Reprint of the 1st ed. (1860) published under title "The central gold region: the grain, pastoral and gold regions of North America, with some views of its physical geography, and observations on the Pacific railroads. ; Electronic reproduction. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 44
In: Hansen , V , Asmund , G & Søndergaard , J 2022 , DCE recommendations for Guidelines for the Safe Management of Radioactive Waste generated from the mineral and hydrocarbons industries in Greenland .
These recommendations for guidelines provide safety requirements and guidance to ensure the safe management of waste containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) and technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material (TENORM) generated from Greenland's mineral and hydrocarbons industries. The recommendations for guidelines include requirements for all phases of the waste facility, e.g., site selection, site assessment, site design and preparation, construction, operation (e.g., treatment, disposal), closure, site release from licensing, and long-term stewardship. Herein recommendations for guidelines are based on the most recent international standards recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, European Union, International Atomic Energy Agency, and International Council on Mining and Metals. The recommended herein waste management practice is a graduated approach. This means that the greater the risk, the more stringent the mitigation measures should be. The policy, practice, regulation, and supervision should (shall) be continuously improved to comply with the existing best available technologies (BAT), best environ-mental practices (BEP), and changing levels of understanding within the management of radioactive waste. The Environmental Agency for Mineral Resources Activities (EAMRA) requested in 2018 recommendations for ''Guidelines for the safe management of radio-active waste generated from the mineral activities in Greenland.'' In 2020, EAMRA re-quested that the DCE also include the safe management of radioactive waste generated from Greenland's hydrocarbons activities in the recommendations. As requested, the recommendations are provided in the format of draft guidelines. However, the Greenland administration's administrative setup is only tentatively indicated and should be further addressed by EAMRA.
Black Mesa is a mineral-rich area of the Navajo and Hopi Nations in Arizona; it is both the locus of the historic so-called Hopi-Navajo land conflict and the coal mines that have helped make possible the electricity usage of Las Vegas. It is also a case study in cultural change and resistance in response to pressures of industrialization and capitalism. In an interdisciplinary, creative nonfiction writing project, I am looking in particular at the pressures on sheepherding as livelihood in Black Mesa. I will examine how sheepherding has changed since the advent of the Black Mesa and Kayenta coal mines. I will examine the question of why certain Dine' continue to oppose the coal mines, and how much agency traditional Dine' have in "deciding" whether or not to relocate or take part in a coal-driven economy. My approach is qualitative, self-reflexive, and participatory; I am drawing on historical documents, previous economic and anthropological studies, contextual histories of the region, interviews, and my personal experience herding sheep in the vicinity of Black Mesa Coal Mine. Trying to understand these interactions as a nonnative has highlighted for me the importance and politics of storytelling in shaping physical reality. It has also highlighted for me the complications and importance of appropriate interactions between Native and non-native Americans. This is a personally important project that will be relevant to the people struggling to end coal mining in Black Mesa. Aside from that, I hope the integration of my research and experiences will shed some light on lessons of power and resilience, cultural survival, the politics of storytelling, the complicated interactions between white and Native cultures, and understanding land use decisions from Navajo country.
The Fiji government perceived mining as a means to accelerate economic growth because of its potential to generate great wealth for the Fijian economy. However, the environmental and social impacts associated with mining is of great concern. Mining activities have caused immense environmental degradations that affect livelihoods. One way to recompense these mining impacts is to provide a source of income to the landowners that can substitute the providence of natural resources that were damaged or completely taken away by mining activities. From the current revenue earned from mining, only land leases have been paid out to landowners and no royalty payments as yet, because there are no specific guidelines to determine the distributions. These have brought about the great need to determine the fair share of mineral royalties between the Fiji Government and the landowners in Fiji. This paper will therefore explicate the formation of coalitions based on similarities in policy beliefs, the various strategies undertaken to interact and network with each coalition in efforts to advocate core policy beliefs to obtain government&rsquo ; s attention for the formulation of Fiji&rsquo ; s Mineral Royalty Policy, based on the analytical lenses of Advocacy Coalition Framework and Issue Network Theory, at both the problem definition and agenda setting stages. Moreover, this paper also investigates the impacts of political instability in formulating Fiji&rsquo ; s first ever Mineral Royalty Policy.
The life of a farmer is very different due to the implementation of the mining policy. The purposes of this research were to know the actual condition of the community life of farmers in the ring area of the mine in District of Bahodopi and to analyze the impact of nickel mining and recommending policy management systems of natural resources that benefit the community of farmers. This approach used a descriptive qualitative approach by observation method with participation, in depth interviews, and documentation. For the data analysis stage of this research, namely data collection by specifying the informant throughpurposive sampling and continued with the reduction of the data by the method of presentation of data, and then snowball and the withdrawal of the conclusion. The results showed nickel mining has positive and negative impacts such as providing employment opportunities and business opportunities; food stalls, souvenir supplies business and housing, the conflict between farmers and companies that are triggered by a mudflow that cascaded into the farmland residents resulting in agricultural output that shrank, the majority of agricultural land is converted into mining areas so that the resulting loss of land as a sourceof intergenerational life, mining does not guarantee social welfare economic community of farmers. For farmers the presence of mine was certain will make an impact long term disaster. The Government should evaluate or review the return policy that has been applied as well as the effects of the current mining management, especially in matters related to agriculture or farmer's life.Keywords: farmers; policy; the response; meaning.
Background: Mine closures generally reveal negligence on the part of mining houses, not only in terms of the environment, but also the surrounding mining communities. Aim: This article reflects on the findings of research into the socio-economic consequences of mine closure. The research specifically explored how mineworkers' dependency on their employment at a mine affects their ability to sustain their livelihood. Setting: The research was conducted at the Orkney Mine and the Grootvlei Mine (Springs). Methods: The research was conducted within a naturalistic domain, guided by a relativist orientation, a constructivist ontology and an interpretivist epistemology. Data were collected by means of document analysis, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion and unstructured observation. Results: From the research findings, it is evident that mine closures, in general, have a devastating effect on the surrounding mining communities as well as on the employees. Mine closures in the case studies gradually depleted the mining communities' livelihood assets and resulted in the collapse of their coping strategies and livelihood outcomes. It generally affected the communities' nutrition, health, education, food security, water, shelter, levels of community participation and personal safety. Conclusion: If not managed efficiently and effectively, mine closures may pose significant challenges to the mining industry, government, the environment, national and local economic prosperity and communities in the peripheral areas of mines. This truly amplifies that mine closure, whether temporary or permanent, is an issue that needs to be addressed with responsibility towards all stakeholders, including the mining community and the labour force. ; https://doi.org/10.4102/td. v14i1.458
In this study object-based image analysis (OBIA) techniques were applied to assess land cover changes related to mineral extraction in a conflict-affected area of the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) over a period of five years based on very high resolution (VHR) satellite data of different sensors. Object-based approaches explicitly consider spatio-temporal aspects which allow extracting important information to document mining activities. The use of remote sensing data as an independent, up-to-date and reliable data source provided hints on the general development of the mining sector in relation to socio-economic and political decisions. While in early 2010, the situation was still characterised by an intensification of mineral extraction, a mining ban between autumn 2010 and spring 2011 marked the starting point for a continuous decrease of mining activities. The latter can be substantiated through a decrease in the extend of the mining area as well as of the number of dwellings in the nearby settlement. A following demilitarisation and the mentioned need for accountability with respect to the origin of certain minerals led to organised, more industrialized exploitation. This development is likewise visible on satellite imagery as typical clearings within forested areas. The results of the continuous monitoring in turn facilitate non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to further foster the mentioned establishment of responsible supply chains by the mining industry throughout the entire period of investigation.
Background: Mine closures generally reveal negligence on the part of mining houses, not only in terms of the environment, but also the surrounding mining communities. Aim: This article reflects on the findings of research into the socio-economic consequences of mine closure. The research specifically explored how mineworkers' dependency on their employment at a mine affects their ability to sustain their livelihood. Setting: The research was conducted at the Orkney Mine and the Grootvlei Mine (Springs). Methods: The research was conducted within a naturalistic domain, guided by a relativist orientation, a constructivist ontology and an interpretivist epistemology. Data were collected by means of document analysis, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion and unstructured observation. Results: From the research findings, it is evident that mine closures, in general, have a devastating effect on the surrounding mining communities as well as on the employees. Mine closures in the case studies gradually depleted the mining communities' livelihood assets and resulted in the collapse of their coping strategies and livelihood outcomes. It generally affected the communities' nutrition, health, education, food security, water, shelter, levels of community participation and personal safety. Conclusion: If not managed efficiently and effectively, mine closures may pose significant challenges to the mining industry, government, the environment, national and local economic prosperity and communities in the peripheral areas of mines. This truly amplifies that mine closure, whether temporary or permanent, is an issue that needs to be addressed with responsibility towards all stakeholders, including the mining community and the labour force. ; https://doi.org/10.4102/td. v14i1.458
ABSTRACTIndonesia is a country with abundant natural wealth, which are of mineral. Minerals mine in Indonesia is of mineral excellent and desired by other countries and is used for the people's welfare. Therefore, in order to empower the wealth of mine made the policies in regulating mining activities. Samarinda city that has made the natural wealth in mining Regulation Number 12th at year 2013 on Mineral and coal. This study aims to determine how the implementation of this regulation in the field. Is this regulation is able to answer the needs of mining in samarinda, given the conditions of Samarinda which has now begun damaged surrounded by mining activity. The results showed (1) of this regulation has many defects in its formulation, ranging from using uu that are not used again until many chapters in this regulation as opposed to uu rules above, (2) This regulation does not set the auction process in the process WIUP manufacture. (3) Certificate of Original (SKAB in indonesian) also published in this regulation, whereas SKAB is no longer allowed to be applied based on the Circular Letter of the Directorate General of Mineral and Coal, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 02 E / 30 / DJB / 2012. In response to the above, then by reducing the Mining Permit and crack down on violators could be a stepping stone in order to be saved from Samarinda City Environmental Damage which is increasingly severe. In addition to planning a Mining Rule Government should examine in depth so that the Regulation is derived can be executed and implemented in line with expectations without damaging the environment.
ABSTRACTIndonesia is a country with abundant natural wealth, which are of mineral. Minerals mine in Indonesia is of mineral excellent and desired by other countries and is used for the people's welfare. Therefore, in order to empower the wealth of mine made the policies in regulating mining activities. Samarinda city that has made the natural wealth in mining Regulation Number 12th at year 2013 on Mineral and coal. This study aims to determine how the implementation of this regulation in the field. Is this regulation is able to answer the needs of mining in samarinda, given the conditions of Samarinda which has now begun damaged surrounded by mining activity. The results showed (1) of this regulation has many defects in its formulation, ranging from using uu that are not used again until many chapters in this regulation as opposed to uu rules above, (2) This regulation does not set the auction process in the process WIUP manufacture. (3) Certificate of Original (SKAB in indonesian) also published in this regulation, whereas SKAB is no longer allowed to be applied based on the Circular Letter of the Directorate General of Mineral and Coal, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 02 E / 30 / DJB / 2012. In response to the above, then by reducing the Mining Permit and crack down on violators could be a stepping stone in order to be saved from Samarinda City Environmental Damage which is increasingly severe. In addition to planning a Mining Rule Government should examine in depth so that the Regulation is derived can be executed and implemented in line with expectations without damaging the environment.
In this study object-based image analysis (OBIA) techniques were applied to assess land cover changes related to mineral extraction in a conflict-affected area of the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) over a period of five years based on very high resolution (VHR) satellite data of different sensors. Object-based approaches explicitly consider spatio-temporal aspects which allow extracting important information to document mining activities. The use of remote sensing data as an independent, up-to-date and reliable data source provided hints on the general development of the mining sector in relation to socio-economic and political decisions. While in early 2010, the situation was still characterised by an intensification of mineral extraction, a mining ban between autumn 2010 and spring 2011 marked the starting point for a continuous decrease of mining activities. The latter can be substantiated through a decrease in the extend of the mining area as well as of the number of dwellings in the nearby settlement. A following demilitarisation and the mentioned need for accountability with respect to the origin of certain minerals led to organised, more industrialized exploitation. This development is likewise visible on satellite imagery as typical clearings within forested areas. The results of the continuous monitoring in turn facilitate non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to further foster the mentioned establishment of responsible supply chains by the mining industry throughout the entire period of investigation.
Purpose: the aim is to present a concept of relative sustainable development that is linked to a specific environment; this concept refers to the Italian mining sector. The need for a new conceptualisation derives from the fact that an absolute value to the sustainable development forces to lose sight of the specific environment in which it was inserted.Design/Methodology/Approach: on the basis on meetings conducted with professionals of the mining sector, a model that describes the economic environment has been developed. In addition, specific problems that characterise the Italian case (e.g. the drop in mining production, the poor professional training, the anachronistic set of rules, the syndrome NIMBY, the poor dissemination of mining culture) have been considered.FINDINGS: it has been demonstrated that the sustainable development is a relative concept which is inevitably linked to the context. In other words, an unequivocal definition of the concept does not exist. In fact, different definitions are possible on the basis of the importance that is given to economic, environmental and social principles.Originality/Value: differently than before, sustainable development is examined considering the linked environment, not only as a set of natural resources but as a system composed by actors involved in the economic environment which includes a stated political order, a level of technology, and stakeholders. Furthermore, a solution to the problems affecting the Italian mining sector is suggested: i.e. an independent and permanent comparison table with a Scientific Committee that gives support to policymaker, disseminate culture in the local communities and harmonize the set of rules etc. would be useful.KEY WORDS Sustainable development | economic environment model | mining activity.CLASSIFICATION Conceptual paper.
Монгол Улсын эдийн засаг өндөр хурдацтай өсч байгаа нь уул уурхайн салбарын өсөлттэй салшгүй холбоотой. Уул уурхайн салбарт өсөлт бий болж эерэг үр дүн гарч байгаа ч эрдсийн бүтээгдэхүүнийг олон улсын зах зээлийн үнээс хямд үнээр экспортлож байна. Үүний зэрэгцээ манай орны уул уурхайн худалдаа зохион байгуулалтгүй, төсвийн орлого бүрдэлт, эрдсийн бүтээгдэхүүний чанар, боловсруулалтын түвшин хангалтгүй байгаа нь олон улсын зах зээлд өрсөлдөх чадварыг сулруулж байгаа зэрэг сөрөг үзэгдэл байсаар байна.
Монгол Улсын уул уурхайн салбарт тулгарч байгаа асуудлыг судалж олон улсын жишгээр уул уурхайн бүтээгдэхүүний биржийг Монгол Улсад байгуулах нь зүйтэй гэсэн саналыг дэвшүүлж байна. Уул уурхайн бүтээгдэхүүний биржийн талаар судлахдаа манай орны эрдсийн бүтээгдэхүүний нөөц, үйлдвэрлэл, хэрэглээ болон олон улсын металлын биржийн туршлага зэргийг харгалзаж үзсэн болно.
Requirements and Opportunities for Establishment of Mining exchange in Mongolia
A rapid economic growth of Mongolia is inseparable linked to the development of mining industry. Although there is a positive result in the mining industry sector, mineral products are exported in low price compared to the world market one. Besides there is a negative factor that impacts on competitiveness of products in the world market budgeting due to the unorganized mining trading, and quality of mineral products is unsatisfactory. Establishment of Mining Exchange based on research of mining sector's issues in Mongolia is required. The research on Mining Exchange of international exchange considered the experience of minerals reserve, manufacturing and consumption.
In this issue. World War II, timber, logging operations, Butte, smelters, Anaconda, lumber camps, mining, war production, people & places, swamper, Bonner, Montana, Library car, meals ; https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/copper_commando/1058/thumbnail.jpg
Ilustraciones, gráficos ; La caracterización de redes sociales en torno a la protección de las familias en un contexto de extracción minera a gran escala en California (Santander), cobra sentido por la coyuntura del proceso de licenciamiento ambiental del Proyecto de explotación subterránea de minerales auroargentíferos "Soto Norte", en zona bosque alto andino y zona de páramo (Santurbán). La empresa MINESA, que cuenta con el respaldo de de Mubadala Investment Company, grupo empresarial de inversión y desarrollo del gobierno de Abu Dhabi, Emiratos Árabes Unidos proyecta la extracción de aproximadamente, 9 millones de onzas de oro durante los próximos 23 años, lo que implica la instalación de infraestructura en los municipios de California y Suratá con las consecuentes afectaciones al medio ambiente y las relaciones de los pobladores con su territorio. La investigación busca caracterizar las redes sociales vinculares en torno a la protección de las familias en el contexto de gran minería y se desarrolla mediante la metodología de modelización sistémica a través de 4 fases de aplicación; Fase I. Descripción de las redes sociales del Municipio de California (Santander); Fase II: Comprensión de las dinámicas vinculares de las redes sociales del territorio; Fase III: Comprensión de las dinámicas vinculares de las institucionales encargadas de la protección de la familia Y Fase IV: Comprensión del grado de vulnerabilidad y generatividad de familias que se vinculan con instituciones encargadas de su protección. ; The characterization of social networks around the protection of families in a context of large-scale mining extraction in California (Santander), makes sense due to the situation of the environmental licensing process of the "Soto Norte" Gold-Silver Minerals Underground Exploitation Project, in the high Andean forest area and the Páramo area (Santurbán). The company MINESA, which is backed by the Mubadala Investment Company, an investment and development business group of the government of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, projects the extraction of approximately 9 million ounces of gold over the next 23 years, which implies the installation of infrastructure in the townships of California and Suratá, with the consequent effects on the environment and the inhabitants´ relation with their territory. The research seeks to characterize these linked social networks around the protection of families in the context of large-scale mining and is developed through the systemic modeling methodology through 4 application phases: Phase I. Description of the social networks of the Municipality of California (Santander); Phase II: Understanding of the linking dynamics of the territory's social networks; Phase III: Understanding the relationship dynamics of the institutions in charge of protecting the family and Phase IV: Understanding the degree of vulnerability and generativity of families that are linked with institutions in charge of their protection. ; Magíster en Estudios de Familia ; Maestría