the past three decades since independence. In addition, it is important to emphasise the features of the historical development of the Baltic States influencing these interpretations. Thus, the perception of the events of World War II is also influenced by the historical memory of the Baltic peoples about the Civil / Liberation War of 1918–1920, in which representatives of the titular peoples found themselves on opposite sides (red and white formations). In addition, loyalty to Germany and German formations is associated with the strongest German influence in all social spheres in the previous periods of development of the Baltic countries. ; По мере отдаления от исторических событий, связанных с нападением Германии на Советский Союз, учащаются попытки переписывания истории Второй мировой войны в целом и Великой Отечественной войны 1941–1945 гг. в частности в идео­логических и геополитических интересах. Особенно регулярно ...

The article includes a comprehensive analysis of changes that have been taking place in Russian antitrust enforcement in response to the digitalization of the economy. Digitalization has led to increase of the role of information and digital platforms in day-to-day business activities of the market players. Digitalization vanished geographical boundaries of the digital markets and modified market structures in general. Innovative technologies, big data, and intellectual property have become the key drivers of economic growth. The authors analyze new violations of antimonopoly legislation in the digital era (in particular collusive tendering using auction robots), the anticompetitive effects resulting from the use of pricing algorithms, and the first approaches of the antitrust authority to regulations of the algorithmic pricing. In addition, within the framework of this article, the first legal positions of the antitrust authority regarding the use of pricing algorithms, as well as the new approaches of the regulator to the analysis of digital markets in merger control are considered, taking into account such factors as network effects, big data and technologies. Moreover, the authors analyze the first practice of using the technology transfer as a remedy in merger control by the antitrust authority to mitigate anti-competitive effects of the transactions planned in the Russian market. Finally, the authors conduct an overview of the new legal provisions governing the mandatory pre-installation of applications by Russian developers, and also describe the background for this initiative. When considering the above topics, the authors deeply analyze the relevant Russian and foreign legislation, draft laws, and the law enforcement practice of the Federal Antimonopoly Service. New approaches of the regulator to the analysis of digital markets in the framework of antitrust investigations and merger control, as well as automation of the processes of detecting antitrust violations, demand more attention from market ...