Today, the publicity and the scientific community, businessmen and officials pay much attention to the food security problem. However, despite this, it is not solved. This problem has even become global. An analysis of the existing approaches to the definition of "food security" is given in the article. A more systematic and comprehensive definition of this term is formulated on the basis of this study. Moreover, the legislation of the world's countries, in particular Ukrainian legislation, aimed at solving the food security problem are investigated. A food market forming mechanism is first proposed in the work. It depends on the impact of international politics and political conditions in the country, as well as on the state structure and level of state regulation. This mechanism includes three main interrelated elements: the organizational and economic food production mechanism, the degree of technological development, and the population`s lifestyle. Also a model is developed for the formation of food security through the formation of food markets.
The article deals with the highlighting of problem of food hygiene at the First All-Ukrainian sanitary-food congress in 1934 year. The food is one of the main lever, which creating the harmony of the human's body and the environment, contributes, in a certain way, to the health and ability of the body to counteract of the influence of unfavorable factors. Violation of the main dominant food causes a number of diseases – from the reduction of the immune status of the organism to the nutritional diseases. The safety of consumed food has always been topical. Therefore, problems of improving the quality of food in the population were also considered at the First All-Ukrainian sanitary-food congress. In Ukrainian historiography there are no solid scientific investigations concerning the coverage of the activities of the First All-Ukrainian sanitary-food congress are determined. The purpose of the article is to highlight the problems of food hygiene at the First All-Ukrainian Sanitary and Food Congress in 1934 year. The methodology of this research is based on a set of principles of objectivity, history and system ana lysis of facts and events. The First All-Ukrainian sanitary-food congress proposed of measures creating a high sanitary culture on food enterprises and producing of high-quality food products for the population of the country is elucidated. In particular, the following main questions were addressed: sanitation of public catering and food industry; prophylactic of food poisoning; unification of chemical-bacteriological research of food products, as well as refinement and improvement of the methodology of these researches; food law. Summing up the work, the First All-Ukrainian sanitary-food congress approved the important regulations, the implementation of which improved the food of the population of the country in the second half of the 30th year of the twentieth century.However, at the congress, no words were spoken about excessive grain procurement plans for communist rule in 1932-1933 years, which led ...
One of the important elements of national, urban and biosphere identity is the local cuisine, as a code that forms and translates certain values. Recently, in the US and Europe, the direction of interdisciplinary research has become relevant, which combining the problems of food, environmental ethics and safety. In the context of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, the risk of food insecurity is growing, especially in countries dependent on food imports. A pandemic offers the opportunity to transform food systems. Agribusiness is aimed at uninterrupted supply of cheap, unified food. The world trade market is quite pragmatic, it responds to the needs of trends in Western society, because it is a source of income and the basis of modern resource allocation. Concerned about the potential threat to food security during the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries and organizations are working hard to provide affordable food to consumers who can still access and buy food despite restrictions on movement and loss of income, as well as safe rural management farms. The purpose of the article is the implementation of the environmental aspects of identity in modern urban research. The article deals with the development of the 'Slow Food' movement in Ukraine. The movement supports farmers, studies and promotes local products, traditional recipes, and supports the biodiversity of species. In Ukraine, volunteers of the movement for more than ten years have been proving that food should be produced not only in environmentally friendly conditions, but also without harm to the environment, wildlife, society. Dnipro, Kyiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Simferopol and Chernihiv represent the cities of Ukraine. Bessarabia, Volyn, Galicia, Carpathians, Crimea and Podillia - present the 'culinary dialects' of the regions. Unlike other countries, Ukrainian primary centers are informal associations of enthusiasts who, at their own expense, embody the Slow Food philosophy and take part in the preserving and promotion of traditional foods. But most importantly is a movement of volunteers to help Ukraine to save landscapes and food independence which is based on on local products. Environmental aspects of urban life, the question of what plans we build them , for a long time they remained secondary to political and socio-economic problems. There are many initiatives now and the townspeople are addressing these issues, but they are not yet at the time. Odessa may become one of the sitopic cities of Ukraine. The creation of new lokal spaces and practices for the social cohesion and safe food for Odessa citizens contributes to the successful implementation of Cittaslow principles. An analysis of the trend towards more conscious consumption and understanding of the problems in the current food system will contribute to the development of gastronomic tourism. It is proved that Odessa can become one of the sitopic cities of Ukraine. Due to the creation of new lokal spaces and practices aimed at creating social cohesion and safe food for Odessa citizens, the principles of Cittaslow, a slow and environmentally friendly city, are being successfully implemented. ; Одним із важливих елементів біосферної, національної та міської ідентичності є локальна кухня як код, що формує і транслює певні цінності. Останнім часом у США та Європі актуалізується напрям міждисциплінарних досліджень, який об'єднує проблеми їжі, екологічної етики та безпеки. В умовах пандемії коронавируса COVID-19 посилюється необхідність гарантування продовольчої безпеки, особливо в країнах, що залежать від імпорту продуктів харчування. Агробізнес спрямований на безперебійне постачання дешевої, уніфікованої їжі. Ринок світової торгівлі досить прагматичний, він реагує на потреби трендів західного суспільства, бо це є і джерело прибутків, і основа сучасного розподілу ресурсів. Стривожені потенційною загрозою для продовольчої безпеки під час пандемії COVID-19, багато країн і організації докладають особливих зусиль для забезпечення доступними продуктами харчування споживачів, які все ще можуть отримати доступ і купити продукти, попри обмеження руху і втрати доходу, а також для безпечного ведення сільського господарства. Метою статті є імплементація екологічних аспектів національної та біосферної ідентичності в сучасні міські дослідження. Стаття присвячена розвитку руху Slow Food в Україні. Рух підтримує фермерів, вивчає і просуває локальні продукти і традиційні рецепти, підтримує біорізноманіття продуктів, рецептів і страв. В Україні волонтери руху вже більше десяти років доводять, що їжа повинна бути вироблена не тільки в екологічно чистих умовах, але й не завдавати шкоди навколишньому середовищу, тваринному світу, життю суспільства. Аналіз тенденції більш свідомого споживання та розуміння проблем у нинішній системі харчування сприятиме розвитку гастрономічного туризму. Доводиться, що Одеса може стати одним із сітопічних міст України. Внаслідок створення нових локаворських просторів та практик заради соціальної згуртованостї та безпечної їжі для одеситів успішно реалізуються приципи Cittaslow – повільного та екобезпечного міста.
Introduction. Food security is an integral component of the hierarchical division of "food safety of a person – region – country – world", which in turn forms national security. The issues of food security at any level requires comprehensive theoretical and methodological analysis, because there is no clear system of definitions, methods and models that would be generally accepted. The absence of a common approach to the study of food safety demonstrated by scientific controversy regarding the principles of its provision — globalization or sustainability (food autarchy). The need to develop an effective model of food security ensuring is confirmed not only by the needs of economic theory, but also by the demands of reality.The aim is to study the concept of self-sufficient development of society and analysis of food security of Ukraine in the context of socio-economic and political self-sufficiency of the country.Methods. Monographic method, theoretical generalization, systematization, synthesis and analysis are used to determine the main approaches to substantiating the model of food security of the country.Results. The nature of autarchy in the context of existing research is revealed. The scientific approaches to autarchy as a kind of policy, peculiarities of their usage in theoretical researches and economic practice are shown. The integration model of food security ensuring is offered on the principles of autarchy — self-sufficiency of the country and self-sufficiency of a person.Originality. An author's approach to the definition of autarchy was formed. Autarchy is a level of ensuring the national sovereignty of the country by the optimal ratio of domestic production, consumption and external exchanges — economic, informational, cultural and civilizational, resource, political, military, humanitarian based on the principle of independence as a basis for the security of the country. Food autarchy is the subordination of the principles of foreign trade to the principles of the priority of a domestic producer and human-centeredness, which is based on human safety.Conclusion. As a result of systematized approaches to the definition of autarchy as a self-sufficiency, the model of food security of Ukraine is proposed. This model contributes to solving socio-economic (growth of efficiency of the agricultural sector, sustainable development of rural areas, unemployment), demographic (prolonging of life expectancy, public health improving), environmental (organic production, reduction of harmful emissions to the environment) and energy (energy-saving technologies, increased usage of renewable energy) issues.
Introduction Energy and food production are so strongly associated, that actions in one area usually affect the other. To ensure energy and food security by increasing efficiency, reducing negative interaction, building synergies and improving governance we investigated relations in food-energy system.Purpose. Ensuring the cross-sectoral nature of the evaluation through the involvement of agriculture and energy sectors is one of the most difficult tasks. In order to ensure energy and food security by increasing efficiency, reducing negative interactions, increasing synergy and improving leadership, it is necessary to study the relationship of food and energy. This set the goal of the article - to ensure the rational and efficient use of the available resource potential of the internal food and energy sector.Methods. Methodological basis of the research were general scientific methods of cognition, in particular, abstract-logical, system and logical analysis, economic analysis, correlation-regression analysis, modeling. The information base of the study was legislative and government acts of Ukraine, official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.Results. The purpose of the article is to ensure the rational and efficient use of the available resource potential of the domestic food and energy sectors.The analysis of dynamics of production of agriculture and food industry was carried out. The agricultural sector of Ukraine is one of the leading branch of the national economy, which recently has positioned itself as a factor of economic growth and attractor that provides food security. However, Ukrainian agriculture is in a very difficult situation for a number of reasons.Ukrainian energy sector, its structure and energy intensity has been analyzed. Given the country's dependence on imports of such energy resources as gas and oil, high energy intensity limits the competitiveness of domestic production and poses a heavy burden on the economy. The use of non-renewable energy sources is one of the main reasons for the crisis state of the environment, and it is expedient to develop the domestic renewable energy. The state of production of renewable energy sources was investigated. The use of renewable energy sources, as well as the development and implementation of new technologies for their development is priority for the economy of our country. However, the feasibility of this approach should be based on the need to ensure food security.Originality. The originality of the paper is to find ways to solve the problem of ensuring the rational and efficient use of the available resource potential of the domestic food and energy sector of Ukraine.Conclusion. The globalization of energy security is linked to the humanitarian and social dimensions. Preserving a situation where a part of humanity has no access to energy resources is threatened by humanitarian catastrophes, growing tension in the world, the emergence of new conflicts and the growing global problems. Only a harmonious combination of bioenergy interests and food security has a prospect of independence and self-sufficiency of countries.
The article goal is to study the ensuring of rational and efficient use of available resource potential of domestic food sector, to reduce negative Ukrainian foreign trade balance and the level of country import dependence as a condition of food country self-sufficiency. Ukraine's agricultural sector is one of the leading industrial subdivisions of the national economy, which in recent years has positioned as a driver of economic growth and an attractor, ensuring food security. However, the agriculture of Ukraine is now in a very difficult situation due to a number of reasons. The problem of food security of Ukraine in the context of self-sufficiency is studied. The analysis of the dynamics of production of major food groups is made. Financial activities of food industry enterprises and their profitability are analyzed. Commodity structure of food export and import is investigated and importexport ratio for commodity food groups is calculated. Thus, given the Ukrainian realities and practical aspects of prospective implementation of the concept of food security in our country, it is necessary to include self-sufficiency of the country in food products in the content essence of this concept. Without denying the priority needs of the population of Ukraine in necessary amount of high-quality, affordable and environmentally sound food products, it is necessary to expand the export of processed food products that requires comprehensive support of domestic producers. ; Досліджено питання забезпечення продовольчої безпеки України в контексті самозабезпечення. Проведено аналіз динаміки виробництва основних груп харчових продуктів. Здійснено аналіз фінансової діяльності підприємств харчової промисловості та їх рентабельності. Досліджено товарну структуру експорту та імпорту продовольства й розраховано коефіцієнт покриття імпорту експортом за товарними продовольчими групами.
Today, at the global level, special importance is given to the food problem. It is the interweaving of the interests of individual, social groups, society and the world community as a whole in terms of meeting the needs of people in food. Food safety is one of the UN's global goals for sustainable development and needs to be studied in details.The purpose of the article is the description of the nature of the global food problem, the identification of its impact on food safety, the study of Ukraine's ranking on the food safety index, the comparative analysis of the values of food safety sub-indices of Ukraine with the average world values, and the establishment of ways to adapt to the new and constantly changing conditions of the global environment.Methodology. The general scientific and special research methods, the method of theoretical generalization, in particular, are used to clarify certain concepts such as «global food problem» and «food safety»; the method of statistical analysis is used to assess the dynamics of Ukraine's ranking in the Global Food Safety Index (GFSI); the method of comparative analysis of the values of Ukraine's food safety sub-indices with average world values is applied.Results of the survey shows the existing approaches to the usage of categories «global food problem» and «food security". The assessment of food safety in Ukraine is confirmed on the values of the Global Food Security Index. It is based on the data published annually by The Economist Intelligence.In the analysis of the food, the safety level of the countries on the global index GFSI was found, it shows that in 2018 Ukraine ranked 63rd place out of 113 countries. In terms of food, the safety sub-indices got high scores and they are fixed at tariffs on agricultural imports and the level of urbanization. The average value of the country was obtained by means of social programs of food support of the population, the safety of food supply; the breadth of the product range, the content of nutrients. Ukraine shows constant GDP per capita, access to financial resources for farms, agricultural infrastructure, volatility of agricultural production, food standards.At the same time, the country has low rates in terms of political stability and level of corruption. Based on the comparative analysis of the values of Ukraine's food safety sub-indices with the average world values, the author determines the possible ways of adaptation to the new and constantly changing conditions of the global environment in order to protect its leading positions in the world market of agricultural products and foodstuffs.Conclusions. The agrarian sector and food industry of Ukraine are able to meet the needs of both in the domestic market and provide leading positions in the world market of agricultural products and food, make a significant contribution to solving the global food problem.At the same time, the admission of Ukraine into the world economic space, the consolidation of globalization processes, trade liberalization need to be adapted to new and constantly changing conditions with further improvement of food standards, the development of agricultural infrastructure, access to financial resources for farms, etc. ; Продовольча безпека входить до переліку глобальних цілей сталого розвитку ООН та потребує детального вивчення. У статті наведено тлумачення термінів «глобальна продовольча проблема» та «продовольча безпека». Досліджено глобалізаційну взаємодію в умовах посилення глобальної продовольчої проблеми. Окреслено нові реалії вирішення продовольчої проблеми на глобальному рівні. Надано детальну характеристику найбільш поширеного індексу продовольчої безпеки GFSI. Наведено рейтинг України за індексом продовольчої безпеки в 2012-2018 роках в цілому та в розрізі субіндексів, зокрема: ціновою доступністю, фізичною доступністю, якістю та безпечністю, природними ресурсами і сталим розвитком. На основі проведеного порівняльного аналізу значень субіндексів продовольчої безпеки України з середніми світовими значеннями, визначено подальші шляхи адаптації до нових та постійно змінних умов глобального середовища задля забезпечення її провідних позицій на світовому ринку сільськогосподарської продукції та продовольства.
Today, at the global level, special importance is given to the food problem. It is the interweaving of the interests of individual, social groups, society and the world community as a whole in terms of meeting the needs of people in food. Food safety is one of the UN's global goals for sustainable development and needs to be studied in details.The purpose of the article is the description of the nature of the global food problem, the identification of its impact on food safety, the study of Ukraine's ranking on the food safety index, the comparative analysis of the values of food safety sub-indices of Ukraine with the average world values, and the establishment of ways to adapt to the new and constantly changing conditions of the global environment.Methodology. The general scientific and special research methods, the method of theoretical generalization, in particular, are used to clarify certain concepts such as «global food problem» and «food safety»; the method of statistical analysis is used to assess the dynamics of Ukraine's ranking in the Global Food Safety Index (GFSI); the method of comparative analysis of the values of Ukraine's food safety sub-indices with average world values is applied.Results of the survey shows the existing approaches to the usage of categories «global food problem» and «food security". The assessment of food safety in Ukraine is confirmed on the values of the Global Food Security Index. It is based on the data published annually by The Economist Intelligence.In the analysis of the food, the safety level of the countries on the global index GFSI was found, it shows that in 2018 Ukraine ranked 63rd place out of 113 countries. In terms of food, the safety sub-indices got high scores and they are fixed at tariffs on agricultural imports and the level of urbanization. The average value of the country was obtained by means of social programs of food support of the population, the safety of food supply; the breadth of the product range, the content of nutrients. Ukraine shows constant GDP per capita, access to financial resources for farms, agricultural infrastructure, volatility of agricultural production, food standards.At the same time, the country has low rates in terms of political stability and level of corruption. Based on the comparative analysis of the values of Ukraine's food safety sub-indices with the average world values, the author determines the possible ways of adaptation to the new and constantly changing conditions of the global environment in order to protect its leading positions in the world market of agricultural products and foodstuffs.Conclusions. The agrarian sector and food industry of Ukraine are able to meet the needs of both in the domestic market and provide leading positions in the world market of agricultural products and food, make a significant contribution to solving the global food problem.At the same time, the admission of Ukraine into the world economic space, the consolidation of globalization processes, trade liberalization need to be adapted to new and constantly changing conditions with further improvement of food standards, the development of agricultural infrastructure, access to financial resources for farms, etc. ; Продовольча безпека входить до переліку глобальних цілей сталого розвитку ООН та потребує детального вивчення. У статті наведено тлумачення термінів «глобальна продовольча проблема» та «продовольча безпека». Досліджено глобалізаційну взаємодію в умовах посилення глобальної продовольчої проблеми. Окреслено нові реалії вирішення продовольчої проблеми на глобальному рівні. Надано детальну характеристику найбільш поширеного індексу продовольчої безпеки GFSI. Наведено рейтинг України за індексом продовольчої безпеки в 2012-2018 роках в цілому та в розрізі субіндексів, зокрема: ціновою доступністю, фізичною доступністю, якістю та безпечністю, природними ресурсами і сталим розвитком. На основі проведеного порівняльного аналізу значень субіндексів продовольчої безпеки України з середніми світовими значеннями, визначено подальші шляхи адаптації до нових та постійно змінних умов глобального середовища задля забезпечення її провідних позицій на світовому ринку сільськогосподарської продукції та продовольства.
The article is devoted to the research of legal status of the producers of agricultural raw materials for infant nutrition in Ukraine. It is established that in the legislation of Ukraine there is no single approach to defining the concept of "an agricultural producer", which may create negative consequences in law enforcement. The article highlights the legal issues of general, special and particular legal personality of producers of plant and animal origin for infant nutrition. According to national legislation, producers of agricultural raw materials for baby nutrition are endowed with a special legal personality, which is manifested through the prism of their obligation to produce high-quality and safe agricultural raw materials. The article analyzes the current legal status of special raw material zones for the production of raw materials used for the manufacture of infant nutrition and dietary nutrition. As of 19 July 2019 the Register of Special Raw Zones includes nine businesses that produce agricultural raw materials for baby nutrition. At the same time, such entities mainly produce milk and raw milk, which is due to the statutory state support of those agricultural enterprises that produce ecologically clean milk and raw milk for baby nutrition in special raw material zones. The need to establish a ban on any use of pesticides in special raw material areas is stressed. It is noted that those agribusiness entities that operate in special raw material areas are able to provide baby nutrition producers with environmentally friendly and safe raw materials of animal and plant origin. At the same time, such entities have almost no advantages over agricultural producers without the status of a special raw material zone. The author emphasizes the negative trend of reducing the number of special raw material zones for the production of raw materials used for the manufacture of baby nutrition. Thus, there is an urgent need to create an effective mechanism of state support for agribusiness entities that have received the status of a special raw material zone. The author concludes that agricultural producers who produce raw materials in special raw material zones are endowed with a particular legal personality. Keywords: agricultural raw materials, agricultural production cooperative, baby food, genetically modified organisms, farming, food quality and safety, pesticides and agrochemicals, special raw material zone.
Серед небезпек, які можуть представляти собою продукти харчування або напої, однією з найбільших є мікробіологічна забрудненість. Велика кількість мікробів, які можуть продукувати токсини, а також високий рівень патогенності деяких із них, підтверджує думку про те, що саме мікробіологічні ризики можуть призводити до тяжких порушень в здоров'ї споживачів. Виявлення та оцінка мікробіологічних ризиків повинна проводитися згідно з міжнародними стандартами якості та безпечності продуктів харчування та контролюватися на державному рівні. Принципи проведення оцінки мікробіологічних ризиків забезпечують виробників чіткими рекомендаціями та стандартами з наявності тих чи інших мікроорганізмів в продуктах харчування, гарантуючи отримання в результаті виробництва безпечного готового продукту ; Among dangers which bear in themselves food or drinks, one of the greatest is microbiological impurity. A large number of microbes which can produce toxins, and also the high level of pathogenicity of some of them, confirms thought of what microbiological risks can lead to heavy violations of health of consumers. Identification and the assessment of microbiological risks has to be carried out according to the international quality standards and safety of food, and to be controlled at the government level. The principles of carrying out an assessment of microbiological risks provides producers with accurate recommendations and standards for existence of these or those microorganisms in food, guaranteeing receiving a safe ready-made product as a result of manufacture
Серед небезпек, які можуть представляти собою продукти харчування або напої, однією з найбільших є мікробіологічна забрудненість. Велика кількість мікробів, які можуть продукувати токсини, а також високий рівень патогенності деяких із них, підтверджує думку про те, що саме мікробіологічні ризики можуть призводити до тяжких порушень в здоров'ї споживачів. Виявлення та оцінка мікробіологічних ризиків повинна проводитися згідно з міжнародними стандартами якості та безпечності продуктів харчування та контролюватися на державному рівні. Принципи проведення оцінки мікробіологічних ризиків забезпечують виробників чіткими рекомендаціями та стандартами з наявності тих чи інших мікроорганізмів в продуктах харчування, гарантуючи отримання в результаті виробництва безпечного готового продукту ; Among dangers which bear in themselves food or drinks, one of the greatest is microbiological impurity. A large number of microbes which can produce toxins, and also the high level of pathogenicity of some of them, confirms thought of what microbiological risks can lead to heavy violations of health of consumers. Identification and the assessment of microbiological risks has to be carried out according to the international quality standards and safety of food, and to be controlled at the government level. The principles of carrying out an assessment of microbiological risks provides producers with accurate recommendations and standards for existence of these or those microorganisms in food, guaranteeing receiving a safe ready-made product as a result of manufacture
In a constantly growing population, the global problem of food security is extremely relevant and needs to be effectively regulated in the framework of international political and economic cooperation. FAO is a world leader in addressing the global food crisis, working to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and addressing specific challenges. before the countries. At the same time, regional regulatory measures are becoming increasingly important, because their development implements real problems of satisfaction in a particular geographical region in terms of conditional production and consumption of food. The population of the planet has been growing steadily for the last five centuries, reaching 427 million by 1500 and 1 billion in 1820: 2 billion in 1927. The modern population explosion began in the 1950's and 1960's. In 1959, the world's population was 3 billion; in 1974 – 4 billion; in 1987 – 5 billion people, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) by 2050 the number will increase to 9.7 billion people, the issue of food security in the world is acute, which will create a food shortage of 1 billion tons of grain and 200 million tons of livestock products. According to the FAO, food security forecasts in the world are disappointing for almost 690 million people. in the world (8.9%) are starving. It is expected that in 2030 their number will increase to 841 million people, which is almost 20% more than in 2019. More than 2 billion people in the world live in medium and complete food danger., 1.03 billion live in Asia, 675 million in Africa, 205 million in Latin America and the Caribbean, 88 million in North America and Europe and 5.9 million in Oceania. The problem of food security, especially acute, arises in developing countries, because the lack of production technologies and manual labor have low production efficiency and do not contribute to enrichment and cause low purchasing power.
The paper focuses on accessibility of food products, which is entirely dependent on the state policies. Thus accessibility is considered in terms of the physical availability and economic accessibility, which is actual in the present conditions of Ukrainian development. That is the thrust due to the low standard of living, a significant fall in the nation's health, crisis demographic and political processes. ; В статье основное внимание уделяется доступности пищевых продуктов, которая полностью зависит от государственной политики. При этом доступность рассматривается с точки зрения физической достаточности и экономической доступности, что является актуальным в современных условиях развития Украины. Именно такая направленность обусловлена низким уровнем жизни населения, значительным падением уровня здоровья нации, кризисными демографическими и политическими процессами. ; В статті основа увага приділяється доступності харчових продуктів, яка повністю залежить від держаної політики. При цьому доступність розглядається з точки зору фізичної достатності та економічної доступності, що є актуальним в сучасних умовах розвитку України. Саме така спрямованість обумовлена низьким рівнем життя населення, значним падінням рівня здоров'я нації, кризовими демографічними та політичними процесами.
Without a doubt agriculture sector is vital part of modern Ukrainian economy. Agriculture is ranked 3rd largest contributor to the national GDP with approx. 17% in 2018 (compared to 14.4% in 2016) of total GDP, followed with industrial sector (26.3%) and services sector (59.3%). It should be noted that it is very promising field in terms of potential economic growth and both regional and international investment opportunities. Food products being a necessity in everyday life of every person. Food and processing industries are the large industries that are interconnected to agricultural cultivation. These industries have great potential to increase the value of agricultural products due to the added value, as not raw materials are sold but finished products that can be consumed in the domestic market and exported. Meanwhile the global process of urbanization and changes in national politics, have had their impact on Ukrainian economy. The number of urban populations is continuing to increase, while great number of work force is migrating to neighboring countries. Several studies state that number of Ukrainian workers living aboard is around 2.5 million people. In this context we plan to investigate and build general forecast model on how urbanization is impacting agricultural land use and certain factors of its impact on economic development of region. On the other hand, we have examples of modern issues, such as climate change caused by rapid urbanization and the irrational use of natural resources. The study showed that urban development requires substantial land rescue for its expansion. By examining closely spatial data of urban and suburban areas, for example that of Kyiv city, agricultural land in suburban areas is used for new construction sites and infrastructural development. Another indirect effect of urban development is ecological changes to the surrounding areas. The affected areas become much less suitable for agricultural uses, require large financial investment and high technologies to renew the soil fertility.Research work that have been conducted in this area focused mostly on financial resources, international politics, and large agricultural holdings of agricultural land use. A lot of work has been done to highlight importance of advocating open land market in Ukraine. While other researchers in their research analyzed specific crop or certain agricultural industry markets. In general, the focus of previous publications was either on the current agricultural export or land use data in Ukraine. The goal of this research paper is to find, establish connections between urbanization and agricultural land use, while focusing attention on possibilities for economic growth and development of effective land use policies. This paper will consider open land market as future possibility; however, it is relations and impact with urbanization falls outside of current research work scope.With this research we plan to describe the connection between rapid urbanization process and changes in agricultural land use from economical perspective. The author focuses his research work and economical modeling on case Ukraine. We plan to showcase changes of agricultural enterprise income, in case of population migration to large urban centers. Additionally, we will study the cases of effective land resource management, where we will study whether it is more profitable for companies to establish the new enterprise closer or inside urban areas as opposed to farmland regions. In this research we plan to highlight the major economical differences of company's startup and operations costs based on available transportation network, land resources and local agricultural specialization. The research work should introduce possible outcomes for small, medium companies, also separating those that are part of international corporate structure and local business. The research will cover whether local company can benefit from urbanization and what are its effects on individual famers earnings. One of the expected research outcomes is to describe how to increase added value of agricultural products with focus on city markets.For this study we used data mining and analytics approaches. During research work we placed great emphasis on determining, locating, and analyzing statistical data from multiple sources. Important art of the research work is identifying right data in context of our research, the one that has clear connection to urbanization process. Spatial data visualization was used to determine key urban centers in Ukraine, as well as locations of agricultural, food and processing companies. Other types of material used are official notional statistics data, European Union public reports, U.S. Department of Commerce datasheets, Kyiv city council, Municipal Enterprise "Kyivgenplan", private companies report, economists' publications, and Public cadastral map of Ukraine. Mathematical framework was used to build robust forecast model. The methodology of the study employed various mathematical tools, such as statistical analytics, polynomial and linear approximations, mathematical correlation, ratio analysis. Besides profit and utility curves were used for growth modeling and global forecast. Spatial data have been outlined as highly effective for predictions modeling and establishing connections with the existing urbanization growth models. Urbanization processes serve as catalyst for land use change and shift in economic activities . As more population migrate to urban centers, remote villages and towns shrink in size, lose work force and often local enterprise become bankrupt or shut down. There is a consequent indirect effect of urbanization on agriculture land use that is when local community become poor or bankrupt, the farmlands are rented by large agricultural holdings. Many researchers noted that agricultural holdings have no interest in development of local communities or investment in local business. Even though they employ local people, the average income of holdings farm employees is much lesser, then those farmers whose lands are in private use or those working in agricultural sector in neighboring European Union countries. The average salary is important factor when looking at land use by large companies since agricultural holdings business goals centered about exporting raw resources and they are registered as business entities in offshore countries.The scope of current research works is limited to the analyses of medium to large size food and processing companies, that operate in local Ukrainian market, with brief overview of food products export business. To build economical model the existing transport infrastructure in Ukraine and its neighboring European countries was studied and used in system analyses. Author analyzed available human resources, amount of investments, industry type and available transportation connections. As a part of research work, physical geographical placement (distance by road) of food and processing production companies relative to closest and regional urban center positions have been outlined. A large array of economical and spatial data has been processed. It was determined that parts of this data have low correlation levels, which makes it difficult to include for modeling purposes. Author made decision to make the necessary edits, generalization to simplify the initial economical model.To build a research model we will make the following assumptions and data sets. Let us use the city of Kyiv as the main market for food products, i.e. it is the largest city in Ukraine, with a huge number of food products consumers and significant financial resources. We shall label it as an urban center for this research work. It is important to note that new companies and international corporations choose to establish their business in the Kyiv or in the 50-kilometer zone from it. For modeling we will choose 12 enterprises, which are located both in the capital and in different regions of Ukraine - west, south, east and center. We rank the selected enterprises by the number of employees.In the context of our economic modeling, consider the land market, namely: the average cost of rent of 1 hectare per year, the location of the enterprise in an industrial region or in a separate settlement. Note that the production capacity of the investigated enterprises is concentrated in one production site (complex). However, the exception is the corporation "Milk Alliance" which has 5 separate production facilities, we will focus on the largest of them, located in the city of Yagotyn (others are located in Peratyn, Zolotonosha, Bashtanka).It is reported that the total area of land plots in Ukraine is 60.4 million hectares, of which 42.4 million hectares are agricultural land (32 million hectares are cultivated per year), the area of built-up land plots is 2550.4 thousand hectares. Land for industrial purposes, which includes the food industry is 224.1 thousand hectares. The cost of annual lease of land in Ukraine for 2019 population 3518 UAH/hectare per year.At the same time, the statistics by region are as follows: Kyiv - 2694 UAH per year; Kyiv region - 3474 UAH per year; Zhytomyr and region – 4000 UAH per year; Mykolaiv Oblast – 4103 UAH per year; Kharkiv and oblast – 3152 UAH per year; Odessa region – 4065 UAH per year; Lviv region - 4172 UAH per year; Donetsk oblast - 1832 UAH per year. It is planned that in 2020 the total revenues to local budgets from land rent will amount to 185,714,285 UAH per year.To understand the general picture of the relationship and economic performance of enterprises located in Kyiv and different regions of Ukraine, we shall consider Kyiv as a self-sufficient object, both in terms of products sales and production. The largest food retailers have opened more than 575 stores in Kyiv as of 2018, and more than 60 new stores are opened each year. The production of food, beverages and tobacco by Kyiv enterprises is 46.6% of the total industrial production, which employs 1,730,000 people (7.4% of total in Kyiv), and the average wage in industry is from 16,511 UAH/month in 2019. In total, there are 9069 industrial enterprises in the capital, which employ 278,863 people, the volume of products sold by industrial enterprises of Kyiv in 2019 amounted to 892,1765,46.2 thousand UAH. At the same time, there are 7351 natural persons-entrepreneurs operating in the capital (11,877 people are employed, the volume of sold products is 5,622,011.9 thousand UAH) in industry, including the volume of products sold by food industry enterprises – 125,140,998.9 thousand UAH according to 2019 data.It should be noted that in Kyiv the main industrial capacities of food and processing enterprises are concentrated in the following areas: Industrial zone " Degtyarivska Street" covers an area of 17.7 hectares; Podilsko-Kurenivskyi industrial district - 539.5 hectares, Pirogovo industrial zone - 121.9 hectares; Voskresensky industrial district - 107.2 hectares.For economic analysis we focused on comparison of three large enterprises of Ukraine, typical for the agricultural sector and food industry, one of which is in Kyiv – "Astrata", "Sandora" and "Kyivhlib". For calculations of transportation costs let's use the following data, 20 to 22 tons van will charge 27 UAH per km outside of Kyiv, while 10 tons van charges 20 UAH per km outside of Kyiv and 250 UAH per km within Kyiv.The "Astrata" corpopration, a large agricultural enterprise, has 5,470 employees, 230,000 hectares of land (aprox. 1514090000 UAH per yar for land rent), with Net profit of 12,631,155,000, Gross profit of 2,432,488,000 UAH, and a total salary expenditure of UAH 427,597,000 (average per employee 6514 UAH per month). For our research we are using one of the sugar processing factories that is part of Astrata holding, it is in Hlobyne, Poltavska oblast. The distance from Hlobyne to Kyiv center is 287 km, so it will cost 7749 UAH per large van to transport products to Kyiv.One of the largest food manufacturers in Ukraine is "Sandora". It consists of 3230 employees, total salary expenses - 630 128 thousand UAH (average per employee 16,257 UAH per month), have a land area of 1.3646 hectares (aprox. 5600 UAH per yar for land rent) and a unit cost of production - 22.66 UAH per liter of apple. Single 10-ton van will charge 10020 UAH to transport products to Kyiv (501km distance to the city center).For Kyiv study we picked "Kyivhlib", which has 1911 employees, total salary expenses – 168,227 thousand UAH (average per employee 14,019 UAH per month), have a land area of 8 hectares (aprox. 21552 UAH per yar for land rent) and the unit cost of production - 14.9 UAH per kg of rye-wheat bread. It will cost 7500 UAH to transport products within 30 km of Kyiv center by 10-ton van. Distance from the production location to the market is not always proportional to net profit. The research results have proved that it is worth examining the data from the same sub-industries companies in several regions, with focus on large cities as main market for those companies' products. ; The paper is devoted to studying the economic and social connections between the urbanization process and agricultural land use in Ukraine. It is worth noting that both urbanization and agriculture require new lands for their future development. The important part of this connection is ecology and effective use of the available resources, as well as land use in the context of urbanization. After all, the process of urbanization can have a significant negative impact on the state of land resources. The research work determines which economic factors of urbanization are the most relevant to the land use in city suburbs and agricultural regions. The article introduces the notion of economic feasibility of land use by purpose and studies cases of food and processing companies. Food and processing industries were chosen as the main research subjects since they are the most promising fields for the future economic development of each individual region and country as a whole. These industries are centered around both import and export, besides producing added value products. Cities without a doubt are the main consumers of food products and at the same time, they drain labor resources from the countryside. In this research work, we studied the global situation in Ukraine, how 21-century urbanization has affected the agricultural sector in the country. This sector has experienced rapid growth in past decades, as opposed to industrial and manufacturing sectors, and increased the national wide level of land use. While the national wide level of urbanization might not be the highest in modern history (20th to 21st century), it continues to have a wide impact on the national economy. The scope of this impact falls outside of this research work as it consists of multidimensional data and a wide range of interdependencies, including policies and regulations. Research models require a large amount of data and cases, that's why we focused on the food and processing sector in this paper. They proved to be a good test ground to study the urbanization impact patterns as well as make economical modeling more convenient. In this context, the peculiarities of land use models were studied, as food and processing industries use land resources, can be located both inside the city, suburban area, or in remote farmland region. It is evident that cities and businesses form large supply and demand of natural resources, labor, and financial investments.
