Suchergebnisse

Since they appeared, the studies of Science, Technology & Society (STS) have been interested in education as the key to help the citizens of tomorrow to participate in the discussions dealing with the future of technoscience. In Spain, the STS subjects became part of the secondary school programs since the educational reform. Nevertheless, the analysis of the textbooks used in Catalonia shows that a deterministic vision of science & technology - both of them thought as entities with their own logic of development, independent from social reality - coexists with a neutralistic conception, which considers technoscience as a basic tool that can be used by humanity either in a correct or an incorrect way. The student has the perception that science & technology shape the social reality, but that are somehow independent from society.

Once considered a marginal or even irrelevant issue, in recent years, the environment has come to occupy an increasingly important place on the political, social and economic agenda. Environmental conflicts are often due to conflicting political and economic interests and can have major social repercussions. Until recently, little economic value was attached to drinking water; the same was true of arable land, energy generation and most natural resources. Pollution was regarded as a minor problem. Today, the economic and social value and costs of the environment are seen as incalculable and growing. Soil, food, water and air pollution have led to a significant increase in disease, and the cost of the ensuing environmental clean–up can be exponential. While the solutions are necessarily biological, they can have considerable economic consequences, too ; Postprint (published version)

El ensayo examina tres aspectos de la decapitación de Luis XVI para demostrar como ésta simbolizó una transformación del principio de legitimidad política, a la vez que impactó en el desarrollo de las concepciones modernas de justicia formal y justicia sustantiva. La decapitación es considerada una metáfora de la transferencia de soberanía del rey a la ciudadanía, y es analizada poniendo énfasis en los discursos convencionales de Saint Just y Condorcet, y sus distintas concepciones de legalidad y legitimidad. Estas dos líneas de pensamiento son posteriormente analizadas como el fundamento de dos de las tendencias surgidas de la Revolución Francesa: los derechos humanos y el totalitarismo en sus versiones modernas. ; Th is essay examines three aspects of the beheading of king Louis XVI to show how it symbolized the transformation of the legitimacy principle of the body politic, and the development of modern formal and substantive justice. Th e beheading is seen as a metaphor of the transference of sovereignty from the king to the people. Louis Capet's is analyzed focusing on the speeches of Saint Just and Condorcet, and their opposing conceptions of legality and legitimacy. Th ese two threads are considered as fundamentals of two of the trends developed as part of the legacy of the French Revolution: the modern approach to human rights and totalitarianism.

Ressenya: Pilar Godayol i Annarita Taronna, eds. 2018. Foreign Women Authors under Fascism and Francoism. Gender, Translation and Censorship. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 217 p.

. ; Hablar del pueblo gitano hoy se hace mucho más complejo que, posiblemente, cinco o diez años atrás. Ni la sociedad no gitana, ni la gitana es la misma. La globalización, y sus efectos, también ha llegado a los grupos culturales más pequeños. Hace diez años, el pueblo gitano era la minoría étnica nacional, o así se reconocía en documentos oficiales, pero hoy, este rol se ha visto relegado o incluso ha desaparecido. Otras culturas y grupos étnicos les han pasado delante. Esta nueva situación, no ha encontrado preparados ni a los gitanos, ni a las administraciones. En este marco, se reflexiona en torno a conceptos como cultura, integración. etc. , que ya hada años que desde ámbitos reducidos se realizaba en torno al pueblo gitano, pero que hasta el momento no ha tomado un papel primordial en el mundo social y académico, y evidentemente, en el político y en el asociativo. ; This currently much more complex to refer to the Gypsy people than it may have beenfive or ten years ago. Neither non-Gypsy nor Gypsy society is the same as then. Globalisation and its consequences have also reached smaller cultural groups. Ten years ago. the Gypsy people were the nalional ethnic minorily. or at least referred to as such in official documents. Today. nonetheless. this role has been pushed aside or has even disappeared. Other cultures and ethnic groups have taken Gypsies' place. This new situation has caught Gypsies and administrations unprepared. In such a framework , analysis is devoted to concepts such as culture, integration, etc . as regards the Gypsy people. something which limited spheres of thought have already been engaged in for some time. but which has not been given an essential role in social and academic,nor obviously in political and associative realms until now.

El present assaig examina alguns dels enfocaments crítics i teòrics en l'àrea dels estudis de la memòria històrica i de la identitat que han sorgit com a resposta als reptes culturals contemporanis resultants de les transformacions polítiques i socials que s'han esdevingut de manera global durant les darreres dècades. L'assaig es centra en el cas pràctic del paper de la memòria històrica en la formació d'identitats col·lectives en l'Espanya contemporània, en el període posterior a la dictadura i en la subsegüent transició política. L'estudi explora de manera concreta l'ús del trop dels fantasmes en la literatura i el cinema espanyols contemporanis com a forma simptomàtica l'espectralitat del passat col·lectiu reprimit. ; Este ensayo examina algunos de los enfoques teóricos y críticos del campo de la memoria histórica y los estudios sobre la identidad que han surgido como respuesta a los retos culturales contemporáneos resultantes de las transformaciones políticas y sociales que se han sucedido en el mundo en las últimas décadas. El ensayo se centra en un estudio práctico del papel que ha tenido la memoria histórica en la formación de identidades colectivas en la España contemporánea, el período post-dictatorial y la posterior transición política. Asimismo, este estudio explora, en particular, el uso del tropo de la aparición de fantasmas en la literatura y el cine español contemporáneos como una forma sintomática de espectralidad de un pasado colectivo reprimido. ; This essay examines some of the critical and theoretical approaches in the area of historical memory and identity studies that have emerged as a response to the contemporary cultural challenges that have resulted from the social and political transformations which have taken place globally in the last decades. The essay narrows its focus to a case study of the role of historical memory in the formation of collective identities in contemporary Spain, in the aftermath of the dictatorship and the subsequent political transition. This study explores in particular the use of the trope of haunting ghosts in contemporary Spanish literature and cinema as symtomatic form of spectrality of the repressed collective past.

Throughout history, Kropotkin argued, "sorcerers, prophets, priests and heads of military organizations" have endeavoured to establish their power and authority over the common people, and people have always resisted. Thus in a sense, Kropotkin concluded, govern mentalists and the common people as anarchists, have co-existed throughout Human history