When Western liberalism won the battle over fascism and communism, it declared 'the end of history'. The fall of the Berlin Wall and WTC towers has shaken this illusion to the ground. Carl Schmitt treated WWII as the beginning of the fall of Westphalian system. For this reason Schmitt proclaimed political theology as the means for Western identity's renewal. This notion coined by the Stoic Panaetius referred to the essential dependence of political and cultural phenomena on religion. Schmitt's version of political theology showed a way out of crisis and was at the same time incompatible with liberal dogmas of tolerance, political correctness and multiculturalism.
When Western liberalism won the battle over fascism and communism, it declared 'the end of history'. The fall of the Berlin Wall and WTC towers has shaken this illusion to the ground. Carl Schmitt treated WWII as the beginning of the fall of Westphalian system. For this reason Schmitt proclaimed political theology as the means for Western identity's renewal. This notion coined by the Stoic Panaetius referred to the essential dependence of political and cultural phenomena on religion. Schmitt's version of political theology showed a way out of crisis and was at the same time incompatible with liberal dogmas of tolerance, political correctness and multiculturalism.
In Lithuania, the politics of history center on Lithuania's Soviet occupation and post-war resistance, while in Russia the focus is on the USSR's victory in WWII and the USSR's role in the liberation of Europe from fascism. I argue that the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia create mutually exclusive, institutionalized, bipolar historical structures, according to which justice for one nationality is presented as an injustice to another. This article draws on the analysis of the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia as well as my own ethnographic research in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda among Lithuanian Russian-speakers and Lithuanians in 2016–2017. I show how in Lithuania, the politics of history surrounding WWII commemorations create the political exclusion of Russian speakers, which is experienced and unmade by personal justice and reconciliation stories of Lithuanian Russian-speakers as well as Lithuanians. In the context of geopolitical insecurity, which intensified after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, bipolar historical structures gain increasing significance as political tools; they are an outcome of both Lithuania's and Russia's politics of history.
In Lithuania, the politics of history center on Lithuania's Soviet occupation and post-war resistance, while in Russia the focus is on the USSR's victory in WWII and the USSR's role in the liberation of Europe from fascism. I argue that the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia create mutually exclusive, institutionalized, bipolar historical structures, according to which justice for one nationality is presented as an injustice to another. This article draws on the analysis of the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia as well as my own ethnographic research in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda among Lithuanian Russian-speakers and Lithuanians in 2016–2017. I show how in Lithuania, the politics of history surrounding WWII commemorations create the political exclusion of Russian speakers, which is experienced and unmade by personal justice and reconciliation stories of Lithuanian Russian-speakers as well as Lithuanians. In the context of geopolitical insecurity, which intensified after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, bipolar historical structures gain increasing significance as political tools; they are an outcome of both Lithuania's and Russia's politics of history.
In Lithuania, the politics of history center on Lithuania's Soviet occupation and post-war resistance, while in Russia the focus is on the USSR's victory in WWII and the USSR's role in the liberation of Europe from fascism. I argue that the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia create mutually exclusive, institutionalized, bipolar historical structures, according to which justice for one nationality is presented as an injustice to another. This article draws on the analysis of the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia as well as my own ethnographic research in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda among Lithuanian Russian-speakers and Lithuanians in 2016–2017. I show how in Lithuania, the politics of history surrounding WWII commemorations create the political exclusion of Russian speakers, which is experienced and unmade by personal justice and reconciliation stories of Lithuanian Russian-speakers as well as Lithuanians. In the context of geopolitical insecurity, which intensified after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, bipolar historical structures gain increasing significance as political tools; they are an outcome of both Lithuania's and Russia's politics of history.
In Lithuania, the politics of history center on Lithuania's Soviet occupation and post-war resistance, while in Russia the focus is on the USSR's victory in WWII and the USSR's role in the liberation of Europe from fascism. I argue that the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia create mutually exclusive, institutionalized, bipolar historical structures, according to which justice for one nationality is presented as an injustice to another. This article draws on the analysis of the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia as well as my own ethnographic research in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda among Lithuanian Russian-speakers and Lithuanians in 2016–2017. I show how in Lithuania, the politics of history surrounding WWII commemorations create the political exclusion of Russian speakers, which is experienced and unmade by personal justice and reconciliation stories of Lithuanian Russian-speakers as well as Lithuanians. In the context of geopolitical insecurity, which intensified after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, bipolar historical structures gain increasing significance as political tools; they are an outcome of both Lithuania's and Russia's politics of history.
By comparing with last centuries, the twentieth century has produced extremes. Its earliest part was a benign continuation of the peace of the nineteenth century. But this calm before the storm was followed by the World War I, communism, hyperinflation, fascism, depression, the World War II, and the Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe. There followed a period of comparative stability, punctuated by the balance of terror of the Cold War, the Nato Alliance, and decolonialism. Toward the end of the century the Cold War ended, the Soviet Empire was dismantled, democracy emerged in Eastern Europe, the Americana flourished and the euro came. The twentieth century began with a highly efficient international monetary system that was destroyed in World War I, and its bungled recreation in the inter-war period brought on the great depression, Hitler and the World War II. The new arrangements that succeeded it depended more on the dollar policies of the Federal Reserve System than on the discipline of gold itself. In the new arrangements, which were ratified at Bretton Woods in 1944, countries were required to establish parities fixed in gold and maintain fixed exchange rates to one another. With the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system, money supplies became more elastic, accommodating not only inflationary wage developments but also the monopolistic pricing of internationally traded commodities. Foreign Exchange trading describes trading in the many currencies of the world. It is the largest and the least regulated market providing the greatest liquidity to investors. Currencies are traded electronically by dealers in trading rooms of banks and financial institutions in the major global financial centers. These centers are: London, New York , Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo, Sydney. Technical analysis relies on the principle that "history always repeats itself". Common indicators that dealers use in their forecasting include the Moving Average (MA), the Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD), the Relative Strength Index (RSI) and the Momentum Index. Not all strategies of technical analysis for trading currencies live long. The aim of this work is to find one. Analyzing strategy is using simple technical analysis. It's not confusing for the beginners and good tool for the pro too.
By comparing with last centuries, the twentieth century has produced extremes. Its earliest part was a benign continuation of the peace of the nineteenth century. But this calm before the storm was followed by the World War I, communism, hyperinflation, fascism, depression, the World War II, and the Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe. There followed a period of comparative stability, punctuated by the balance of terror of the Cold War, the Nato Alliance, and decolonialism. Toward the end of the century the Cold War ended, the Soviet Empire was dismantled, democracy emerged in Eastern Europe, the Americana flourished and the euro came. The twentieth century began with a highly efficient international monetary system that was destroyed in World War I, and its bungled recreation in the inter-war period brought on the great depression, Hitler and the World War II. The new arrangements that succeeded it depended more on the dollar policies of the Federal Reserve System than on the discipline of gold itself. In the new arrangements, which were ratified at Bretton Woods in 1944, countries were required to establish parities fixed in gold and maintain fixed exchange rates to one another. With the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system, money supplies became more elastic, accommodating not only inflationary wage developments but also the monopolistic pricing of internationally traded commodities. Foreign Exchange trading describes trading in the many currencies of the world. It is the largest and the least regulated market providing the greatest liquidity to investors. Currencies are traded electronically by dealers in trading rooms of banks and financial institutions in the major global financial centers. These centers are: London, New York , Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo, Sydney. Technical analysis relies on the principle that "history always repeats itself". Common indicators that dealers use in their forecasting include the Moving Average (MA), the Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD), the Relative Strength Index (RSI) and the Momentum Index. Not all strategies of technical analysis for trading currencies live long. The aim of this work is to find one. Analyzing strategy is using simple technical analysis. It's not confusing for the beginners and good tool for the pro too.
