Suchergebnisse

Poljska predstavlja trg s skoraj štiridesetimi milijoni prebivalcev. Gre hkrati za državo izjemne geografske lege, zaradi česar je bilo to ozemlje v zgodovini predmet številnih vojn in konfliktov. V današnjem času pomeni ta lega predvsem prednost. Ima namreč neposreden dostop in možnost gospodarskega sodelovanja s številnimi gospodarsko ter tudi inovacijsko pomembnimi in uspešnimi državami. Inovativnost v podjetništvu se je posebej v zadnjih nekaj letih pokazala kot izjemna konkurenčna prednost. Postala je skoraj nuja, če želi podjetje rasti in se razvijati. Poljska se tega sicer zaveda, vendar v preteklosti njena inovacijska politika ni pokazala vidnejših pozitivnih učinkov. Ob pregledu dimenzij inovativnosti na Poljskem smo ugotovili, da so glede uspešnosti daleč pod povprečjem Evropske unije skoraj v vseh obravnavanih vidikih. Ugotovili smo, da bo morala država v prihodnosti storiti še veliko več, če želi izboljšati inovacijsko uspešnost. Država si je sicer skupaj z Evropsko unijo zastavila ambiciozne cilje in tudi konkretne ukrepe za izboljšanje stanja inovativnosti in nasploh gospodarske uspešnosti države. Lahko le upamo, da bodo tem ciljem aktivno sledili, saj iz izkušenj iz preteklosti vidimo, da ni bilo vedno tako. Če bi državi uspelo pri podjetjih vzbuditi pomen inovativne kulture, potem verjamemo, da bi se inovacijska uspešnost Poljske izboljšala. ; Poland represents a market of almost forty million inhabitants. It is also the country with exceptional geographical location and therefore in the history this territory was a place of numerous wars and conflicts. Nowadays its location is of foremost advantage. It has direct access and the possibility of economic cooperation with a number of economically and innovatively important countries. Innovativeness in entrepreneurship has been shown as a remarkable competitive advantage especially in the last few years. It has become almost a necessity if a company wants to grow and develop. Poland is aware of this, but in the past its innovation policy did not show big positive effects. When reviewing the dimensions of innovativeness in Poland we found that they are far below the European Union average in performance in almost all addressed viewpoints. We found that the state should do more in the future, if they want to improve innovation performance. The country, in cooperation with the European Union, has made ambitious goals as well as concrete measures to improve the state of innovativeness and economic performance generally. We can only hope that they will actively pursue these goals, because from the past experiences of this country we know that it was not always like that. If the country would like to be successful with its enterprises and increase the importance of an innovative culture, then we believe that the innovation performance of Poland can be improved.

The paper poses the question whether the economics of science could be the key to economic methodology. First, the sociology of science, which tries to put science in social context, is described. Then, the economic approach to science, inspired by Tullock, Stigler and Becker, is explained. We point out the problem of circle, according to which putting science in context does not imply relativism as concerns the truth. This conclusion underlines the Popperian message of the paper. Adapted from the source document.

Zadnje desetletje se veliko govori o ogroženosti našega planeta, ki je zaradi vse hitrejšega razvoja industrij in čedalje večje gostote prometa posledica onesnaževanja okolja. Zaradi tega se dandanes srečujemo z enim izmed glavnih okoljskih izzivov, podnebnimi spremembami. Vemo, da onesnaževanje povzročajo vse oblike transporta, a vendar smo se v nalogi omejili samo na cestni promet. In kako bi rešili ta problem? Seveda z uporabo okolju prijaznih vozil. A vendar se tukaj potem srečamo z drugim problemom, kako kupca prepričati v takšen nakup. Zato se bomo v magistrski nalogi osredotočili na dejavnike, ki vplivajo na odločitve o nakupu okolju prijaznih vozil. Reševanja, kako bi kupca pripravili za nakup okolju prijaznega vozila, smo se lotili s spletno anketo (glede različnih okoljskih vprašanj ter nefinančnih in finančnih vidikov). Ker smo želeli videti, kako razmišljajo ljudje izven Slovenije, smo si izbrali dve državi ‒ Španijo in Poljsko (z različnih koncev Evrope). V naši spletni anketi je sodelovalo okoli 350 anketirancev v vsaki državi. Na podlagi okoljskih vprašanj smo anketirance razdelili v tri skupine, kar je bilo zelo smiselno, saj smo tako prišli do njihovih mnenj o okolju in okolju prijaznih vozilih. ; Last decade, there is a lot of talking about the endangerment of our planet due to faster industry development and heavy traffic pollution. Regarding the pollution problem, today we are facing one of the main environment challenges – climate changes. We know, that all kinds of transport causes the pollution, but we nevertheless limited only to road traffic. And how to solve this problem? With use of environmentally friendly vehicles. But again there is another problem, how to convince a consumer to buy that kind of vehicle. That is why we focused on factors that influence on decisions of buying eco-friendly vehicles in our paper work. For solving the problem regarding the decision of buying eco-friendly vehicle, we used a web survey. It contained several different environmental questions and none financial and financial point of views. We wanted to see how people outside of Slovenia are thinking, so we have chosen two countries from different parts of Europe, Spain and Poland. In our web survey, there were about 350 people questioned from each country. Regarding the environmental questions, we divided the interviewees into three groups. That is how we got their opinion about environment and eco-friendly vehicles.

V magistrskem delu obravnavam vpliv svetovne finančne in gospodarske krize, ki je nastala leta 2007 v Združenih državah Amerike ter se nemudoma globalizirala po vseh celinah, na delovanje nevladnih organizacij. V prvi vrsti gre za pereč problem sodobnega sveta, pri čemer pa je za nevladne organizacije, ki delujejo v človekovo dobrobit, značilno, da so večinoma še bolj aktivne v času raznih kriz. Glavni cilj magistrskega dela je ugotoviti, kako je svetovna finančna in gospodarska kriza vplivala na financiranje ter posledično delovanje nevladne organizacije Greenpeace ter s kakšnimi izzivi se dandanes srečujejo nevladne organizacije. Glavne uporabljene metode raziskovanja so metoda pridobivanja podatkov, statistična metoda in primerjalna analiza. Rezultati analize pokažejo, da je obdobje pred nastankom svetovne finančne in gospodarske krize (od leta 2005 do leta 2007) zaznamoval presežek prihodkov nevladne organizacije Greenpeace nad njenimi odhodki. V obdobju med svetovno finančno in gospodarsko krizo (od leta 2008 do leta 2009) je prišlo do upada presežka njenih prihodkov nad odhodki, obdobje po nastanku svetovne finančne in gospodarske krize (od leta 2010 do leta 2015) pa je zaznamovalo konstantno nihanje presežka njenih prihodkov nad odhodki. Na podlagi ugotovitev je nevladna organizacija Greenpeace v obdobju od leta 2008 do leta 2009 zaradi vpliva svetovne finančne in gospodarske krize beležila upad subvencij, dotacij, regresov, kompenzacij in drugih prihodkov ter posledično namenila manj finančnih sredstev za globalne okoljevarstvene aktivnosti. ; This master's thesis discuss the impact of the global financial and economic crisis, that emerged in 2007 in the United States and immediately globalized across all continents, to the functioning of non-governmental organizations. It represents a pressing problem of the modern world, wherefore non-governmental organizations are more active in times of various crises. The main goal of the master's thesis is to find out how the global financial and economic crisis affected non-governmental organization's Greenpeace financing and functioning and furthermore with what kind of challenges are non-governmental organizations encountered these days. The main methods of research used are the method of data acquisition, statistical method and comparative analysis. The results of the analysis show that the period preceding the onset of the global financial and economic crisis (from 2005 to 2007) was marked by a surplus of the non-governmental organization Greenpeace. In the period between the global financial and economic crisis (from 2008 to 2009) the surplus reduced. The period after the onset of the global financial and economic crisis (from 2010 to 2015) was marked by a constant fluctuation in the surplus. On the basis of the findings non-governmental organization Greenpeace due to the impact of the global financial and economic crisis (from 2008 to 2009) recorded a decline in subsidies, grants, regressions, compensations and other revenues, wherefore devoted less financial resources to global environmental activities.

V današnjem času se soočamo s številnimi varnostnimi grožnjami, med katerimi se pojavljajo tudi naravne nesreče, (ne)nalezljive bolezni ter lakota in žeja. Vpliv na manifestacijo teh groženj je moč posredno ali neposredno pripisati tudi stanju v našem okolju. V Evropi Zahodni Balkan izstopa s slabšim stanjem okolja in z višjo stopnjo okoljske degradacije v primerjavi s preostalimi regijami na kontinentu. V tem magistrskem delu sem preučeval stanje okolja v državah Zahodnega Balkana ter njegovo povezavo z varnostno paradigmo. Pri tem sem uporabil kombinacijo različnih raziskovalnih metod: analiza primarnih in sekundarnih virov, deskriptivna metoda, metoda primerjalne analize ter analiza statističnih podatkov. Prek analize sem ugotovil povezanost med stanjem okolja in varnostnimi grožnjami. Najvišjo stopnjo ogrožanja zaradi stanja okolja sta po indikatorjih imeli BiH in Črna gora, medtem ko sta najnižjo stopnjo ogrožanja zaradi stanja okolja imeli Severna Makedonija in Albanija. Pozitivni del okoljske varnostne paradigme Zahodnega Balkana, v primerjavi s preteklostjo, so zvišanje kakovosti vodnih virov ; gradnja sanitarne, vodne in okolju prijazne energetske infrastrukture, ter izboljšanje pravnih in regulativnih okvirjev za zaščito in varovanje okolja. Kljub napredku se Zahodni Balkan še vedno sooča z nekaterimi okoljskimi izzivi, kot so slabo stanje ozračja, slabo upravljanje z odpadki, ter slaba implementacija okoljskih strategij in pravnih aktov. Države Zahodnega Balkana bodo tako v prihodnosti morale še veliko postoriti za izboljšanje stanja svojega okolja, s čimer bi se znižala ogroženost ljudi, ki na tem prostoru živijo. ; We are currently facing numerous security threats, including natural disasters, diseases, hunger, and thirst. Some of the influence for the manifestation of these threats can be ascribed, either directly or indirectly, to the condition of our environment. In Europe, the region of the Western Balkans stands out as being in one of the worst environmental conditions and having some of the worst levels of environmental degradation, when compared to other regions. In this Master's thesis I studied the condition of the environment in the states of the Western Balkans and its connection with the security paradigm. I utilised the following research methods: primary and secondary source analysis, descriptive method, comparative analysis, and statistical analysis. Through this analysis I established the connection between the condition of the environment and security threats. According to the indicators, the two states with the highest security risk due to environmental conditions were Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro, while the two states which had the lowest risk were North Macedonia and Albania. The positive parts of the environmental security paradigm of the Western Balkans, when compared to the past, are the increase in the quality of water sources, the construction of sanitation and water treatment infrastructure, the construction of environmentally friendly energy infrastructure, and the improvement of legal and regulatory frameworks for the protection of the environment. Despite this progress, the Western Balkans are still facing problems such as poor air quality, inadequate waste management, and poor implementation of environmental strategies and legal acts. The states of the Western Balkans, therefore, still have a long way to go in order to improve the condition of their environment, which would also lower the security threat to the people who live in the region.