Suchergebnisse

On 27 September, 2014, the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov MSU celebrated the 60th anniversary of the dean Alexander Auzan in the form of a scientific discussion. The subject matter of the symposium was "The institutional issues of the long-term socio-economic dynamics". The symposium was attended by more than 400 people including I. Abankina, T. Abankina, A. Aksakov, L. Alexeyeva, A. Arkhangelsky, Y. Beletsky, A. Dolgin, R. Enikolopov, S. Glazyev, A. Gnedovsky, A. Isaykin, R. Kapelyushnikov, G. Kleiner, B. Lapidus, A. Levinson, P. Medvedev, A. Nechayev, R. Nureev, L. Ovcharova, V. Polterovich, K. Rogov, A. Savatyugin, S. Shapiguzov, B. Skvortsov, G. Tosunyan, K. Zimarin, D. Zimin, N. Zubarevich.
Elvira Nabiullina, a graduate of the Faculty and the head of the Faculty's Board of Trustees, opened the symposium. Alexander Auzan presented the keynote speech where he addressed such topics as path dependence, modernization as an issue and as a hypothesis, the role of informal institutions and universities. The discussion was moderated by Ilya Lomakin-Rumyantsev, the vice-president of the Faculty's Development Council.
The path dependence problem is presented in the article from an interdisciplinary perspective. First insights into this problem appeared in the writings of Russian philosophers of the late XIX - early XX century, long before the American economists received the Nobel Prize for framing of the problem. Later the problem was specified in quantitative studies, followed by some versions of explanations. The new political economy raises the question of what can be done to cope with the problem and why certain hypotheses have failed. Individual studies of the author and his colleagues are primarily related to the role of universities.

The paper offers an overview of the trends and patterns behind researchers' focus shifting from strategies to business models in the sphere of management. Methodologically, the study rests on the set of traditional theories included in the strategic management paradigm, as well as the concepts of business models and platform economy. The authors examine various standpoints on the correlation between the terms "strategy" and "business model" in management and trace the genesis and prerequisites for the emergence of theoretical foundations that underlied business management in the 20th-21st centuries. We identify a number of factors behind the transition to a short-term model of company management. The paper demonstrates that a shift in the basic analytical management construct is due to heterogeneous elements of organization management, transformation of management logic "from the present to the future", the inclusion of microenvironment in the business ecosystem, etc. The research results can be of use in further empirical studies and in devising the methodological approaches to the development of relevant management tools based on the concept of business models.

В статье исследуются основные подходы к определению сущности социального управления и контроля. Автор прослеживает эволюционирование представлений о социальном управлении и контроле в социально-философских и социологических концепциях. Особое внимание уделено рассмотрению различных концепций и подходов к интерпретации понятия и сути социального контроля.

Report about the book «Russian abroad: sources of historical researches, their evolution»

In this paper, we review antennas from the radio wave band to the optical band. The main characteristics of the antennas determining their operation are given. The class of nano-patch antennas (NPA) of the visible and near-infrared ranges is distinguished. The advantage of nano-patch antennas is the good directivity of the antenna radiation and the significant Purcell factor (>102 –103 ), while the technology for creating these antennas is quite simple. The paper also presents various types of photon radiation sources in NPA, among which molecular complexes, quantum dots and color centers in diamonds can be distinguished. On the basis of nano-patch antennas with quantum dots and color centers in nanodiamonds, it is possible to create sources of single photons with picosecond decay rates. The comparison of the characteristics of NPA depending on the shape of plasmon nanoparticles is presented.

A way out of the crisis state of the world economic system of capitalism, in which it is located due to the accumulation of a large number of insolvable contradictions, can be a radical change in the socio-economic structure of world economy. And what the future socio-economic system will look like will be influenced by various mechanisms of the "controlled" global chaos of the current geopolitical and geo-economic situation. One of the main such mechanisms is undoubtedly the established economic system of neocolonialism, which was the basis of the development of capitalism of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century. The form of neo-colonialism changed throughout its development. These transformations were accompanied by the evolution of scientists' views on this economic category. This article discusses the transformation in the views of scientist, leading experts and politicians from different corners of the world on neocolonialism, which began its existence in the second half of the twentieth century and currently exists.

Current transition to mega-regulation is the main trend of the financial regulatory reform. The paper examines this transition in a historical context as a natural result of evolution of the industrial organisation under globalization and conglomeration of financial sector. Alternative models of mega-regulation are dicussed: the "integral" approach, under which regulatory functions are concentrated within a single body, and the model of "twin peaks", when regulatory mandates are distributed between two institutions on the functional principle (macro stability and consumer financial protection). We prove that despite current bias towards integrated approach, demerging of regulators within the framework of the "twin peaks" model has a key advantage of eliminating intra-institutional regulatory trade-offs.

The goal of the present paper is to establish stages of evolution of approaches towards the understanding of nature of the economic entity. Importance of this analysis is based on the fact that both the understanding of this entity and terminology used to describe it has many contradictions. I propose and demonstrate the hypothesis that this evolution includes three stages (the first of them includes a separate substage). It is demonstrated that the economic entity represents now a more large notion than the firm, being rather an operator of non-market commercial transactions. The term «metafirm» is proposed to describe this operator. An example of metafirm is given, differences between the metafirm and the firm and the hybrid are described.

The article analyzes Karamzin's story Julia in its relation to the literary source - the novel Julie, or the New Heloise by Jean-Jacques Rousseau - and to the late stories, written by Karamzin (A Knight of Our Times, My Confession, The Sensitive and the Cold). Comparative analysis proves that Julia is highly dependent on the Rousseau's works, but at the same time contains all the structural elements developed in Karamzin's later stories. Julia is a didactic story; its heroes read Heloise and Emile, comparing their actions with the instructions in these books. Disagreement with the Rousseau's ideas is expressed not by the author, but by the heroine, while at the compositional level the Rousseauist pathos, on the contrary, is affirmed. Three late stories (A Knight of Our Times, My Confession, The Sensitive and the Cold) share a rather simple plot scheme - or content core - Rousseauist love triangle, which includes characters contrasted by the criterion of 'sensitivity'. They should be considered as variants of one idea, because they are created at the same time, are based on the plot model from Jean-Jacques Rousseau's novel Julie, or the New Heloise and reflect Karamzin's divergence with Rousseau's views. Moreover, it is noticeable that in these texts the novel structure became visible and the type of conflict situation was changed. It is not a moral choice between virtue and vice, but a conflict between the artist and the crowd, which is explained by Karamzin's reorientation to the German novel tradition, in particular, to the genre of the Bildungsroman. This fact allows us to trace Karamzin's creative evolution, expressed in rethinking given plot models and character schemes. A comparison of A Knight of Our Times, My Confession and The Sensitive and the Cold not with foreign sources (works of Rousseau and Goethe), but with an earlier story by Karamzin himself allows us to explicate the specific features of the period of 1799-1803.

The article is devoted to the issue, which has not been actually studied in bibliology and culture studies − the origin and formation of noniction books and periodicals as an independent genre in Russia. Indeed, today, when the circulation of popular science periodicals dropped by several orders of magnitude compared with the end of the 1980s, it seems highly improbable that in Russia, destroyed by the First World War and the Civil War, that popular scientiic literature amounted more than a third (36 %) of total books production. Even political literature noticeably lagged behind this igure. Based on rich archival, bibliographic and statistical material of the second half of the XVIII − beginning of the XXI century, found in the inaccessible primary sources, many of which have become a rarity, the author makes an attempt to reconstruct the social mechanisms of formation of the popular science genre. It is shown that one can not speak about the popular science genre as a once and for all formed phenomenon. The complexity of a clear deinition of the genre of scientiic popularization is explained by the fact that this genre is essentially historical. The author suggests using a model of the historical dynamics of the popular science genre he has developed – "Popular Science" / "Industrial Education" / "Entertaining Science" / "Nauchpop" (Popular Science 2.0) – in the analysis of the evolution of forms of popularization of science in Russia. It is shown that in our country the development of scientiic popularization began approximately a century later than in the West, having bypassed the Popular Science stage. In fact, this stage was combined with the stage of the "Industrial Education". It is important to keep in mind, at least in order to adequately deine the subject in the course of today's multiple discussions about the place and role of science popularization in society.

The article examines the development of the US Arctic policy which is reflected in the US strategic documents. The author examines the evolution of doctrinal purposes from those focusing on environmental issues and regional cooperation to those focusing on logistics, security and military infrastructure. The evolution of the US strategic documents is considered in the context of the activities of such actors as Russia, Canada, China and a number of international organizations in the Arctic region. Contradictions and existing and prospective areas of cooperation are noted. The author shows the immutability of the US key strategic guidelines of the United States aimed at securing the status of an Arctic power for the United States and ensuring the promotion and protection of the US interests in the region. ; В статье рассматривается развитие арктической политики США, нашедшее отражение в документах стратегического планирования. Автор рассматривает эволюцию доктринальных установок от сосредоточенных на вопросах экологии и постулирующих необходимость регионального сотрудничества до акцентирующих вопросы логистики, безопасности и военной инфраструктуры. Эволюция стратегических установок рассматривается в контексте деятельности в арктическом регионе таких акторов, как Россия, Канада, Китай и ряда международных организаций. Отмечаются противоречия, существующие и перспективные направления сотрудничества. Автор показывает неизменность ключевых стратегических установок США, направленных на закрепление за США статуса арктической державы и обеспечение продвижения и защиты интересов государства в регионе.

The article describes the evolution of the social structure of Abkhazia and Samurzakano in 1810-1870-ies. The author draw a parallel with a similar process in the territory of Georgia. It reveals the role of the supreme power in these areas for the development of the social structure of the region. The materials were documents of the state archive of the Krasnodar territory introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the legislative acts of the Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. The study methods were the principles of objectivity, historicism, consistency and maximum possible neutrality of the relationship of the researcher to interpret and evaluate the factual material. The historico-comparative method is of great importance in the work, like others, it is not of a general nature, moreover, its application is substantially limited. Therefore, the comparison needs to be applied in complex two opposite forms. This comparison was conducted when comparing the same cycle on two neighboring areas, which are located under the authority of the ruler, and the second under the rule of the Russian administration. In conclusion, it is noted that the period of 1810-1870-ies became a period of economic stagnation for Abkhazia and Samurzakano. The reasons for this were not the some inherent weakness of the ruler of Abkhazia Mikhail Shervashidze, but his course on the traditional way of life. Mikhail Shervashidze simply didn't want to change anything in the structure of society. He was quite satisfied with the nobility, the gods, serfs and slaves, only in such a system of values the ruler was needed as the supreme authority. At the same time, for the development of capitalist relations, both in the city and in the countryside, a completely different tooling was required. This toolkit was effectively tested on another neighboring territory, on the territory of Georgia. © 2017 by Sochi State University.