Suchergebnisse

The frequent failure of military or armed interventions to protect civilians is well known. This edited collection provides a comprehensive account of a different, effective paradigm: unarmed civilian protection (UCP). The principles and methods of UCP have been used for many decades to protect both specific, threatened individuals as well as whole communities. Featuring contributions from around the world, this book brings together a wide range of UCP practices in order to examine their underlying theory and interrelated strategies.

During the 1980s, millions of ordinary individuals around the world mobilized in support of nuclear disarmament. Although U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev were not part of these grassroots movements, they too wanted to eliminate nuclear weapons. Nuclear abolitionism was a diverse and global phenomenon. In this book, Stephanie L. Freeman draws on newly declassified material from multiple continents to examine nuclear abolitionists' influence on the trajectory of the Cold War's last decade. Freeman reveals that nuclear abolitionism played a significant yet unappreciated role in ending the Cold War. Grassroots and government nuclear abolitionists shifted U.S. and Soviet nuclear arms control paradigms from arms limitation to arms reduction. This paved the way for the reversal of the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms race, which began with the landmark 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. European peace activists also influenced Gorbachev's "common European home" initiative and support for freedom of choice in Europe, which prevented the Soviet leader from intervening to stop the 1989 East European revolutions. These revolutions ripped the fabric of the Iron Curtain, which had divided Europe for more than four decades. Despite their inability to eliminate nuclear weapons, grassroots and government nuclear abolitionists deserve credit for playing a pivotal role in the Cold War's endgame. They also provide a model for enacting dramatic, positive change in a peaceful manner.

Das Wechselspiel von Frieden, Konflikten, Gewalt und Krieg prägt unsere Gegenwart ebenso wie die Vergangenheit. Dieser Band bietet einen aktuellen Überblick über die programmatischen und methodischen Einsichten der Historischen Friedens- und Konfliktforschung und gibt Impulse zu ihrer konzeptionellen und thematischen Weiterentwicklung. Dabei werben die Beiträge für einen Ansatz, der Gewalt und Krieg nicht als Ausgangspunkt setzt, sondern problematisiert und erklärt. Dies macht Alternativen zu Gewalt und Krieg, Bemühungen zu deren Einhegung und Überwindung und das Streben nach Frieden zu einem wichtigen Fluchtpunkt der Erzählung.

The UN Security Council and International Law explores the legal powers, limits and potential of the United Nations Security Council, offering a broadly positive (and positivist) account of the Council's work in practice. This book aims to answer questions such as 'when are Council decisions binding and on whom?', 'what legal constraints exist on Council decision making?' and 'how far is the Council bound by international law?'. Defining the controlling legal rules and differentiating between what the Council can do, as opposed to what it should do as a matter of policy, this book offers both a tool for assessment of the Council as well as realistic solutions to address its deficiencies, and, most importantly, evaluates its potential for maintaining international peace and security, to the benefit of us all.

This book explores the growing attention that sociology has started to give to environmental issues in terms of peace and social justice. With a focus on sociological theory and its development, it reconstructs the long journey made by the social sciences towards the reconstruction, in a single theoretical paradigm, of the problems associated with the implementation of conditions of peace and sustainability. Beginning from the premise that environmental issues are never purely environmental, but entail political, economic and social implications, Sustainable Development and Peace offers an understanding of where we are heading and how, reflecting on present challenges and possible directions for the future.

Michael Thumann lebt in Moskau und berichtet seit über 25 Jahren aus Osteuropa für die ZEIT. Er legt nun ein atemberaubend geschriebenes Buch vor, das Russlands Absturz in eine zunehmend totalitäre Diktatur und den Weg in Putins imperialistischen Krieg aus nächster Nähe nachzeichnet. Das Motiv des Diktators und seiner Getreuen: Revanche zu nehmen für die demokratische Öffnung nach 1991 und die vermeintliche Demütigung durch den Westen. Putins Herrschaft radikalisiert sich weiter. Es ist das bedrohlichste Regime der Welt. "Anschaulich analysiert Thumann die Säulen von Putins Macht – das Justizsystem mit seinen politischen Urteilen und den Straflagern, das Staatsfernsehen, das den Hass auf den Westen, die Ukraine und alles Abweichende verbreitet sowie die Geschichtserzählungen von imperialer Größe. Es gehe Putin um Revanche für den Zerfall der Sowjetunion. Er sei zu jener imperialen Obsession zurückgekehrt, die Michail Gorbatschow beendet habe, so Thumann. Eine Obsession, die Putin zum Überfall auf die Ukraine führte. Wer die Vorgeschichte dieses Krieges besser verstehen will, sollte das Buch von Michael Thumann lesen" (taz)

Chapter One - Setting the Scene -- Chapter Two - Moscow's response to post-war recovery in the aftermath of WWII -- Chapter Three - Russia's unique approach as a (re)emerging donor -- Chapter Four - Intervention and reconstruction in the Caucasus: The cases of Chechnya, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia -- Chapter Five - Intervention and reconstruction in Syria -- Chapter Six - Ukraine: The context, the case of Crimea, and Moscow's commitments to annexed territories -- Chapter Seven - Conclusion.

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Foundations -- Chapter 3: At the Intersection of PCS and ERS -- Chapter 4: Great Powers Conflict -- Chapter 5: Peace, Pandemics, and Conflict -- Chapter 6: Climate Change Peace and Conflict -- Chapter 7: Emerging Technologies, Risk, Peace, and Conflict -- Chapter 8: Totalitarianism Risk and Peace -- Chapter 9: Conclusion.

This book examines the operational and political challenges facing UN peace operations deployed in countries where civil war and protracted violence have given rise to the complex and distinctive political economies of conflict. The volume explores the nature and impact of such political economies – informal systems of power and influence formed by the interaction of local, national, and region-wide war economies with the political agendas of conflict actors – on the course of UN peace operations. It focuses in detail on the UN's long-running peace operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Mali, and Somalia. The book is centrally concerned with the interaction of UN missions with the power structures and local conflict dynamics that shape individual mission settings, and the challenges these pose for mediation, protection of civilians, and other tasks. It also offers a critical assessment of the various ways in which the UN 'system', from its headquarters in New York to the field, has confronted the policy challenges posed by political economies of conflict-affected states, societies, and regions. It advances a pragmatic set of policy recommendations aimed at improving the UN's ability to confront predatory and exploitative war economies. At the same time, the volume makes it clear that political and institutional obstacles to more effective UN action are certain to remain profound and are unlikely ever to be fully overcome let alone eradicated. Despite making some progress since the 1990s to better understand the political economy of civil wars, the UN has struggled with how to tackle informal networks of power and their consequences for efforts to end wars.

This book examines the parallel development and interaction between the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP), assessing this relationship over time and through case studies of Darfur, Libya, and Syria. The similarities and connections between the doctrine and the Court have been highlighted by UN bodies, the organs of the Court, and scholars, yet their relationship and common impact on international law have been less explored. This book fills this gap in presenting an overview of how the development of RtoP and the ICC affect various branches of international law. The research shows that while the doctrine and the Court experienced significant implementation problems in their first decades of life, they nonetheless have the potential to contribute to the historical evolution of international law in combining their values of promoting international peace and protecting human rights. This interdisciplinary study will be useful for scholars of international law and international relations. It will also be beneficial to persons working for international organisations and for civil society organisations focused on the activity of the ICC and on the development of RtoP.

Introduction: Machines of peace -- Invention, interdependence, and the lag : conceptualizing international relations in the age of the machine -- Controlling scientific war : international air police and the reinvention of disarmament -- The shape of things to come : aviation, the League of Nations, and the transformation of world order -- Air power for a United Nations : the international air force during the Second World War -- Wings for peace : planning for the postwar internationalization of civil aviation -- A battle for atomic internationalism : United States and the international control of atomic energy -- A blessing in disguise : Britain and the international control of atomic energy -- Conclusion : science, technology, and internationalism into the Cold War and beyond.

Why do human beings fight one another? In this exhilarating and bracing book, we learn the common logic driving vainglorious monarchs, dictators, mobs, pilots, football hooligans, ancient peoples and fanatics. Distilling decades of economics, political science, psychology and real-world interventions, and through his time studying Columbia, Chicago, Liberia and Northern Ireland, Christopher Blattman lifts the lid on the underlying forces governing war and peace. Why did Russia attack Ukraine? Will China invade Taiwan and launch WWIII? And what can any of us do about it? 'Captivating and intelligent' Tim Harford 'Wise, intriguing, imaginative' Rory Stewart 'Nothing could be more relevant today than war and peace . . . an outstanding and original book on this topic' Martin Wolf, Financial Times 'Important, readable, radical' David Miliband 'A great storyteller with important insights for us all' Richard Thaler, co-author of Nudge 'Essential for understanding the world we live in today' James A. Robinson, co-author of Why Nations Fail