Suchergebnisse

The financial crisis has not changed the economic structure of capitalism and critics of capitalism have increasingly turned to Marx for solutions. It is argued here that Hegel provides a better theoretical framework than Marx when it comes to understanding current alternatives. Hegel envisioned a society that transcends its capitalistic basis and reactivates communal energies. Thus Hegel can be considered to restore the Platonic ideal of koinonía which refers to the idea of a society organised around the needs of communities rather than individuals. The term has been used in the analysis of early Christianity and has been taken up by the Catholic Church; it is useful now because it has both a deeply metaphysical sense and a political and social reference which gives rise to ideas of right and justice. With this in mind, alternatives to capitalism are discussed which are based on the concept of 'the collaborative commons'. Three recent examples are considered which underpin current activist movements: the peer-to-peer movement of Michel Bauwens, the convivialist movement of Alain Caillé and the common-good movement of Christian Felber. For Hegel and for the modern collaborative commons a community-based society marks the end of capitalism.O FIM DO CAPITALISMO E O RETORNO DA KOINONIAResumoA crise financeira não mudou a estrutura econômica do capitalismo e críticos do capitalismo têm cada vez mais se voltado para Marx buscando soluções. O argumento em destaque propõe que Hegel oferece enquadramento teórico melhor que o de Marx quando se trata de compreender as atuais alternativas. Hegel pressupunha uma sociedade que transcendesse sua base capitalista e reativasse energias em comum. Desse modo, Hegel pode ser considerado o restaurador do ideal platônico de koinonia, que se refere à ideia de uma sociedade organizada tendo em vista as necessidades das comunidades em vez daquelas individuais. O termo foi usado na análise dos primeiros tempos da Cristandade e foi retomado pela Igreja Católica; é útil agora porque apresenta tanto um sentido profundamente metafísico quanto uma referência social e política que traz à tona ideias de direito e de justiça. Com isto em mente, alternativas para o capitalismo são discutidas com base no conceito de 'os comuns colaborativos'. Três exemplos recentes são considerados por apoiar os atuais movimentos de ativistas: o movimento "peer-to-peer" de Michel Bawens, o movimento de convivência de Alain Caillé e o movimento do bem-comum de Christian Felber. Para Hegel e para os comuns colaborativos modernos, uma sociedade baseada em comunidades marca o fim do capitalismo.

The measurement of Quality of Life at Work (QLW) has been emerging in the scientific
community as an important tool for investigating and evaluating the occupational health of individuals in a holistic manner. The measurement instruments are developed
for many different purposes and directions, being held by generic scales of health
status and specific scales to a given situation. The objective of this study is to discuss
important aspects related to QLW and present in a systematic concept, indicators and
measurement instruments used and validated in Brazil. Was conducted a study of
narrative review of available knowledge in the literature, consultation with the
following databases: DEDALUS, LILACS, MEDLINE and Scielo, based on the
periods of 1995-2008. It was conclude that in spiteof being instruments recognized
nationally and internationally, therefore further studies of application are not
needed to ensure better their psychometric properties, applicability, better
management and the possible interference inter-examiner.

The researches in/ for/ with the everyday life grow simultaneously with the development of the methodology of this kind of search. That's because, in order to recover the importance of microbial practices - singular and plural - of the everyday's life practitioners (Certeau, 1994) is necessary to experience this process of (re) invention of the searching act. It seems each time more crucial go to everyday life, to what happens and to what that people is doing, to think about the social policy. To define youth, what it is, how is possible to think on it and approach it are central issues for the debate concerning the ways on how the society might develop suitable policies, oriented to the needs and aspirations of this heterogeneous social group. The growing awareness about the inadequacy of the scientificism-positivist research methods - related to the generalizations and models definition - for understanding the complex dynamics surrounding the everyday life shares the assurance that the development of the everyday life epistemological concept is inseparable from the research methods that develop themselves in, with and about everyday life. The text provides a theoretical-epistemological-methodological reflection on the subject, arguing that one of the main challenges being faced by the field of so-called sociological studies of everyday life - to think the youth, school, or other social issues - is the internal coherence between these different but inseparable dimensions.

This article discusses artistic work, based on the concepts of self-invention and governmentality analyzed by Foucault, Veyne and Bennett. Life, in liberal rationalities, is understood as a field of government and as a capital. Artists invest their lives, perceptions and feelings in their artworks. Such interest, however, may conduct to identity politics. To avoid the fragmentation of the cultural field, the arts must be considered in their power relations and historical contingencies; understood as public and common goods that manifest more than mere capital but human power of invention. However, the transformation of cultural habits is a long-term task that involves the State, the private initiative and civil society. ; O artigo discorre sobre o trabalho artístico a partir dos conceitos de invenção de si e governamentalidade, analisados por Foucault, Veyne e Bennett. Nas racionalidades liberais, a vida é tomada como campo de governo e como capital. O artista investe sua vida, suas percepções e afetos na criação das obras. Mas esse interesse também pode conduzir a políticas identitárias. Para evitar que o campo se fragmente, as artes devem ser compreendidas, em suas relações de força e contingências históricas, como bens públicos e comuns, que manifestam, mais do que um capital, a potência humana de invenção. Contudo, transformar hábitos culturais é tarefa de longo prazo, que envolve o Estado, a iniciativa privada e a sociedade civil.

The promotion of quality of work life programs has become the way it is possible to
develop and maintain motivation and commitment of workers, resulting in numerous
benefits. Currently, many companies havesought to incorporate standardized
programs Quality of Work Life (QWL) immediately, without strategic planning and
proper investment. This causes them to obtain results contrary to those expected.
Each program must have a direction, since each company has its specificity. Thus, it
should be a diagnosis of problems and limitations of occupational activities, as well
as the physical and human resources, it canforward the planning and execution of
actions to be implemented. This study aimed to present suggestions of actions and
promotional programs for QWL to be used asa model, aiming to worker health and
gain business. Was conducted a bibliographic research by consulting the following
databases: DEDALUS, LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO, based on the periods of
1995-2008. It is concluded that there is much to do. Should then reduce the gap
between rhetoric and practice, so that the QWL is not just another fad and will not
disappear before the first difficulty to be faced.

Os jovens rurais têm diferentes inserções na sociedade. Considerando essas diversidades, pretende-se conhecer seus espaços de formação (escola, família, movimentos sociais), apreendendo as singularidades, as variações e as multiplicidades de suas práticas. Como os jovens na escola, nos cursos de formação, na família, no cotidiano, estão criando e recriando modos de vida? Como os jovens rurais constituem seus espaços de formação e sociabilidade, como exercitam corpo e o pensamento e como canalizam desejos, sonhos e ações afirmativas?

This article synthesizes the origins of the modern theater in Portugal according to the
view of Alexandre Herculano who anonymously published his views in the periodical
Jornal Literário e Instrutivo "O Panorama" (1837-1868).

The measuring instruments are developed for many different purposes and directions, being held by
generic scales of health status and specific scales to a given situation. This study aimed to discuss
the important issues that permeate the use of measuring instruments and provide a systematic way
of indicators and measuring instruments used in QL and validated in Brazil. It was conducted a
study of narrative review of available knowledge in the literature, consultation with the following
databases: DEDALUS, LILACS, MEDLINE and Scielo, based on the periods of 1995-2008. It was
observed that the instruments that were raised are more suitable for application in the Brazilian
population, with good internal consistency, validity and test-retest reliability. It was conclude that
despite national and internationally agreed instruments, are still scope to better ensure their
psychometric properties, better form of administration and the possible interference inter-examiner.