Suchergebnisse

Automatic milking systems (AMS) have aroused worldwide interest recently. The first installation was by the company Lely in a project in the Netherlands (its homeland) in 1992. But nowadays, AMS represents a growing reality due to lobby for labor issues, rising costs, difficulty finding well-trained workers, and/ or difficulty keeping people on farms. This work aimed to present a review of the literature on AMS, beginning with a brief history of the evolution of the technology, showing advantages and limitations of its use, and ultimately giving some suggestions. The understanding of the technical functioning and operational running can help farmers and technicians in decision making on the adoption of the new technology. Besides workforce reduction and labor quality promotion, AMS has potential to improve feed conversion to milk, milk quality (with lower SCC), and cow productivity, as well as providing useful data and parameters for better farm management. Potential limitations include high investment costs, changes in milk composition (solids, free fatty acids), and increased risk of ketosis in cows.

Il saggio esamina alcune problematiche del rapporto tra Firenze e l'impero ottomano secondo le più recenti acquisizioni della storiografia sull'età laurenziana. Si tratta di relazioni che conoscono un salto di qualità negli anni '70 e '80, per effetto degli interessi economici nel Mediterraneo, della rivalità con Venezia e della possibile strumentalizzazione del pericolo turco contro Ferrante re di Napoli. Nella prospettiva della crociata cristiana di fronte alla conquista turca di Otranto (1480), tali tematiche si intrecciano anche con l'interesse degli ambienti culturali medicei, specialmente di Marsilio Ficino, per una lettura irenica dei rapporti con l'Islam. ; The papers aims to analyse the complex attitude of the Florentine politics, leaded by the Medici family, towards the Ottoman empire. Relations with Turkish rulers are strengthened during the 70s and 80s, because of economic interests in the Mediterranean, the rivalry with Venice and of the possible exploitation of the turkish menace against the Neapolitan king Ferrante. In view of the Christian crusade before the Turkish conquest of Otranto (1480), these issues are intertwined with the interests of the Medicean cultural environments, especially of Marsilio Ficino, for a pacifistic interpretation of the relations with the Islam.