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Experience gained from NATO operations shows that the basis for an effective solution to a crisis is a combination of a comprehensive political, civilian and military approach. The cooperation of all stakeholders is thus a basic prerequisite for the effective resolution of crisis situations. These aspects and stakeholders include emergency management. This paper deals with civil-military cooperation in times of emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. It qualitatively evaluates the findings resulting from the questionnaire survey focused on the state of crisis preparedness of the Army of the Czech Republic and the functionality of emergency management in cooperation with rescue work with other teams of the rescue system. The questionnaire was carried out at military units in all regions of the Czech Republic; organizational units of the Ministry of Defence with nationwide competence, which were directly involved in securing measures related to the declaration of a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic in March-May, 2020; Operations Command, which currently manages operations in the Czech Republic designed to manage the consequences of a pandemic; and members of the Ministry of Defence participating in the activities of the Strategic Command and Control Group. A total of 21 stakeholders took part. The experience in managing the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have shown that armed forces around the world have an irreplaceable position in dealing with nonmilitary crises. The conclusions and recommendations obtained from the research survey are the content of this paper.

Supported by Office of Water Research and Technology, USDI project no. B-175-CAL and by University of California, Water Resources Center project UCAL-WRC-W-495. ; "Prepared for 'Assessment, management & politics of water', 13th American Water Resources Conference, Tucson, Nov. 1977." ; With: Emergency water allocation : implementation of a preparednessprogram / R. Schinzinger . [et al.] Irvine, Calif. : EWAP, [1977] -- Emergency water allocation : achieving equitable and effective water allocation / H. Fagin, T. Edwards, and R. Schinzinger. Irvine, Calif. : EWAP, [1977] -- Emergency water allocation : restoration of a water distribution network / G. Urbach, R. Schinzinger, and H. Fagin. Irvine, Calif. : EWAP, [1977] ; Bibliography: leaf [15]. ; Mode of access: Internet.

International media report that over 300,000 Somalis have been newly displaced by fighting in Mogadishu. Conflict related displacement hits the headlines but the numbers displaced by environmental change are also colossal. The international response remains woefully inadequate. Adapted from the source document.

A state of public emergency is a situation of exceptional and imminent danger or crisis which affects the whole nation and constitutes a threat to the organised life of the community. However, the concept of a state of public emergency is in some measure a flexible one. Indeed, the crux of the problem of defining a state of emergency is not really the basic notion of what a state of emergency is but rather the extent to which a government may tolerate a potentially dangerous situation before declaring a state of emergency. ; peer-reviewed

pt. I. Prevention and planning in a globalized world -- pt. II. Acute responses and influences beyond the nation-state -- pt. III. Recovery and reconstruction in the shadow of globalization -- pt. IV. The possibilities of crisis learning in a globalized world.

Intro -- EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS POLICY, TECHNOLOGY AND FUNDING CONSIDERATIONS -- EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS POLICY, TECHNOLOGY AND FUNDING CONSIDERATIONS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 FUNDING EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS: TECHNOLOGY AND POLICY CONSIDERATIONS -- SUMMARY -- GOALS AND CHALLENGES -- Background: Planning to Meet Goals -- Challenges and Barriers to Change -- POLICY CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE FUTURE -- Governance and Grants -- Decision Making and Planning Authority -- Federal Involvement -- State and Local Involvement -- Commercial Involvement -- Role of the Emergency Response Interoperability Center and the Public Safety Spectrum Trust -- Cost Estimates -- Wireless Networks -- Network Size Impacts Cost -- Network Capacity Impacts Cost -- Network Infrastructure: Wireless Backhaul and NG9-1-1 -- Radios -- Competition and Cost -- Network Access -- Financial Resources -- Managing Radio Frequency Spectrum -- Technology -- Networks -- Radios -- Migration to Commercial Technologies -- LEGISLATION IN THE 112TH CONGRESS -- Provisions for Public Safety Broadband Network Deployment -- Public Safety Spectrum Assignment and Use -- Management Structure, Network Build-Out and Other Corporate Responsibilities -- Public Safety Roaming and Priority Access -- State and Local Implementation -- Public Safety Research and Development -- Funding -- Next Generation 911 -- APPENDIX A. FURTHER DISCUSSION OF LEGISLATION IN THE 112TH CONGRESS TO IMPROVE EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS -- Public Safety Spectrum and Wireless Innovation Act, S. 28 -- Spectrum Act, S. 911 as amended, and H.R. 2482 -- American Jobs Act of 2011, Subtitle H (S. 1549 and H.R. 12) -- Broadband for Public Safety Act of 2011, S. 1040 -- Broadband for First Responders Act, H.R. 607 -- APPENDIX B. PROPOSALS FOR SPECTRUM ASSIGNMENT -- Auction the D Block to Commercial Interests

BACKGROUND: Many perceive emergency department (ED) overuse as an important cause of high medical care costs in the United States. Managed care plans and politicians have seen constraints on ED use as an important element of cost control. METHODS: We measured ED-associated and other medical care costs, using the recently released 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey of approximately 35,000 persons in 14,000 households representative of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population. RESULTS: In 1987, total ED expenditures were $8.9 billion, or 1.9% of national health expenditures. People with health insurance represented 86% of the population and accounted for 88% of ED spending. The uninsured paid 47% of ED costs themselves; free care covered only 10%. For the uninsured, the cost of hospitalization initiated by ED visits totaled $3.3 billion, including $1.1 billion in free care. Whites accounted for 75% of total ED costs. The ED costs of poor and near-poor individuals accounted for only 0.47% of national health costs. CONCLUSIONS: ED use accounts for a small share of US medical care costs, and cost shifting to the insured to cover free ED care for the uninsured is modest. Constraining ED use cannot generate substantial cost savings but may penalize minorities and the poor, who receive much of their outpatient care in EDs.

Protests often indicate social states of emergency. The Gezi protests, in which people from various social, political, and class backgrounds went to the streets to voice their dissent, reflected a state of emergency in Turkey. Young people, often referred to as members of the country's post-1980 apolitical generation within public discourse, unexpectedly gathered on the streets and acted as the frontrunners of this mass movement. Their way of protesting through creative performances and humor effectively increased their visibility. Drawing upon the concept of emergency, and guided by a cultural performative approach, this article focuses on young people's experiences of protest. It is a study of the reasons and meanings behind young people's participation in the protests, as well as of values such as trust, solidarity, and collectivity upon which their action was grounded. My findings are based on qualitative field research, i. e., in-depth interviews conducted with young participants of the Gezi protests in İstanbul. The investigation is driven by the questions of how young people describe the notion of the political in relation to trust, solidarity, and collectivity, and how these diverse ways of describing the political through practices foreshadow a new understanding of the political.

Emergency nursing is an essential, integral and indispensable part of the Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The development of various specialties and super specialties in clinical areas including emergency medicine requires skilled and competent nurses. Above all, these nurses must be able to initiate resuscitative measures for emergency victims to save lives. Considering the magnitude of emergency care service needs in India and in line with the Government of India's Plan there is a need for developing the capabilities at all levels to provide effective and efficient care to all emergency victims. This chapter titled "Emergency Nursing - An essential requisite of Emergency Medical Service (EMS)" highlights the education and training needs for nurses in order to keep pace with the advancement in medical science and technology in providing patient care. According to the Government of India's plan, special committees are set up to improve the emergency healthcare service. Nurses are an integral part of the healthcare system and they should be able to cope with the rapidly changing healthcare needs of patients in emergency situations. Nurses need to be trained to meet the emergency healthcare needs; their enhanced skills and competence will enable them to initiate care, make decisions and manage emergency situations independently in order to save lives and limit complications. They should be able to make best use of 'the golden hour' in order to help prevent avoidable deaths in emergencies.

Discusses the global ethics of increased executive power by invoking the idea of an emergency and cites philosophers, neuroscientists, and artists to prove that thinking and taking fast action are compatible