The Independence Gap and the Gender Gap
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 61, Heft 3, S. 464-476
ISSN: 0033-362X
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 61, Heft 3, S. 464-476
ISSN: 0033-362X
In: IZA Discussion Paper No. 4231
SSRN
In: Scottish journal of political economy: the journal of the Scottish Economic Society, Band 60, Heft 4, S. 412-439
ISSN: 1467-9485
AbstractIn this paper, we investigate regional differences in the gender pay gap both theoretically and empirically. Within a spatial model of monopsonistic competition, we show that more densely populated labour markets are more competitive and constrain employers' ability to discriminate against women. Utilizing a large administrative data set for western Germany and a flexible semi‐parametric propensity score matching approach, we find that the unexplained gender pay gap for young workers is substantially lower in large metropolitan than in rural areas. This regional gap in the gap of roughly 10 percentage points remained surprisingly constant over the entire observation period of 30 years.
In: Bulletin of the atomic scientists, Band 23, Heft 2, S. 2-21
ISSN: 1938-3282
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 61, S. 464-476
ISSN: 0033-362X
Finds that men are more likely to identify themselves as politically independent; argues that this is partly due to a gender-based tendency for women to seek affiliations, and partly due to ideological preferences; US. Based on statistics from American National Election Studies (ANES), 1952-94, and other survey information.
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 61, Heft 3, S. 464
ISSN: 1537-5331
In: Arms control today, Band 45, Heft 8, S. 36
ISSN: 0196-125X
In: Global view: unabhängiges Magazin des Akademischen Forums für Außenpolitik, Heft 2, S. 15-15
ISSN: 1992-9889
In: Journal of human development and capabilities: a multi-disciplinary journal for people-centered development, Band 19, Heft 4, S. 564-568
ISSN: 1945-2837
The yield gap has arisen again as a focus for agricultural research to ensure food security and economic growth for farmers around the world. To examine this renewed interest, we carried out a review of key literature in the field of yield gap analysis to identify important gaps in research and analysis. In so doing, both the complexities in yield gap studies emerged along with some significant omissions. Much of the literature and research on the yield gap has been framed by larger concerns and initiatives to raise agricultural productivity. This focus has led to an emphasis on technical solutions such as crop breeding, fertilizer application and other methods to increase production. However, this concentration on the technical usually ignores the wider social, economic and political context that shapes farmer decision making about agricultural production. This context can either discourage or enable farmers to close their yield gap. Additionally, the impact of increased agricultural production through certain technical solutions also often overlooks the wider impact on the landscape and the ecosystem services which underpin agricultural production and livelihoods. We argue that increasing agricultural productivity, and closing the yield gap, must be addressed with this broader approach.
BASE
In: International journal of sustainable development & world ecology, Band 26, Heft 5, S. 377-388
ISSN: 1745-2627
In: 1874-2033 ; The Broker, 24. (2008)
As a bestselling author and influential speaker, Thomas P.M. Barnett explains how to understand the world, the US mission to manage that job, and its implications for all policies we used to call 'external'. Barnett is also senior managing director of a company called Enterra Solutions, a platform for pushing 'new rules sets in the military and market worlds'. Two-thirds of the world is connected and the rest is not. The connected countries form the Core and the rest the Gap. The Gap countries define the danger. Rather than threatening the Core with its destructive power, the Gap causes fear by its disruptive outside acts. It challenges its rules and may harm Core countries by causing pinpoint crises and 'system perturbations'. The mission of the Core (read the US) is to meet the threat by making the Gap connected. How? By an external policy mix of flows: by exporting security, letting investment money flow into the Gap, and somehow sustaining the global flows of people and energy that cross the line between the Core and the Gap. You call that policy mix 'system administration', which essentially deals with the disconnected in order to protect the connected, and thereby the world itself. It is the moral mission of the US to conduct and manage that kind of system administration.
BASE
Mend the gap -- CONTENTS -- Part 1 - Making the Gap: Youth Culture and Consumption -- Part 2 - Mind the Gap: Generational Tensions and the Church -- Part 3 - Mend the Gap: Being God's Kingdom Community -- INTRODUCTION -- Stark change creates static -- Notes -- Part 1 Making the Gap: Youth Culture and Consumption -- 1. In the Beginning: Empire Ideals and Adolescence -- Fake expectations? -- Empire ideals -- Education, adolescence and more expectations -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 2. The Cost of Cool: The Impact of Consumerism -- The branding of youth -- In the beginning -- The global young person -- Consumer pressure today -- Promoting brand youth -- Wrapping up -- Notes -- 3. Swapping Loyalties: The Rise of Peer Influence and Youth Management -- Subcultures of youth -- From child to adult? -- Connected cocooning -- Empowering peers -- Us and them: the management of youth and the selling of teen rebellion -- Moral panics -- TV and stereotyping -- Moral vacuum? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Part 2 Mind The Gap: Generational Tensions and the Church -- 4. Technology and the Transfer of Power -- Adults as redundant 'filters' -- Good advice? -- TV and choice -- The generation lap -- Pop culture -- The children of Nintendo -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 5. 'Mummy, What's an Adult?' -- The erosion of adulthood -- Teenage experience in the East -- Rite of way -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 6. Family Life and Discipling Young People -- What's our role? -- 'Cradle' period -- Separate worlds -- The way ahead for discipling young people -- Inherited faith -- Young people and discipleship through the ages -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 7. Church and the Generation Gap: A Growing Conflict and Challenges to Discipleship -- Holistic worldview -- Whole-life discipleship -- The sacred/secular divide -- Inviting people to 'accept' Jesus or 'follow' him? -- Sin and Superman
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 324, Heft 1, S. 49-55
ISSN: 1552-3349
Two sources of ideas on international affairs are the scholars and newspapermen, and the diplomats. The for mer offer judgments which are arrived at freely and objec tively ; the latter test the practicality of an idea or solution. There should be a balance between the ideal and the practical. In order to avoid war, we should try to find ways to bridge the gap between the Communists and the Free World; but we should also be aware of the dangers inherent in compro mises and conciliations. The ways of free people cannot be sacrificed. Korea exemplifies in a practical way the gap which divides the world today. The reunification of the country is a vital problem; and the right to free elections is the inalien able right of all Koreans—North or South. The Communist fear of encirclement is not a valid one since in all its long history Korea has never been an aggressor. To narrow the gap in the world today, we must determine "which side repre sents a tolerable way of life." The West cannot sacrifice its principles of freedom for "to do so would be to eliminate the gap by being swallowed up in it."—Ed.
SSRN