Suchergebnisse

'Globale Gesundheitsprobleme haben in den letzten Jahren mehr als in früheren Jahrzehnten die Aufmerksamkeit der Menschen auch in den Industrieländern erregt. Dies betraf vor allem tödliche Infektionskrankheiten: Nach der AIDS-Pandemie folgten SARS und in den vergangenen Monaten die Vogelgrippe: Auch wenn diese im Augenblick in Europa aus den Schlagzeilen geraten ist, werden aus Afrika weiter steigende Infektionszahlen gemeldet. Allerdings sind in den letzten Monaten auch wichtige Weichenstellungen im Bereich von 'Global Health Governance' erfolgt (International Health Regulations, Forschung und Entwicklung zu Medikamenten). Die veränderten globalen Rahmenbedingungen durch den Globalisierungsprozess verlangen neue Formen des politischen und finanziellen Engagements in der globalen Gesundheitspolitik, die die Möglichkeiten der bis in die 1990er-Jahre hinein diesen Sektor dominierenden internationalen Organisationen (WHO, Weltbank, UNICEF) erheblich übersteigen. Dies betrifft vor allem folgende Aspekte: Die Bedrohung durch Infektionskrankheiten aufgrund steigender Mobilität und wachsender Resistenz von Krankheitserregern gegen Antibiotika nimmt zu. Die schlechte Gesundheitssituation in armen Ländern wird als Hindernis für Entwicklung und ein Faktor für politische Instabilität wahrgenommen. Die Liberalisierung der Welthandelsordnung und vor allem das TRIPS-Abkommen implizieren zweifelhafte - vor allem an der erwarteten zahlungsfähigen Nachfrage orientierte - Anreize für medizinische Innovationsprozesse, die Patienten in armen Ländern tendenziell vernachlässigen. Als Reaktion auf globale Gesundheitsprobleme lässt sich eine erhebliche Stärkung zivilgesellschaftlicher Organisationen und die Entstehung neuartiger Organisationsformen (vor allem Global Public Private Partnerships) beobachten. Diese stärken zwar die in der globalen Gesundheitspolitik verfügbaren politischen und finanziellen Ressourcen, führen aber immer mehr zu Koordinationsproblemen.' (Autorenreferat)

This article analyses the impact of new institutional structures in global health governance (GHG) on the realization of social rights in poor countries. Focusing on the example of global HIV/AIDS politics. The article argues that new governance modes increase the participation of civil society groups and affected communities, but also that they are frequently instrumentalized by powerful actors to pursue their particular interests. In fact, increasing resources are mobilized for the fight against poverty-related diseases. The article concludes that, as the experience of HIV/AIDS politics, the conflicts around the TRIPS Agreement and the development of Global Public-Private Partnerships GPPPs suggest, GHG is characterized by a combination of moral values and material interests that does not guarantee a comprehensive realization of social rights, but which allows some progress in the fight against poverty-related diseases - a step toward realization of social rights.

Covers globalization of public health, funding for the fight against AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, health as global security challenge, and HIV/AIDS in China; 5 articles. Contents: The globalization of health, by Gro Harlem Brundtland; One effort, one goal: the global fund to fight AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, by Tommy G. Thompson; Health as a global security challenge, by Jonathan Ban; Pre-empting an HIV/AIDS disaster in China, by Drew Thompson; The impact of SARS on China, by Xiaohong Xu.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Editor's Preface -- Introduction -- Part I The Foundations and Evolution of the Field -- 1 Mark Harrison (2006), 'Disease, Diplomacy and International Commerce: The Origins of International Sanitary Regulation in the Nineteenth Century', Journal of Global History, 1, pp. 197-217. -- 2 N. Howard-Jones (1950), 'Origins of International Health Work', British Medical Journal, 12, pp. 1032-37. -- 3 Walter R. Sharp (1947), 'The New World Health Organization', The American Journal of International Law, 41, pp. 509-30. -- 4 Charles E. Allen (1950), 'World Health and World Polities', International Organization, 4, pp. 27-43. -- 5 Laurie Garrett (1996), 'The Return of Infectious Disease', Foreign Affairs, 75, pp. 66-79. -- 6 Andrew T. Price-Smith (1999), 'Ghosts of Kigali: Infectious Disease and Global Stability at the Turn of the Century', International Journal, 54, pp. 426-42. -- 7 Caroline Thomas and Martin Weber (2004), 'The Politics of Global Health Governance: Whatever Happened to "Health for All by the Year 2000"?', Global Governance, 10, pp. 187-205. -- Part II Globalization and Global Health -- 8 David P. Fidler (2001), 'The Globalization of Public Health: The First 100 Years of International Health Diplomacy', Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 79, pp. 842-49. -- 9 Ilona Kickbusch and Evelyne de Leeuw (1999), 'Global Public Health: Revisiting Healthy Public Policy at the Global Level', Health Promotion International, 14, pp. 285-88. -- 10 Robert Beaglehole and Derek Yach (2003), 'Globalization and the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Disease: The Neglected Chronic Diseases of Adults', Lancet, 32, pp. 903-908. -- 11 Susan Peterson (2002), 'Epidemic Disease and National Security', Security Studies, 12, pp. 43-81

"In the light of scares about potential pandemics such as swine fever and avian flu, the issue of global health and its governance is of increasing concern to scholars and practitioners of medicine, public health, social work, and international politics alike. Providing a concise and informative introduction to how global health is governed, this book: Explores the various ways in which we understand global health governance Explains the 'nuts and bolts' of the traditional institutions of global health governance, highlights key frameworks and treaties and their relative successes and failings Examines the actors in global health governance, their purpose, influence and impact Offers an in depth analysis of the effectiveness of global health interventions, focusing particularly on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. Highlighting the wide variety of actors, issues and approaches involved, this work shows the complex nature of global health governance, forcing the reader to examine who or what really governs global health, to what outcome, and for whom"--Provided by publisher.