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Since masculinity is "historically changing and politically fraught"any attempt at defining it remains deficient and incomplete. As R.W. Connell puts it, masculinities "come into existence at particular times and places, and are always subject to change" (Connell, 3). In Lebanon, the civil war had an enormous impact on the manner masculinity is perceived. The war polarized people according to their gender; the masculine ideal was reflected in courageous men killing and fighting inthe name of patriotism, whereas women were frequently associated with passivity.

Call for Papers The School of Historical Studies, Monash University (Australia) isorganizing a conference entitled "Frontlines: Gender, Identity and War" on the 12th - 13th of July 2002.

This paper unveils the framing of female politicians in local newspapers published by Lombok Post, and relates to the cognition of journalists and the sociopolitical reality in the province of NTB. Anchored in the model of sociocognitive critical discourse analysis, this study discovered that the positive framing of female politicians in the newspaper was not inseparable from the provision of cordial relation between the journalist and female politician. The affirmative contents and cognition of the journalist regarding the female politicians were relevant to the sociopolitical context of the region depleted with the political racial identity and gender awareness of the community. Drawing on the empirical evidence, the domination of men in the editorial board of the mass media did not contribute to the presence of patriarchal news production in that good media relation built by the female politicians instead did minimize the news production policy that may be gender bias. This study demonstrates the importance of interpersonal communication competence and the maintenance of harmonious relation with the media and people for the sake of sustaining the positive image of female politicians constructed by mass media.

Section 1: Sexual Differentiation and Dimorphism -- Sexual Differentiation in the Human Male and Female: Science, Strategies and Politics -- Sexual Dimorphism in Erotic Function: a Psychosocial Approach -- Hormone Dependent Differentiation, Maturation and Function of the Brain and Sexual Behavior -- Sexual Identity and Eroticism -- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Erotic Component of Gender Identity in Nine Women -- Pair-Bonding Experience of 26 Early Treated Adrenogenital Females Aged 17–27 -- Erotic Imagery and Male/Female Discordance in Hermaphroditic Siblings -- Postpubertal Psychosexual Function in Males with Hypopituitarism -- The Transvestite/Transsexual: Gender-Identity Continuum and Transposition -- Voice Therapy with a Transsexual -- Effects of Prenatal Hormone Treatment on Mental Abilities -- Section 2: Sexual Dysfunction -- Etiology -- Sexual Functioning Reconsidered -- Male Erectile Impotence -- The Effects of Depression on Sexual Behavior: Preliminary Results of Research -- Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Neurological Disorders -- Therapy -- Overview -- Effectiveness of Sex Therapy -- Research -- Comparative Studies of Short-Term Treatment Methods for Sexual Inadequacies -- Stimulation Therapy for Sexual Dysfunction -- The Effect of Sexual Fantasy Frequencies on the Outcome of Short-Term Treatment Program for Sexual Inadequacy in Heterosexual Couples -- Vaginismus -- Retarded Ejaculation and Treatment -- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate as an Antiandrogen for the Rehabilitation of Sex Offenders -- Techniques -- The Use of Audio-Visual Materials in Therapy -- The Erotic-Bodily Contact Approach in Sexology -- Microphallus: The Successful Use of a Prosthetic Phallus in a Nine-Year-Old Boy -- Biological Aspects of Sexual Function -- Pliable Penile Prostheses in Treatment of Organic Impotence -- Certification for Sex Therapists -- Section 3: Sexual Response and Fantasy -- Role of Fantasy in Pair-Bonding and Erotic Performance -- Erotic Imagery in Women -- Sexual Behavior in Elderly Danish Males -- Reproductive Hormone Levels and Sexual Behaviors of Young Couples During the Menstrual Cycle -- Finger Temperature as a Measure of Sexual Arousal in Males and Females -- Multiple Orgasm in Males -- Patterns of Sexual Responsiveness during the Menstrual Cycle -- Human Vaginal Fluid, pH, Urea, Potassium and Potential Difference during Sexual Excitement -- Sexual Chemistry in Monkeys: The Effect of Vaginal Secretions on Male Sexuality -- Section 4: Fertility, Infertility, Contraception -- Orgasm and Fertility -- Ovulation Induction -- Infertility in the Unwed -- The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Sexual Behavior -- Possible Effects of Vasectomy on Sexual Function -- Factors Affecting the Use of Contraception in the Nonmarital Context -- Attitudes of Nurses to Premarital Sex and Their Contraceptive Role Orientation -- Unmarried Youth and Actual Accessibility to Oral Contraceptives and Condoms -- Section 5: Anthropological and Sociological Studies -- Phylogenetic and Ontogenetic Aspects of Human Affectional Development -- Sex Attitudes and Practices in Two Language Groups in South Africa -- Results of the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test of Medical Students in Israel -- Youth, Sexuality and Politics -- Psychosexual Material in the Stories Told by Children: The Fucker -- Prostitution as an Ecology of Confidence Games: The Scripted Behavior of Prostitutes and Vice Officers -- Sexual Scripts -- Section 6: Sex Education -- Sex Education and the Structure of Moral Judgment: Effectiveness of a Form of Sex Education Based on the Development of Formal Structures of Value Judgment -- Sexual Attitude Reassessment: The Workshop Participant and Attitude Change -- Evaluating a Short-Term Sex Information Program -- History, Objectives, Content of the Sexology Program at Université du Québec à Montréal -- Section 7: Sexology in Three Countries — an Overview -- Sex Education in Mexico -- Current Status of Sex Research and Sex Education in Japan -- Socio-Political Problems of Sexology as a Developing Field in Italy -- Section 8: Conclusion -- Human Sexuality — Battleground or Peaceground? -- List of Contributors.

An exploration of self-concept in terms of the identity patterns & self-evaluation of the 2 groups is presented. Bilingual interviewers gathered the data through extensive interviews with 4 family members of each family chosen; 85 families in the Yakima Valley, Wash. The migrant population was selected from labor camps in the area, the 'settled' from 3 small towns with a substantial & identifiable Mexican American population. The R's were categorized as Mexican American, family income under $5,000; father, mother, 10-13 year old child, & a 14-18 year old. Kuhn & McPartland's 20 Statements Test was used to get at the self-attitudes. The TST was modified in that only 10 statements were to be given to the question, "Who am I?," & the interviewer was asked to write down the statements as given by the R's. Identity patterns indicated that poor Mexican Americans tended to locate themselves most frequently in the structural identities provided by society: family, gender, & work for adults, with family consistently the highest; children mentioned peer references, abstract identifications, & interest & activities, with the most frequently mentioned of these being gender. Differences between parents were small: mothers mentioning family identities somewhat more frequently, while fathers referred to their work or occupational role. When the 2 groups, migrant & settled, were compared for differences in identity patterns the findings showed: (1) Migrants appear to be more firmly rooted in structural sources of identity stemming from their cultural heritage, perhaps reflecting the psychological consequences of acculturation which is probably greater for the settled p in general a more favorable view of themselves & with reference to a sense of moral worth, competence, self-determination, altruism. Differential frames of reference or comparison levels were offered as an explanation. (2) Religion, family, & name was the most important identity for migrant children as compared to gender for settled children. Despite these differences there were a number of similarities noted between the migrant & settled groups: the most important source of institutional & categorical self-moorings was the family, for both adults & children the most salient family bond is that of parent-child, & ethnic identity as of low importance compared to other identities such as gender or religion. 6 Tables. E. Loomis.