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The Georgians
In: Journal of The Royal Central Asian Society, Band 16, Heft 1, S. 56-70
The Georgian orthodox church in current Georgian policy
In: Central Asia and the Caucasus: journal of social and political studies, Heft 4-5/58-59, S. 169-175
ISSN: 1404-6091
World Affairs Online
The Georgian test
In: International affairs: a Russian journal of world politics, diplomacy and international relations, Band 50, Heft 5
ISSN: 0130-9641
The political and economic challenges facing the nation of Georgia, as well as its relationships with the US and Russia, are detailed. Attempts by Georgia's government to cultivate close relations with both the US and Russia are discussed. However, it is noted that Georgia's leaders have displeased Russia and the US. It is argued that Georgia has displeased the US by attacking rebels in the Georgian region of South Ossetia, thereby destabilizing the southern Caucasus region and an important oil pipeline. Meanwhile, Georgia has failed to resolve several issues affecting its relationship with Russia, including the problem of international terrorists using Georgia as a safe haven and the future of Russian military bases in Georgia. Attempts by Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili to create and solve crises in South Ossetia and the republic of Adjaria are described as unhelpful for Georgia. Saakashvili's actions towards Adjaria and South Ossetia are portrayed as threatening to US and Russian interests. It is suggested that Russia should seek to defuse the conflicts. Georgia's economy is described as deteriorating and in need of additional Russian investment.
Georgian times
In: Soldier: the British Army magazine, Band 54, Heft 6, S. 25
ISSN: 0038-1004
Medieval Georgian Poliorcetica
In the medieval art of war siege constituted one of the principal forms of fight. Several basic techniques were used in taking a stronghold, such as assaulting the walls of the fortress, breaching the wall, digging a subterranean tunnel under the wall and enfeeblement of the garrison by lengthy siege. Bearing in mind various data, in the Middle Ages Georgians used the following technical means to capture fortresses: assault ladders, battering rams and other engines for breaching walls, ballistas, stone throwing engines and subterranean tunnels. In the article light is shed on the siege capabilities of the Georgian army of the period. Extensively discussed are the Georgian army's stone throwing artillery, various types of stone hurling engines and the time of their spread in Georgia. Various techniques of capturing fortresses, applied by the Georgians are described. These include mounting the walls with ladder or various improvised means. The hazardous technique of directly assaulting the fortress without preliminary preparation or bringing up heavy siege engines is shown. The capturing of fortresses by means of underground tunnels is discussed separately. By the available evidence it is not apparent that Georgians made use of all the siege techniques known in the medieval world; however, it can be said that they were familiar with and used successfully the basic methods of siege warfare.
BASE
The Georgian Church
In: Russian politics and law: a journal of translations, Band 52, Heft 4, S. 74-92
ISSN: 1061-1940
The Georgian mafia
In: Caucasus analytical digest: CAD, Heft 9, S. 5-8
ISSN: 1867-9323
World Affairs Online
OLD GEORGIAN LITERATURE AS HISTORICAL SOURCE (VITAE, MARTYRDOMS), GEORGIAN CASE
Critical approach of history actively started in Georgia from 19th century. This trend also effected on hagiographic monuments. Some scholars were mistrustful for adopting them as historical sources because of miracles and unnatural motives. That is why philologists were more interested in hagiographies than historians. At the same time historians were publishing, identifying texts and editions, revealing historical people, comparing hagiographic texts. Thus, enormous informational possibility became clear for many researchers. Today there is now doubt that hagiographic monuments (Vitae, Martyrdom) contain significant information while revealing cultural, social, political and economic factors of certain nations. Apart for solving many interesting issue from hagiographies, it is worth interesting to study Georgian hagiographies (with full of historism) in the context of history of mentality and identity. Years ago I was interested to study ethnic perception. Texts with various ethnic terms provoke me to observe (authentic) hagiographies. Certain conclusions were made through ethnic criteria based on theory of ethnicity. For instance, what was the content of ethnic terms: Relative and Nation? Changes the concept of that terms; How Georgian unity is concerned through centuries; Creating of national heroes in hagiographies and what historical process is related to this issue; What was self-perception and perception towards others. According hagiographic sources ∕ monuments such researches are not novelty not only for Georgian historiography, but foreign historiography as well. Alongside to political history that approach will make history more alive and comprehensive. For investigation I use ethnosymbolistic approach which ethnic markers represent important framework for the paper. According to the Georgian hagiographies of 10th-11th cc. we have deal with different perception of ethnicity towards Georgians, Armenians and Greeks.
BASE
The Georgian theme
In: International affairs: a Russian journal of world politics, diplomacy and international relations, Band 51, Heft 2, S. 96-100
ISSN: 0130-9641
World Affairs Online