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Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Editor's Preface -- A Note on References -- Introduction and Acknowledgements -- 1 What was the Enlightenment? -- 2 The Goal: A Science of Man -- 3 The Politics of Enlightenment -- 4 Reforming Religion by Reason -- 5 Who was the Enlightenment? -- 6 Unity or Diversity? -- 7 Movement or Mentalité? -- 8 Conclusion: Did the Enlightenment Matter? -- Reading Suggestions -- Index.

part Part I: (Trans) National Perspectives -- chapter 1 Germany: The Straggler as Leader -- chapter 2 Cosmopolitanism, Patriotism, and Nationalism in the German and Austrian Enlightenment -- chapter 3 Feeling across Borders: The Europeanization of Russian Nobility through Emotional Patterns -- part Part II: Agents of Cosmopolitanism -- chapter 4 Literary Cosmopolitanism and the Geography of Genius in Eighteenth-Century France -- chapter 5 Spinoza's Impact on Europe -- chapter 6 Cosmopolitan Book Publishing: The Case of the Encyclopedie -- part Part III: Afterlives -- chapter 7 Subjectivity and Cosmopolitan Enlightenment: Music and Don Giovanni -- chapter 8 Heaven on Earth: The Rise and Fall and Rise and Fall and Rise Again of the Concept of Progress in Anglo-American Anthropology -- chapter 9 Cosmopolitanism in the Discursive Landscape of Modernity: Two Enlightenment Articulations -- chapter 10 Enlightenment Cosmopolitanism: Western or Universal?.

part Part I: So You Think You're an Egalitarian? -- chapter 1 Did Babeuf Deserve the Guillotine? -- chapter 2 A Promise Kept by Accident -- chapter 3 The Bateson Fact, or One in a Million -- part Part II: Why the World is the Way It Is -- chapter 4 The Malthus Check -- chapter 5 Population, Privilege, and Malthus' Retreat -- chapter 6 The Diabolical Place: A Secret of the Enlightenment -- chapter 7 Glimpses of Pioneer Life -- chapter 8 Altruism and Darwinism -- chapter 9 Paralytic Epistemology, or the Soundless Scream -- part Part III: Reclaiming the Jungle -- chapter 10 The Columbus Argument -- chapter 11 Bombs Away -- chapter 12 Jobs for the Girls -- chapter 13 Righting Wrongs -- chapter 14 Why You should be a Conservative.

The vast majority of books on Buddhism describe the Buddha using the word enlightened, rather than awakened. This bias has resulted in Buddhism becoming generally perceived as the eponymous religion of enlightenment. Beyond Enlightenment is a sophisticated study of some of the underlying assumptions involved in the study of Buddhism (especially, but not exclusively, in the West). It investigates the tendency of most scholars to ground their study of Buddhism in these particular assumptions about the Buddha's enlightenment and a particular understanding of religion, which is traced back through Western orientalists to the Enlightenment and the Protestant Reformation. Placing a distinct emphasis on Indian Buddhism, Richard Cohen adeptly creates a work that will appeal to those with an interest in Buddhism and India and also scholars of religion and history.

Cover page -- Halftitle page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Alphabetical List of Entries -- Topical List of Entries -- How to Use This Book -- Preface -- Timeline -- Historical Overview -- The Enlightenment: A to Z -- Primary Documents -- BARUCH SPINOZA "On the Nature and Origin of the Emotions," from Ethics (1677) -- JOHN LOCKE "Of the Beginnings of Political Societies," from Second Treatise on Civil Government (1689) -- GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ The Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence (1717) -- MONTESQUIEU "On Monarchies," from The Spirit of the Laws (1748) -- DAVID HUME An Enquiry into the Principles of Morals (1751) -- DENIS DIDEROT "Enjoyment" (Jouissance), from the Encyclopédie (1751-1765) -- ROUSSEAU From Discourse on the Origin of Inequality (1755) -- ADAM SMITH From The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) -- VOLTAIRE "Ancients and Moderns," from Philosophical Dictionary (1764) -- CESARE BECCARIA From On Crimes and Punishments (1764) -- CATHERINE THE GREAT From Instructions to the Legislative Commission (1767) -- EDWARD GIBBON From The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776) -- THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE (1776) -- IMMANUEL KANT From What Is Enlightenment? (1784) -- THOMAS PAINE From The Age of Reason, Part II (1795) -- Key Questions -- QUESTION 1: WAS THERE AN ENLIGHTENMENT FOR WOMEN? -- QUESTION 2: WAS THE ENLIGHTENMENT SECULAR? -- QUESTION 3: WAS THE ENLIGHTENMENT DEMOCRATIC? -- Selected Annotated Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author and Contributors.

Cover -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Editors' Preface -- Introduction -- Part I Interpreting Enlightenment Principles -- 1 The Sceptical Enlightenment: Philosopher Travellers Look Back at Europe -- 2 Education Can Do All -- 3 Kant: the Arch-enlightener -- 4 Kant, Property and the General Will -- 5 Can Enlightenment Morality be Justified Teleologically? -- 6 Ganging A'gley -- Part II Assessing the Enlightenment Roots of Modernity -- 7 English Conservatism and Enlightenment Rationalism -- 8 Four Assumptions About Human Nature -- 9 The Enlightenment, the Nation-state and the Primal Patricide of Modernity -- 10 Critique and Enlightenment: Michel Foucault on 'Was ist Aufklärung?' -- 11 The Enlightenment, Contractualism and the Moral Polity -- Index.

Debates about the nature of the Enlightenment date to the eighteenth century, when Imanual Kant himself addressed the question, "What is Enlightenment?" The contributors to this ambitious book offer a paradigm-shifting answer to that now-famous query: Enlightenment is an event in the history of mediation. Enlightenment, they argue, needs to be engaged within the newly broad sense of mediation introduced here-not only oral, visual, written, and printed media, but everything that intervenes, enables, supplements, or is simply in between. With essays addressing infrastructure and genres, associ

1. The official story -- 2. A different side of Kant -- 3. From Hamann to Burke -- 4. Hegel -- 5. From Strauss to Marx -- 6. Forerunners -- 7. Horkheimer/Adorno; Foucault -- 8. Difference critics -- 9. Foucault, Habermas, Rawls -- 10. Assessing Foucault, Habermas, and Rawls -- 11. In defense of Kantian enlightenment.

What is the relationship between contemporary intellectual culture and the European Enlightenment? In Consequences of Enlightenment, Anthony Cascardi argues that postmodern culture does not reject Enlightenment beliefs and explores the link between aesthetics and politics in thinkers as diverse as Habermas, Derrida, Arendt, Nietzsche, Hegel and Wittgenstein