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"An up-to-date and authoritative textbook for those teaching, studying, or working in the rapidly advancing field of estuarine ecology. Split into four sections, the book offers detailed examinations of the complex relationships between estuarine ecosystems, their habitating organisms, and broader environmental forces. This latest edition also features a new layout and structure, with student exercises and review questions included to enhance and complement the book's content. This book is a textbook for a course in estuarine ecology designed to introduce students to the function and structure of estuarine ecosystems, but it can also serve as a general resource book for estuarine ecologists"--

"This is the urban century in which, for the first time, the majority of people live in towns and cities. Understanding how people influence, and are influenced by, the 'green' component of these environments is therefore of enormous significance. Providing an overview of the essentials of urban ecology, the book begins by covering the vital background concepts of the urbanisation process and the effect that it can have on ecosystem functions and services. Later sections are devoted to examining how species respond to urbanisation, the many facets of human-ecology interactions, and the issues surrounding urban planning and the provision of urban green spaces. Drawing on examples from urban settlements around the world, it highlights the progress to date in this burgeoning field, as well as the challenges that lie ahead"--

Covering a wide range of disciplines, this book explains the formulae, techniques, and methods used in field ecology. By providing an awareness of the statistical foundation for existing methods, the book will make biologists more aware of the strengths and possible weaknesses of procedures employed, and statisticians more appreciative of the needs of the field ecologist. Unique to this book is a focus on ecological data for single-species populations, from sampling through modeling. Examples come from real situations in pest management, forestry, wildlife biology, plant protection, and environmental studies, as well as from classical ecology. All those using this book will acquire a strong foundation in the statistical methods of modern ecological research. This textbook is for late undergraduate and graduate students, and for professionals

Why are some kinds of organism species-rich and others species-poor? How do new species arise and why do some go extinct? Why do organisms grow and behave the way they do? This book provides an introduction to evolutionary ecology, the science that brings ecology and evolution together to help understand biological diversity. Ideal as an introduction for undergraduates, this book will also interest established researchers, providing a broad and up-to-date context for their. work. - ;Why are some kinds of organism species-rich and others species-poor? How do new species arise and why do some go

"Over the past few decades, molecular biology has revolutionized ecological research. During that time, methods for genetically characterizing individuals, populations, and species have developed at a truly impressive rate, and continue to provide us with a wealth of novel data and fascinating new insights into the ecology and evolution of plants, animals, fungi, algae, and bacteria. Molecular markers allow us, among other things, to quantify genetic diversity, track the movements of individuals, measure inbreeding, identify the remains of individuals, characterize new species, and retrace historical patterns of dispersal. More recently, increasingly sophisticated genomic techniques have provided remarkable insight into the functioning of different genes, and the ways in which evolutionary adaptations (or lack thereof) can influence the survival of organisms in changing environments. All of these applications are of great academic interest, and are also frequently used to address practical ecological questions such as which endangered populations are most at risk from inbreeding, or how much hybridization has occurred between genetically modified crops and their wild relatives. Every year it becomes easier and more cost-effective to acquire molecular genetic data, and laboratories around the world can now regularly accomplish previously unthinkable tasks such as describing entire communities based on nothing more than remnant DNA extracted from water samples, or comparing a suite of functional genes between individuals from different populations"--

This book provides an overview of international developments in urban ecology, with many examples from cities worldwide. In addition, it presents a unique exchange of experiences and ideas, with a focus on cooperation between researchers and those involved in putting ideas into practice. Topics include: aims and standards for ecological cities; the integration of ecologial, economic, social and cultural aspects; land use as a controlling factor; ecologically responsible mobility; and the integration of nature and landscape into urban development

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1 From Social Psychology to Imperial Ecology -- 2 General Smuts's Politics of Holism and Patronage of Ecology -- 3 The Oxford School of Imperial Ecology -- 4 Holism and the Ecosystem Controversy -- 5 The Politics of Holism, Ecology, and Human Rights -- 6 Planning a New Human Ecology -- Conclusion: A World without History -- An Ecology of Ecologists -- Notes -- Sources -- Index

Winter conditions are rapidly changing in temperate ecosystems, particularly for those that experience periods of snow and ice cover. Relatively little is known of winter ecology in these systems, due to a historical research focus on summer 'growing seasons'. We executed the first global quantitative synthesis on under-ice lake ecology, including 36 abiotic and biotic variables from 42 research groups and 101 lakes, examining seasonal differences and connections as well as how seasonal differences vary with geophysical factors. Plankton were more abundant under ice than expected; mean winter values were 43.2% of summer values for chlorophyll a, 15.8% of summer phytoplankton biovolume and 25.3% of summer zooplankton density. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations were typically higher during winter, and these differences were exaggerated in smaller lakes. Lake size also influenced winter-summer patterns for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), with higher winter DOC in smaller lakes. At coarse levels of taxonomic aggregation, phytoplankton and zooplankton community composition showed few systematic differences between seasons, although literature suggests that seasonal differences are frequently lake-specific, species-specific, or occur at the level of functional group. Within the subset of lakes that had longer time series, winter influenced the subsequent summer for some nutrient variables and zooplankton biomass. ; National Science Foundation (NSF DEB) [1431428, 1136637]; Washington State University; Russian Science Foundation [14-14-00400]; Ministry of education and science of Russia Gos-Zasanie project [1354-2014/51]; Natural Environment Research Council [NE/J00829X/1, 1230750, NE/G019622/1, NE/J010227/1] ; Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF DEB #1431428; NSF DEB #1136637) and Washington State University. M. Timofeyev and E. Silow were partially supported by Russian Science Foundation project No 14-14-00400 and Ministry of education and science of Russia Gos-Zasanie project No 1354-2014/51. We are grateful to Marianne Moore, Deniz Ozkundakci, Chris Polashenski and Paula Kankaala for discussions that greatly improved this work. We also gratefully acknowledge the following individuals for contributing to this project: John Anderson, Jill Baron, Rick Bourbonniere, Sandra Brovold, Lluis Camarero, Sudeep Chandra, Jim Cotner, Laura Forsstom, Guillaume Grosbois, Chris Harrod, Klaus D. Joehnk, T.Y. Kim, Daniel Langenhaun, Reet Laugaste, Suzanne McGowan, Virginia Panizzo, Giampaolo Rossetti, R.E.H. Smith, Sarah Spaulding, Helen Tammert, Steve Thackeray, Kyle Zimmer, Priit Zingel and two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.

Taking a fresh approach to integrating key concepts and research processes, this undergraduate textbook encourages students to develop an understanding of how ecologists raise and answer real-world questions. Four unique chapters describe the development and evolution of different research programs in each of ecology's core areas, showing students that research is undertaken by real people who are profoundly influenced by their social and political environments. Beginning with a case study to capture student interest, each chapter emphasizes the linkage between observations, ideas, questions, hypotheses, predictions, results, and conclusions. Discussion questions, integrated within the text, encourage active participation, and a range of end-of-chapter questions reinforce knowledge and encourage application of analytical and critical thinking skills to real ecological questions. Students are asked to analyze and interpret real data, with support from online tutorials demonstrating the R programming language for statistical analysis.

A brief handbook entry on political ecology, as an approach in environmental studies.