Drugs and drugs
In: Science and public policy: journal of the Science Policy Foundation
ISSN: 1471-5430
In: Science and public policy: journal of the Science Policy Foundation
ISSN: 1471-5430
Proceedings of: The 6th International Workshop on Semantic Web Applications and Tools for Life Sciences (SWAT4LS 2013). Took place 2013, December 11-12, in Edinburgh, UK. The evnt Web site http://www.swat4ls.org/workshops/edinburgh2013/ ; Drug-drug interactions form a significant risk group for adverse effects associ-ated with pharmaceutical treatment. These interactions are often reported in the literature, however, they are sparsely represented in machine-readable re-sources, such as online databases, thesauri or ontologies. These knowledge sources play a pivotal role in Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems since they provide a knowledge representation about the world or a particular do-main. While ontologies for drugs and their effects have proliferated in recent years, there is no ontology capable of describing and categorizing drug-drug in-teractions. Moreover, there is no artifact that represents all the possible mecha-nisms that can lead to a DDI. To fill this gap we propose DINTO, an ontology for drug-drug interactions and their mechanisms. In this paper we describe the classes, relationships and overall structure of DINTO. The ontology is free for use and available at https://code.google.com/p/dinto/ ; This work was supported by the Regional Government of Madrid under the Research Network MA2VICMR [S2009/TIC-1542], by the Spanish Ministry of Education under the project MULTIMEDICA [TIN2010-20644-C03-01] and by the European Commission Seventh Framework Programme under the project TrendMiner_Enlarged (EU FP7-ICT 612336). ; Publicado
BASE
In: Journal of policy history: JPH, Band 3, Heft 4, S. 393-414
ISSN: 0898-0306
Critics of the US drug war have urged the abandonment of the criminal approach & the substitution of controlled legalization in which substances like heroin, cocaine, & marijuana would be taxed & made available to adult users. While increased drug abuse & addiction would result, these social costs might be offset by the advantages of ending the violent, illicit drug traffic. How much crime would be eliminated by legalization is uncertain -- historical experience with narcotic, alcohol, & tobacco use & regulation suggests that the black market would persist in altered form under a system of controlled legalization. The extent of this continued illicit traffic would depend on which groups (eg, minors, prison inmates, pregnant women) were denied which drugs & the level(s) of federal, state, & local taxation. It is nevertheless possible to achieve a more balanced & rational drug policy that avoids both the dangers of controlled legalization & at least some of the concomitants of the drug war. It is argued that public health efforts, particularly in drug treatment, are the best hope for containing the harmful consequences of drug abuse. AA
In: Community centered drug program research report 4
In: Critical World Issues v.Vol. 16
Intro -- title page -- copyright page -- 1. Drug Use and Abuse -- 2. Recreational Drug Use Worldwide -- 3. The Global Drug Problem -- 4. Should Recreational Drugs Be Legalized? -- 5. Hooked on Medications -- 6. Alternative Medicines -- 7. Drugs and Sports -- 8. Effective Drug Treatments -- Appendix -- Organizations to Contact -- Series Glossary -- Further Reading -- Internet Resources -- Index -- Untitled -- Blank Page.
In: Issues That Concern You Ser
Intro -- Introduction -- 1. Addiction Is a Disease -- 2. Addiction Is Not a Disease -- 3. Marijuana Is Harmful -- 4. Marijuana Is Less Harmful than Alcohol -- 5. Using Marijuana Does Not Lead to Use of Other Drugs -- 6. Marijuana Should Be Legal -- 7. Marijuana Should Not Be Legal -- 8. Teen Prescription Drug Abuse Is Increasing -- 9. Prescription Drug Overdoses Are Increasing -- 10. Home Drug Tests Are Helpful -- 11. Home Drug Tests Are Not Helpful -- 12. Random Drug Testing in Schools Is Controversial -- Appendix -- ORGANIZATION OF CONTACT -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- PICTURE CREDITS
A memoir of intoxication like no other, On Drugs explores Chris Fleming's experience of drug addiction, which begins while he is a student before escalating into a life-threatening compulsion. A philosopher by training, Fleming combines meticulous observation of his life with a keen sense of the absurdity of his actions. He describes the intricacies of drug use and acquisition, their impact on the intellect and emotions, and the chaos that emerges as his tightly managed existence unravels into arrests, hospitalisations and family breakdown. His account is accompanied by searching reflections on his childhood, during which he developed acute obsessive compulsive disorder and became fixated on martial arts, music-making and bodybuilding. In confronting the pathos and comedy of drug use, On Drugs also opens out into meditations on the self and its deceptions, on popular culture, religion and mental illness, and the tortuous path to recovery
Engaging, articulate, and brilliantly argued, On Drugs is destined to become a revolutionary classic that redefines what it means to be "high." Calling for the acceptance of a "diversity of consciousness," Lenson delivers a searing critique of the War on Drugs as an effort based, like all attempts to eradicate "getting high," on an incomplete understanding of human nature
"In this unique and engaging book, Sue Pryce tackles the major issues surrounding drug policy. Why do governments persist with prohibition policies, despite their proven inefficacy? Why are some drugs criminalized, and some not? And why does society care about drug use at all? Pryce guides us through drug policy around the world"--
In: FP, Heft 162, S. 24-30
ISSN: 0015-7228
The founder & executive director of the Drug Policy Alliance argues that prohibition has failed -- again. Instead of treating the demand for illegal drugs as a market, & addicts as patients, governments have boosted the profits of drug lords & fostered the narcostates that threaten us all. A smarter drug control regime would value harm reduction over criminalization, & reality over rhetoric. Adapted from the source document.
Drug use is an inherent part of our culture. Since the Sumerians wrote of the 'joy of the poppy plant' in 3000BC to the crack dens of today, people in every society have wanted to use drugs. Drug policy cannot be effective until this basic fact is acknowledged and incorporated into policy-thinking. Until we recognize that drug use is an integral feature of society, it cannot be eliminated. In this unique and engaging new book, the former chair of DrugScope Sue Pryce tackles the major issues surrounding drug policy. Why do governments persist with prohibition policies, despite their proven inefficacy? Why are some drugs criminalized, and some not? And why does society care about drug use at all? In a highly polarized debate, in which emotions run high, Pryce illuminates these questions and guides us through the problems, possibilities and realities of drug policy around the world.
In: Journal of policy history: JPH, Band 3, Heft 4, S. 42-63
ISSN: 1528-4190
One thing that all parties in the American drug-policy debate agree upon is the desirability of eliminating the traffic in illicit drugs and the esurient criminal syndicates that control it. There are two divergent strategies for achieving this end. The first is the war on drugs. The second, which emerged in the late 1980s as a highly controversial alternative to the drug war, is controlled legalization. What follows is a historically informed critique of both approaches.