The Geography of Political Geography
In: The SAGE Handbook of Political Geography, S. 41-56
In: The SAGE Handbook of Political Geography, S. 41-56
The DIIS Working Paper 'From the geography of politics to the politics of geography' is the English version of the preface for the Brazilian edition of A return of geopolitics in Europe?. The book originally published with Cambridge University Press was translated by Bárbara Motta and published at the University Press of the Universidade Estadual Paulista (Editora Unesp) in São Paulo. The preface introduces the critical thesis of the political effect that the return of geopolitical thought had in Europe in the 1990s, well before 9/11. The rise of geopolitical thought can be linked to the disorientation, the foreign policy identity crises in many European countries when the end of the Cold War took away the stable coordinates of the post-1945 European security order. Its rise has, however, two pernicious consequences. First, it reverses Clausewitz by making politics the prolongation of war by other means. In other words, it militarises politics, as Aron had already criticised during the Cold War. Second, it essentialises physical and human geography, which justifies the homogenising of identities. The book does not claim that this European experience is universal, but invites scholars in Brazil to contrast it with the specificities of their political discourse and practice, the different nature of foreign policy identity crises and processes of militarisation in Latin America.
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Military geography in Australia is being revived. Under the Institute of Australian Geographers a Strategic and Military Geography Study Group has been formed to contribute some new thinking on military geography. Current themes are: strategic security geography, strategic military geography and military landscape ecology. The initial work of the group is framed by four key tenets: thinking "big picture" and taking a holistic view; using systems thinking; taking a participatory approach and engaging broadly; and using a multi-level learning process that maps across tactical, operational and strategic military domains. These concepts are applied through methodologies such as Systemic Action Research (Burns 2009) and are described in Holloway et al (2015) as an analytical framework that includes physical geography, human geography and cyber-geography. These explorations are firmly based on existing theories and practices in military geography and integrative geography, and seek to consider inter-linked fields such as post-conflict activities and humanitarian aid. The outcomes of the group's inaugural meeting included consideration of climate change impacts on the military and on security, Defence land management and military ecology, Defence-civilian information sharing and joint operations, teaching and using geography within Defence. Problem based and mission based research, integrated researchThe paper outlines this new thinking, some results and discusses potential opportunities for collaborations with other researchers interested in strategic and military geography.
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In: http://hdl.handle.net/10214/8173
Ben Bradshaw is an Associate Professor in Geography. His main strand of research focuses on relations between Aboriginal communities and mining firms in Canada, and especially their use of negotiated agreements – typically called Impact and Benefit Agreements (IBAs) - to settle their differences. This research has been aggressively oriented towards the needs of IBA signatories, which has been achieved, in part, through the creation of the popular IBA research network. Related work has sought to assist communities to develop a meaningful but systematic means of tracking change in their well-being in light of mining. For more information about Ben Bradshaw's research, please go to his website at https://www.uoguelph.ca/geography/people/faculty/bradshaw.shtml Noella Gray is an Assistant Professor in Geography. Broadly, she is interested in the politics of conservation and environmental governance – in how access to natural resources is defined, contested and legitimated by resource users, experts, civil society and the state. More specifically, she considers how science is incorporated into environmental policy, the politics of scale in marine conservation, and how resource management policies are negotiated under co-management arrangements. For more information about Noella Gray's research, please go to her website at https://www.uoguelph.ca/geography/people/faculty/gray.shtml ; Ben Bradshaw assists Aboriginal communities in Canada to track health outcomes related to mining; works to support relations with mining companies.Noella Gray informs marine conservation policy across scales, from global negotiations to local participation and tourism in marine protected areas.
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In: Political geography quarterly, Band 3, Heft 2, S. 172-174
ISSN: 0260-9827
In: Critical Human Geography
In: Political geography: an interdisciplinary journal for all students of political studies with an interest in the geographical and spatial aspects, Band 17, Heft 4, S. 373-388
ISSN: 0962-6298
The author would like to discuss the state of the geographic education and the neo-geographical practices in Japan. Most of the geography education in universities are still old-fashioned and aimed for educating professionals, the new type of mapping practices like neo-geography are dissociated from it (Dodge and Perkins, 2008) In recent years, such neo-geographical practices also became popular in Japanese society. People come to recognize the importance of geospatial data especially when they facing at the several heavy disaster situations in Japan. For example, Japanese registered users of OpenStreetMap are over 3,700 in September 2013 (http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/User:Techstrom/JapanData) and the users still increasing now. Open data/government policies also interested Japanese ordinary people in the neo-geographical practices, because they need the geographic viewpoints and analysis using such open data/government for solving the local issues. Such neo-geographical practices could be related to Japanese Neo-liberalism. Recent Japanese 'New Public Commons' could be associated with these practices. The openness, transparency and participatory natures of these practices attract attention by the Japanese local/national government. On the other hand, geography education in most of Japanese universities remains conservative style. The GIS education is biased toward the methods of using desktop, proprietary software like ArcGIS desktop. Although Japanese GIScience BoK(Body of Knowledge) has small mention about neo-geography, public participatory GIS(PPGIS) and internet GIS in the chapter of GIS and society, there is no mention related to these words in the chapter of GISc education(http://curricula.csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp). However, such situation is now changing. The student have new chance to using various different open source softwares, web based platforms, and data collection initiatives (Cowan and Hinton 2014). The several universities in Japan now hire the new curriculum for learning GIS by neo-geographical tools. The students also learn the possibility and the limitation of neo-geographical mapping. Some university students now doing crisis mapping by OpenStreetMap and making the disaster map by FOSS4G software. There are some issues for excersize the new type of curriculum. The first problem is about keeping student's motivation at neo-geographical practices. Some times the data conflict caused by collaborative mapping would lose the motivation of student. At longer time scale, Sustainable neo-geographical practices will face difficulty because most of students did neogeographical practices when only they take the class. The new type of geography education needs the collaborative process with local neo-geographers for materialize sustainable practices.
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For reasons of analytical tractability, new economic geography (NEG) models treat geography in a very simple way: attention is either confined to a simple 2-region or to an equidistant multi-region world. As a result, the main predictions regarding the impact of e.g. diminishing trade costs are based on these simple models. When doing empirical or policy work these simplifying assumptions become problematic and it may very well be that the conclusions from the simple models do not carry over to the heterogeneous geographical setting faced by the empirical researcher or policy maker. This paper tries to fill this gap by adding more realistic geography structures to the Puga (1999) model that encompasses several benchmark NEG models. By using extensive simulations we show that many, although not all, conclusions from the simple models do carry over to our multi-region setting with more realistic geography structures. Given these results, we then simulate the impact of increased EU integration on the spatial distribution of regional economic activity for a sample of 194-NUTSII regions and find that further integration will most likely be accompanied by higher levels of agglomeration.
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In: Journal of the Royal African Society, Band XXXIX, Heft CLV, S. 187-187
ISSN: 1468-2621
In: Routledge Library Editions Social and Cultural Geography
This book presents original research into contemporary geographical aspects of the study of crime. The contributors, drawn from different disciplines within the social sciences and from various countries, give a review of the subject which provides a valuable insight into the geography of crime. Their approaches range from the behavioural to the environmental, and the crimes dealt with include violent crime and residential burglary. The book examines data sources, discusses different crimes and ways of studying them and considers the fear of crime. The criminal justice system in the UK is exam
In: Routledge Library Editions: Social and Cultural Geography
This book highlights the increasingly important contribution of geographical theory to the understanding of social change, values, economic & political organization and ethical imperatives. As a cohesive collection of chapters from well-known geographers in Britain and North America, it reflects the aims of the contributors in striving to bridge the gap between the historical-materialist and humanist interpretations of human geography. The book deals with both the contemporary issues outlined above and the situation in which they emerge: industrial restructuring, planning, women's issues, soci
In: Routledge Library Editions Social and Cultural Geography
In: Routledge Library Editions: Social and Cultural Geography Ser.
This book considers the social and geographical context in which the National Health Service (NHS) operated during the 1970s and 1980s. It argues that disease and health care systems are the product to a large degree of the wider social and cultural context. It explores the relationship between health, work, poverty, housing, class and culture.examines how resource allocation and social policies are determined by the wider social and cultural context.discusses how the health of the nation, broadly defined should best be managed. As relevant today as when it was originally published, comments o
In: Routledge library editions
1. Place and Politics -- 2. Essays in Political Geography -- 3. Politics, Geography and Social Stratification -- 4. Money and votes : constituency campaign spending and election results -- 5. The geography of English politics : the 1983 general election -- 6. Nationalism, self-determination and political geography -- 7. Developments in electoral geography -- 8. Geopolitics -- 9. The Geography of Warfare -- 10. Western Geopolitical Thought -- 11.Geopolitics of domination -- 12. Political frontiers and boundaries -- 13. The Geography of Frontiers and Boundaries -- 14. The Geography of state policies -- 15. The geography of border landscapes -- 16. Geography of elections.