Suchergebnisse

It seems difficult to define competence of Ministry of Environment. Ambiguity when defining the idea of competence in legal base brings many questions into the process of implementation of environmental protection, where Ministry of Environment is the main managing Government authority of the Republic of Lithuania. Idea of competence of Ministry of Environment can be researched in two main levels. The first one is where idea of competence is analysed vertically, it means in proportion with other authorities of the Republic of Lithuania, in proportion with other institutions, also proceeding in process of environmental protection and in wiew of system of Ministry of Environment, including subordinate institutions of Ministry of Environment. Idea of competence also can be researched horizontally, resolving it into competence which is used during process of each Ministry's of Environment function and goal implementation. Idea of competence is being analysed more in first – vertical level, but horizontal level is also considered. Practice of Mnistry of Environment is also analysed as a process, whereas the competence of Ministry of Environment is implemented during this process. It is more importantly that the system of Ministry of Environment as a whole consists of many parts – not only departaments, but subordinate institutions also. That is where the problem of allocation of its competence is glaring. On purpose to solve these problems, the competence in system of Ministry of Environment should be firstly, clearly defined, and secondly, allocated within this system so that the disfunctions and ambiguities would be avoided.

It seems difficult to define competence of Ministry of Environment. Ambiguity when defining the idea of competence in legal base brings many questions into the process of implementation of environmental protection, where Ministry of Environment is the main managing Government authority of the Republic of Lithuania. Idea of competence of Ministry of Environment can be researched in two main levels. The first one is where idea of competence is analysed vertically, it means in proportion with other authorities of the Republic of Lithuania, in proportion with other institutions, also proceeding in process of environmental protection and in wiew of system of Ministry of Environment, including subordinate institutions of Ministry of Environment. Idea of competence also can be researched horizontally, resolving it into competence which is used during process of each Ministry's of Environment function and goal implementation. Idea of competence is being analysed more in first – vertical level, but horizontal level is also considered. Practice of Mnistry of Environment is also analysed as a process, whereas the competence of Ministry of Environment is implemented during this process. It is more importantly that the system of Ministry of Environment as a whole consists of many parts – not only departaments, but subordinate institutions also. That is where the problem of allocation of its competence is glaring. On purpose to solve these problems, the competence in system of Ministry of Environment should be firstly, clearly defined, and secondly, allocated within this system so that the disfunctions and ambiguities would be avoided.

It seems difficult to define competence of Ministry of Environment. Ambiguity when defining the idea of competence in legal base brings many questions into the process of implementation of environmental protection, where Ministry of Environment is the main managing Government authority of the Republic of Lithuania. Idea of competence of Ministry of Environment can be researched in two main levels. The first one is where idea of competence is analysed vertically, it means in proportion with other authorities of the Republic of Lithuania, in proportion with other institutions, also proceeding in process of environmental protection and in wiew of system of Ministry of Environment, including subordinate institutions of Ministry of Environment. Idea of competence also can be researched horizontally, resolving it into competence which is used during process of each Ministry's of Environment function and goal implementation. Idea of competence is being analysed more in first – vertical level, but horizontal level is also considered. Practice of Mnistry of Environment is also analysed as a process, whereas the competence of Ministry of Environment is implemented during this process. It is more importantly that the system of Ministry of Environment as a whole consists of many parts – not only departaments, but subordinate institutions also. That is where the problem of allocation of its competence is glaring. On purpose to solve these problems, the competence in system of Ministry of Environment should be firstly, clearly defined, and secondly, allocated within this system so that the disfunctions and ambiguities would be avoided.

It seems difficult to define competence of Ministry of Environment. Ambiguity when defining the idea of competence in legal base brings many questions into the process of implementation of environmental protection, where Ministry of Environment is the main managing Government authority of the Republic of Lithuania. Idea of competence of Ministry of Environment can be researched in two main levels. The first one is where idea of competence is analysed vertically, it means in proportion with other authorities of the Republic of Lithuania, in proportion with other institutions, also proceeding in process of environmental protection and in wiew of system of Ministry of Environment, including subordinate institutions of Ministry of Environment. Idea of competence also can be researched horizontally, resolving it into competence which is used during process of each Ministry's of Environment function and goal implementation. Idea of competence is being analysed more in first – vertical level, but horizontal level is also considered. Practice of Mnistry of Environment is also analysed as a process, whereas the competence of Ministry of Environment is implemented during this process. It is more importantly that the system of Ministry of Environment as a whole consists of many parts – not only departaments, but subordinate institutions also. That is where the problem of allocation of its competence is glaring. On purpose to solve these problems, the competence in system of Ministry of Environment should be firstly, clearly defined, and secondly, allocated within this system so that the disfunctions and ambiguities would be avoided.

Lithuanian authors have challenges to study Russia's politics of history. The analysis is complicated because of a few factors. Diplomatic disputes and informative wars between Lithuania and Russia concerning historical questions have encouraged researches by historians but not by political scientists. In Lithuania, the questions of who and how is forming the history politics of Russia, what is its content and the function it accomplishes, remain unexamined. The analysis is further complicated by disagreement among Russian political scientists, historians, journalists, and politicians over the existence of such politics. The present analysis demonstrates that post-soviet Russia perceives the importance of historical memory, i.e. it understands that historical memory and its forms depend on the states' politics. Russia's political history genesis testifies that trends of such politics depend on the geopolitical orientation of its government. The end of the Cold War did not manage to conceal the fundamental differences between Europe and Russia. The wave of liberalism and democracy, which spread over Central and Eastern Europe as well as Russian Federation, has caused tension in Russia ruled by B. Yeltsin. Yeltsin's Russia was not able to tackle this problem by using measures of history politics in order to lessen the distance between Russia and the West. V. Putin undertook to find the solution to this situation, and he did. By using changes of international politics, he builds the image of Russia as a great power. Politics of history are subordinated to build this image; also, it is used as an instrument in domestic politics. The history politics of Russia has taken the shape of a manipulative form and serves the interests of V. Putins's power.

Lithuanian authors have challenges to study Russia's politics of history. The analysis is complicated because of a few factors. Diplomatic disputes and informative wars between Lithuania and Russia concerning historical questions have encouraged researches by historians but not by political scientists. In Lithuania, the questions of who and how is forming the history politics of Russia, what is its content and the function it accomplishes, remain unexamined. The analysis is further complicated by disagreement among Russian political scientists, historians, journalists, and politicians over the existence of such politics. The present analysis demonstrates that post-soviet Russia perceives the importance of historical memory, i.e. it understands that historical memory and its forms depend on the states' politics. Russia's political history genesis testifies that trends of such politics depend on the geopolitical orientation of its government. The end of the Cold War did not manage to conceal the fundamental differences between Europe and Russia. The wave of liberalism and democracy, which spread over Central and Eastern Europe as well as Russian Federation, has caused tension in Russia ruled by B. Yeltsin. Yeltsin's Russia was not able to tackle this problem by using measures of history politics in order to lessen the distance between Russia and the West. V. Putin undertook to find the solution to this situation, and he did. By using changes of international politics, he builds the image of Russia as a great power. Politics of history are subordinated to build this image; also, it is used as an instrument in domestic politics. The history politics of Russia has taken the shape of a manipulative form and serves the interests of V. Putins's power.

Lithuanian authors have challenges to study Russia's politics of history. The analysis is complicated because of a few factors. Diplomatic disputes and informative wars between Lithuania and Russia concerning historical questions have encouraged researches by historians but not by political scientists. In Lithuania, the questions of who and how is forming the history politics of Russia, what is its content and the function it accomplishes, remain unexamined. The analysis is further complicated by disagreement among Russian political scientists, historians, journalists, and politicians over the existence of such politics. The present analysis demonstrates that post-soviet Russia perceives the importance of historical memory, i.e. it understands that historical memory and its forms depend on the states' politics. Russia's political history genesis testifies that trends of such politics depend on the geopolitical orientation of its government. The end of the Cold War did not manage to conceal the fundamental differences between Europe and Russia. The wave of liberalism and democracy, which spread over Central and Eastern Europe as well as Russian Federation, has caused tension in Russia ruled by B. Yeltsin. Yeltsin's Russia was not able to tackle this problem by using measures of history politics in order to lessen the distance between Russia and the West. V. Putin undertook to find the solution to this situation, and he did. By using changes of international politics, he builds the image of Russia as a great power. Politics of history are subordinated to build this image; also, it is used as an instrument in domestic politics. The history politics of Russia has taken the shape of a manipulative form and serves the interests of V. Putins's power.

Lithuanian authors have challenges to study Russia's politics of history. The analysis is complicated because of a few factors. Diplomatic disputes and informative wars between Lithuania and Russia concerning historical questions have encouraged researches by historians but not by political scientists. In Lithuania, the questions of who and how is forming the history politics of Russia, what is its content and the function it accomplishes, remain unexamined. The analysis is further complicated by disagreement among Russian political scientists, historians, journalists, and politicians over the existence of such politics. The present analysis demonstrates that post-soviet Russia perceives the importance of historical memory, i.e. it understands that historical memory and its forms depend on the states' politics. Russia's political history genesis testifies that trends of such politics depend on the geopolitical orientation of its government. The end of the Cold War did not manage to conceal the fundamental differences between Europe and Russia. The wave of liberalism and democracy, which spread over Central and Eastern Europe as well as Russian Federation, has caused tension in Russia ruled by B. Yeltsin. Yeltsin's Russia was not able to tackle this problem by using measures of history politics in order to lessen the distance between Russia and the West. V. Putin undertook to find the solution to this situation, and he did. By using changes of international politics, he builds the image of Russia as a great power. Politics of history are subordinated to build this image; also, it is used as an instrument in domestic politics. The history politics of Russia has taken the shape of a manipulative form and serves the interests of V. Putins's power.

Policies being formed by the European Union have had a significant positive influence in developing an effective role of the state and forming economical policy of the country. However, there are cases when institutions of the European Union dictate certain decisions to the member and candidate states, and those decisions do not necessarily serve best interests of the states. Aim of this paper - is to analyze impact of the European Union and Lithuanian state environmental sector regulatory policy harmonization, using a case study of The European Environment Agency analysis. To reach the goal has been taken account European Union regulatory agencies' functioning characteristics, the main environmental priorities of the European Union and those of the Republic of Lithuania, and analyzing European Environment Agency's role in harmonizing Lithuanian environmental policy. Summarizing the results of the paper, it can be asserted that regulatory agencies are very important and useful for the efficient functioning of the European Union. National differences of member states can be eliminated by invoking the most proper method of regulatory policy. Environmental policy of the European Union is based on attitude that high environmental standards promote innovations, open business opportunities and further economical growth. When Lithuania joined the European Union, significant consideration was given to harmonizing new laws and projects of other legal acts with the guidelines expressed in the directives of the European Union. According to the survey The European Environment Agency effectively performs functions related to collection, coordination, systematization and presentation of information concerning Lithuania, but the agency does not have a direct impact on harmonizing the Lithuanian environmental policy. The Agency does not take part in coordination of environmental policies of the European Union and Lithuania. European Environment Agency provides information of recommendatory nature and has "soft" impact on Lithuania's environmental policy.

The scientific conference 'Ethics in the Environment of Media and Technologies' held at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences is reviewed in the article. The text represents the course of the conference and the main thoughts of speakers, and some ideas of the participants are discussed in more detail. The topics explored in this scientific event are the following: the meaning of sacrifice, decentered subject in media, the wars of world-views, technical artefacts in the antique philosophy, the problem of nihilism in Heidegger's philosophy, ethics of representation of vulnerable subjects, paradoxes of media ethics, face in media, evil in communication, ethics of cultural and creative industries, ethics of technology, and various other ethical problems of media, politics and medicine.

The scientific conference 'Ethics in the Environment of Media and Technologies' held at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences is reviewed in the article. The text represents the course of the conference and the main thoughts of speakers, and some ideas of the participants are discussed in more detail. The topics explored in this scientific event are the following: the meaning of sacrifice, decentered subject in media, the wars of world-views, technical artefacts in the antique philosophy, the problem of nihilism in Heidegger's philosophy, ethics of representation of vulnerable subjects, paradoxes of media ethics, face in media, evil in communication, ethics of cultural and creative industries, ethics of technology, and various other ethical problems of media, politics and medicine.

Strategic management of the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania is relevant to the topic of the master's thesis, because in the context of rapid economic development and improvement of social standard of living it is important to harmonize all ongoing processes with environmental requirements. As a result, the Ministry of the Environment needs to develop a strategic plan that will help to control everything and achieve its goals. The master's thesis raised a problematic question - how the Strategic Action Plan of the Ministry of Environment corresponds to the long-term strategies of the country and how the strategic action plans are implemented. The aim of this final work is to carry out strategic management analysis of the Ministry of Environment, to analyze emerging problems for implementation of strategic management and to make recommendations for improving the efficiency of strategic management. To achieve this goal the following tasks were set: to analyze the theoretical aspects of the strategic management system; to analyze the key strategic documents on the basis of which the strategic plan of the Ministry of Environment is being prepared; to conduct strategic management analysis of the Ministry of Environment; to identify key issues for strategic planning and implementation of action plans. During the preparation of Master's thesis, mixed analysis methods were used - analysis and comparison of scientific literature, legal acts and other documents, empirical research (interview method), and data processing - interpretation and generalization method. Conclusions and recommendations are presented at the end of the work. After analyzing the documents it can be stated that the Ministry of Environment prepares strategic plans in accordance with the exact requirements and forms of preparation of the strategic plan specified in legal acts. Analyzing the implementation of the Strategic Action Plan of the Ministry of Environment, it was observed that out of 18 criteria for measuring progress, as many as 10 were achieved and 8 were not achieved. Analyzing the expert answers provided in the study it can be stated that the main failures in the implementation of the Strategic Action Plan of the Ministry of Environment are: lack of financial resources, too formal approach, lack of information and political decisions. It is suggested that the Ministry of the Environment carry out a new PEST analysis, encourage greater teamwork, enhance and broaden the benefits of strategic planning by sending executives to training, and change attitudes so that a failure to measure progress is not a negative indicator. This work consists of introduction, three chapters - theoretical, methodological, research analysis, conclusions, suggestions, a reference list, summaries in Lithuanian and English and appendices.

Strategic management of the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania is relevant to the topic of the master's thesis, because in the context of rapid economic development and improvement of social standard of living it is important to harmonize all ongoing processes with environmental requirements. As a result, the Ministry of the Environment needs to develop a strategic plan that will help to control everything and achieve its goals. The master's thesis raised a problematic question - how the Strategic Action Plan of the Ministry of Environment corresponds to the long-term strategies of the country and how the strategic action plans are implemented. The aim of this final work is to carry out strategic management analysis of the Ministry of Environment, to analyze emerging problems for implementation of strategic management and to make recommendations for improving the efficiency of strategic management. To achieve this goal the following tasks were set: to analyze the theoretical aspects of the strategic management system; to analyze the key strategic documents on the basis of which the strategic plan of the Ministry of Environment is being prepared; to conduct strategic management analysis of the Ministry of Environment; to identify key issues for strategic planning and implementation of action plans. During the preparation of Master's thesis, mixed analysis methods were used - analysis and comparison of scientific literature, legal acts and other documents, empirical research (interview method), and data processing - interpretation and generalization method. Conclusions and recommendations are presented at the end of the work. After analyzing the documents it can be stated that the Ministry of Environment prepares strategic plans in accordance with the exact requirements and forms of preparation of the strategic plan specified in legal acts. Analyzing the implementation of the Strategic Action Plan of the Ministry of Environment, it was observed that out of 18 criteria for measuring progress, as many as 10 were achieved and 8 were not achieved. Analyzing the expert answers provided in the study it can be stated that the main failures in the implementation of the Strategic Action Plan of the Ministry of Environment are: lack of financial resources, too formal approach, lack of information and political decisions. It is suggested that the Ministry of the Environment carry out a new PEST analysis, encourage greater teamwork, enhance and broaden the benefits of strategic planning by sending executives to training, and change attitudes so that a failure to measure progress is not a negative indicator. This work consists of introduction, three chapters - theoretical, methodological, research analysis, conclusions, suggestions, a reference list, summaries in Lithuanian and English and appendices.

The relevance of the research. The emergence of temporary employment as an atypical form of work organization has become a relevant topic in the research of human resource management processes. Researchers analyze temporary employment not only as an atypical form of work organization, but also note that its practical use in labour market is characterized by flexibility while integrating workers into labour market and improving the productivity of the companies. The problem of the research. There is the lack of research and findings in scientific literature on temporary employment companies, empowering to reveal the flexibility of temporary employment management, its improvement and factors affecting it. There is little discussion among researchers about temporary employment as a flexible form of work organization, the tripartite relationship between a temporary employee, a temporary employment company and a user of temporary work. Specific and narrow issues are most often analysed. The description of the problem in this article can be summarized by the following problematic question: What are the factors that influence the management of a temporary employment company? Object of the research: factors that influence the management of a temporary employment company. Aim of the research: to disclose the factors determining the management of the activities of a temporary employment company. Research methods: Focus group, analysis of scientific literature, systematization, generalization and comparison, analysis of the contents of legal acts, statistics and other documents, methods of deduction and theoretical modelling, analysis, comparison and generalization of scientific statements and empirical research findings based on them, presentation of interpretations. Temporary employment is one of the forms of precarious employment and non-standard employment relationships. Unconventional employment patterns, in particular short-term and temporary work, have spread in many countries over the last few decades, but there is no universally accepted definition of temporary employment in scientific literature, as each country sets up their own specific regulation of employment. Temporary workers are usually considered to be workers who have concluded employment contracts for a specific period or for specific jobs, or those who have seasonal, casual or occasional work. It is widely recognized that temporary work improves the flexibility of labour market, has a positive economic impact, reduces unemployment and rapidly addresses temporary human resource shortages in companies. The form of temporary employment is convenient for disabled people, people with children and students for flexible integration into labour market, as it allows to take into consideration the mutual interests of the company and the temporary worker. Temporary employment services are provided by companies and agencies officially registered for these activities, which include the following functions: search and selection of employees, employee work accounting, employment contracts, etc. In Lithuania, the activities of temporary employment companies are regulated by the Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania, and the criteria evaluation system of temporary employment companies is used to evaluate the activities of temporary employment companies. Every year, a temporary employment company has to submit a notice to the State Labour Inspectorate that it meets the established criteria. This article analyses a temporary employment company, coded as X at the request of its employees in order to maintain confidentiality. Information about the activities of this company in 2019 was provided by five company employees. The company has been providing temporary employment services in Northern Lithuania since 2012. The annual average number of temporary employees is about 70. The customers of the company – the users of temporary employment – are companies operating in manufacturing sector. The company establishes a tripartite employment relationship between a temporary employment user, a temporary employee and a temporary employment company, it employs a temporary employee and then sends an employee to work for a temporary employment beneficiary. The demand for services provided by Company X is determined by internal factors of collaboration with customers. Customers strive to minimize time and other resources and receive quality service. Manufacturing companies apply to Company X due to temporary increase in the scope of work, seasonality, sickness or holidays of employees. Company X expeditiously seeks the necessary employees for temporary employment in its existing database of job candidates or in labour market and then performs the necessary recruitment procedures. The company's activities are strongly influenced by external factors: legislative system, economic and demographic situation of the country, unemployment rate, the education level of employed employees and qualification improvement system of the country. A probabilistic analysis of opportunities of Company X and their impact on its business has disclosed that there is a high probability that a company can attract more customers in the course of different events and that this would have a significant impact on the company's business. The establishment of new divisions in other Lithuanian cities would also have a significant impact on this business, however, such establishment is unlikely. A probability analysis of threats and their impact on its business of Company X suggests that automation of workplaces for the company would be the factor that has the greatest negative impact on the company's business, as it would reduce the need for temporary workers. New competitors, as a medium impact factor, have negative impact, however, due to the fact that the terms and conditions for engaging in these activities for temporary employment companies are high, the likelihood of this threat is low. The highest probability of threats is related to temporary workers, their experience, their qualifications and competencies, low motivation to work, low wages and the impact of emigration. There are five temporary employment companies operating in Šiauliai city and region. The analysis of the competitive environment of Company X revealed that the price of the service is the most important factor for success of five companies in Šiauliai city and region, as the importance of this factor was evaluated by high scores of 2-3,5 by competitors. This is followed by the available base of temporary staff, the image of the company in society and among customers. The timing of service orders is significantly more important to Company X than to other four companies, and conversely, the cost of temporary employment service is much more important to other four companies. In terms of competitiveness, Company X is the second of five companies. As the gap in the estimates of competitiveness is not large, it can be stated that all five temporary employment service companies operating in Šiauliai city and region are similarly competitive.