Suchergebnisse

Tema ovog rada, korupcija, izazov za institucije Kosova, je vrlo široka i aktuelna tema koja obuhvata teorijski i praktični tretman. Korupcija, koja je opisana kao korištenje javne vlasti za pojedine namjene, je vrlo kompleksan pojam. To je odlika raznih društava i država, koja posljednjih nekoliko godina, smatra se kao vrlo prisutna pojava u zemljama u tranziciji, one nerazvijene kao i one u razvoju, navodeći kao prepreka za implementaciju demokratije. Korupcija ima tendenciju da raste brže od dinamike implementiranja za njenu neutralizaciju. Sistematski, korupcija je izazvala i nastavlja da izazive mnoge zabrinjavajuće probleme u svim zemljama svijeta, a posebno na Kosovu. Na osnovu izvještaja Transparency International-a, korupcija je jedna od najvećih izazova savremenog svijeta.Važnost proučavanja ovog problema kroz ovu temu ima za cilj prepoznati veličinu, strukturu i dinamiku ovog fenomena; da analizira sveobuhvatan utjecaj općih faktora. Na osnovu identifikacije problema korupcije, lokalnih i međunarodnih izvještaja koji zaključuju visok nivo ove vrste kriminala, pored drugih područja i u sigurnosnim pitanjima, korupcija se vidi kao ozbiljna rana za naše društvo. Obrazloženje ovog rada je logična posljedica fenomena korupcije u Republici Kosovo.Uzroci, posljedice i borba protiv korupcije su uvijek predmet brojnih istraživanja i razgovora među istraživačima, političarima i drugim akterima koji se bave ovim problemima, ne ostavljajući sa strane i segmentia civilnog društva. Ovi problemi predstavljaju predmet proučavanja ovog rada iz moje perspektive sa namerom da bi se pridružio opšte zabrinutosti zbog ove pojave.Tokom ovog studija će se koristiti različite metodologije, kao metodologija analize slučajeva korupcije, metoda komparativne analize, komparativne metode i statističke metode pojave i borbe protiv korupcije na Kosovu za godine 2012-2014.Za borbu i sprečavanje korupcije, društvo i institucije Kosova, pored preventivnih mjera, bi trebala provesti dostignute mjere iz nauke kriminalistike na osnovu savremenih trendova u sigurnostnom menadžmentu. Krajnji cilj ovog rada je utjelovljenje ili praktična primjena njegovih rezultata i statistike u naporima društva da spriječi, ograničuje i eliminira pojavu korupcije na Kosovu. --- The theme of this paper, corruption, the challenge for Kosovo institutions is a very broad and actual topic, which includes both theoretical and the practical handling. Corruption, which is described as the use of public power for individual purposes is a very complex concept. It is a feature of different societies and countries. In recent years it is considered as a very present phenomenon in transition countries, the least developed ones as well as developing countries, stating corruption as an obstacle to the implementation of democracy. Corruption tends to grow faster than the dynamics implemented to neutralize it. Systematically, it has caused and continues to cause many stressing problems in all countries of the world and especially in Kosovo. Based on a report of the Transparency International, corruption is one of the biggest challenges of the contemporary world.The importance of the study of this problem through this topic aims to recognize the size, structure and dynamics of this phenomenon; to analyze comprehensively the impact of general factors. Based on the identification of the problem of corruption, and local and international reports which establish a high level of this type of crime besides other areas in security issues, corruption is seen as a serious wound for our society. Rationality of this paper is the logical consequence of the corruption phenomenon in the Republic of Kosovo.Causes, consequences and fighting against corruption are always subject to numerous studies and discussions among researchers, politicians and other stakeholders dealing with these problems, not leaving out the segments of civil society. These concerns constitute the object of study of this paper from my perspective in order to join the general concern over this phenomenon.During this study, different methodologies will be used, as follows: methodology of the analysis of corruption cases, the method of comparative analysis, comparative methods and statistical methods of presenting and combating corruption in Kosovo for 2012-2014.For combating and preventing corruption, Kosovo society and institutions, in addition to preventive measures, should implement the measures of science of criminology achieved by contemporary trends in safety management. The ultimate goal of this work is the materialization or practical application of its results and statistics in the society efforts to prevent, limit and eliminate the phenomenon of corruption in Kosovo.

Pedagoški diskurs u području prevencije ovisničkog ponašanja usmjeren je k poticanju razvoja samopoštovanja, samopouzdanja i pozitivnog identiteta djeteta. Te se kvalitete smatraju «prvom zonom obrane» djeteta od različitih nepovoljnih utjecaja i mogućim oblikom prevencije autoagresivnih i socijalno neprihvatljivih oblika ponašanja. Takvo stajalište odražava shvaćanje djeteta kao racionalne i razborite osobe koja je u stanju reflektirati o svojem iskustvu i ponašanju te iziskuje odgoj temeljen na kvalitetnim odnosima i uvažavajućoj, recipročnoj komunikaciji. Riječ je o odgoju koji se distancira od prisiljavanja i bilo koje vrste pokoravanja djece, a oslanja na osnaživanje samoregulacijskih potencijala i autonomije djece. Za to je potrebna pretvorba odgojno-obrazovne ustanove u mjesto humanog i demokratičnog življenja, odgoja i učenja, što najčešće iziskuje kompleksnu promjenu na razini njezine cjelokupne kulture. ; Pedagogical discourse in the domain of addiction prevention is aimed at encouraging the development of self-respect, self-confidence and positive identity in a child. These qualities are considered to be the first 'line of defence' against various negative influences and a possible form of prevention of autoaggressive and socially unacceptable forms of behaviour. This view is reflected in the perception of children as rational and reasonable persons who are capable of reflecting on their experiences and behaviour, and calls for an education based on good relationships and caring, reciprocal communication. This is an approach to education that distances itself from coercion or any kind of subjugation of children, and relies on strengthening the self-regulatory potentials and autonomy of children. This requires a transformation of an educational institution into a place of humane and democratic life, education and learning, which in most cases calls for a complex change on the level of its culture as a whole.

Vrhovne revizijske institucije kao promotori jačanja odgovornosti u javnom sektoru važan su čimbenik demokratskog društvenog poretka. Svoje aktivnosti provode u okviru ustava, zakona te u skladu sa Međunarodnim standardima vrhovnih revizijskih institucija. Provode financijske revizije, revizije učinkovitosti te usklađenosti. Vrhovne revizijske institucije svojim djelovanjem utječu na kvalitetu javne usluge te stvaraju dodanu vrijednost društvu. U ovome radu naglasak je na transparentnom radu vrhovnih revizijskih institucija. Objava informacija na službenim mrežnim stranicama, u godišnjem izvještaju o radu te prisutnost na društvenim mrežama predstavljaju modele komunikacije vrhovnih revizijskih institucija putem kojih iste svoj rad i ulogu predstavljaju parlamentu i javnosti. ; Supreme audit institutions as promoters of strengthening accountability in the public sector are an important factor in democratic society. They act in accordance with legal framework and International standards of supreme audit institutions. Supreme audit institutions conduct financial audit, performance and compliance audit in public sector. They influence on the quality of public services and create added value for the society. This paper emphasizes the principles of transparency of supreme audit institutions. Official websites of supreme audit institutions, annual activity reports (also published on official website) and social networks present the most common communication channels for presenting the work and the role of supreme audit institutions to the parliament and to the general public.

Pranje novca, kao jedan od najsofisticiranijih i najtežih oblika organizovanog kriminaliteta, je i međunarodni fenomen jer se odvija i prisutan je, kako u nacionalnim tako i međunarodnim razmjerama. Međunarodni karakter odvijanja pranja novca je jedan od efikasnijih metoda da se prikrije nezakonito porijeklo novca ili bilo kojeg oblika imovine koja je proistekla izvršenjem, uglavnom, teških krivičnih djela.Problematika pranja novca je prisutna u nacionalnim i međunarodnim razmjerama i značajno je izražena u onim društvima gdje perači novca nastoje da legaliziraju kriminalom zarađenu dobit i da tu dobit infiltriraju u privredu i finansijske tokove, s ciljem da kontrolišu određene ekonomske i političke procese. Pranje novca predstavlja međunarodni zločin, zbog čega je međunarodna zajednica odlučila uspostaviti međunarodne standarde, sa zahtjevom da te standarde prihvati što veći broj zemalja svijeta. S obzirom na velike probleme i razne poteškoće na koje nailazi u borbi protiv svih oblika organizovanog kriminaliteta, kroz akcije usmjerene na same izvršioce ovih krivičnih djela, međunarodna zajednica je odlučila da svoju pažnju usmjeri na drugi moment ove borbe: novac, tj. prihod koji nastaje izvršenjem krivičnih djela organizovanog kriminaliteta. Shodno tome, međunarodna zajednica je odlučila da pokuša da udari tamo gdje će kriminalcima nanijeti najveće posljedice, tako što je preduzela velike akcije protiv pranja novca.U borbi protiv pranja novca stvoreni su čitavi institucionalni aparati; zbog njega se pišu nove i nove konvencije, direktive, preporuke; zbog njega se mora često mijenjati krivično zakonodavstvo; zbog pranja novca prestala je postojati tajnost računa I podataka banaka. Ponekad se, u toj borbi žrtvuju i osnovna ljudska prava, jer se praktično vodi rat protiv pranja novca. Obim intervencija, strategija i međunarodnih sporazuma, razrađenih da bi se prekinuli lanci pranja novca, širokog su raspona i veoma usavršeni. Pranje novca je veoma veliki biznis, koji nije lako kontrolisati putem međunarodnih sporazuma. Naravno, sve je to potrebno i neophodno, a drugo je pitanje da li sve te mjere daju uvijek očekivane rezultate tj. da li to ima za rezultat adekvatan broj pravosnažno osuđujućih presuda i adekvatan iznos oduzete imovinske koristi.U tom smislu, u radu sam istražio i dao pregled samo najvažnijih i najrelevantnijih međunarodnih organizacija i institucija u borbi protiv pranja novca kao što su: Organizacija ujedinjenih nacija, Vijeće Evrope, Financial Action Task Force – FATF, Grupa Egmont, Evropska unija, Bazelski komitet za bankarske propise i kontrolu, Međunarodni monetarni fond i Svjetska banka, s napomenom da ću šire obraditi samo neke od njih koje smatram bitnim. --- Money laundering, as one of the most sophisticated and severe forms of organized crime, has a strong international component because it occurs not only within national borders, but goes far beyond. The transnational aspect of money laundering makes it easier to prevent the true source of funds and other property derived from serious criminal activity.Therefore, the problem of money laundering is both, a national as well as an international problem. It is very common in the countries where money launderers attempt to legalize the illegal proceeds and then transfer it into the stream of commerce and finance in order to control certain economic and political processes. Money laundering is an international crime leading the international community to establish common standards that countries around the world should adopt. Having in mind the great difficulties in fighting against organized crime using the traditional methods focused upon the perpetrators, the international community decided to shift its focus towards the other important component of money laundering – the proceeds derived from criminal activity. In that sense, the international community decided to strike where the consequences for money launderers are the most prominent – the money.The prevention of money laundering lead to creation of the whole new set of institutional apparatus; many conventions have been organized, and many articles, directives, recommendations, guidelines were created. The prevention of money laundering has lead to changes in criminal code legislation and dissolution of bank information secrecy. Sometimes, however, this war on money laundering sacrifices some basic human rights. The range of strategies, interventions and international agreements developed to prevent money laundering is broad and very sophisticated. Money laundering is a large business which is not easy to regulate by way of international agreements. Of course, while these agreements and strategies are necessary, the question about their effectiveness, however, still lingers in the background, especially considering the number of final criminal convictions and the amount of illegal proceeds forfeited.In that sense, I provided an overview of the most relevant and the most important international institutions whose job is the prevention of money laundering, namely the UN, Council of Europe, Financial Action Task Force –FATF, Egmont Group, European Union, The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, The International Monetary Fund and World Bank. I would like to mention that I will cover in more detail only those organizations I find the most relevant.

U ovom radu se na temelju podataka terenskih anketnih istraživanja iz 2015. i 2016. godine analizira odnos između povjerenja u političke i provedbene institucije s jedne strane te protekcionizma s druge strane. Točnije, u prvom dijelu teksta se nastoji prikazati kako je povjerenje u institucije, kao normativno očekivanje, konceptualno povezano s protekcionizmom. Uz to, temeljem faktorske analize, utvrđuje se protekcionistička dimenzija stavova te se prikazuje njena distribucija kroz posljednje desetljeće. Istodobno, u svojevrsnom istraživačkom predkoraku, rad analizira i socioekonomske te demografske determinante takve dimenzije stavova. Nakon toga, u središnjem djelu analize, prikazuje se negativna međusobna povezanost povjerenja u institucije i protekcionizma, pri čemu su efekti takvog utjecaja nešto izraženiji kod povjerenja u provedbene institucije. Osim toga, regresijski modeli pokazuju kako su, uz protekcionizam, najznačajnije nezavisne varijable koje ispituju razine autoritarnosti i socijalnog povjerenja. Također se prikazuje kakve efekte identifikacija sa strankom na vlasti ima na razine institucionalnog povjerenja. ; This paper analyzes the relationship between trust in political and implementing institutions on the one hand and protectionism on the other, based on field survey data from 2015 and 2016. Precisely, the first part of the text seeks to show how trust in institutions, as a normative expectation, is conceptually related to protectionism. In addition, based on factor analysis, the protectionist dimension of attitudes is shown and its distribution over the last decade is presented. At the same time, in a kind of research pre-step, the paper analyzes the socio-economic and demographic determinants of such a dimension of attitude. After that, in the central part of the analysis, the negative interrelationship between trust in institutions and protectionism is presented, with the effects of such influence being somewhat more pronounced in the case of trust in implementing institutions. In ...

Despite considerable theoretical and policy promotion of parent-teacher partnerships in inclusive settings, pre-service teachers in Croatia generally receive little preparation for involving parents. The aims of this study were to examine parental perception of parent-teacher partnerships and to establish the relation between parents' socio-demographic characteristics and length of their child's attendance of preschool. A total of 271 parents of early childhood and preschool age children participated in this study. The Scale of parental perception of parent-teacher partnerships was designed for the purpose of this study. Three dimensions were obtained from the factor analysis. Those are: attitude toward reciprocity in partnerships (α = .93; N=14; M=5.48), experience of teachers' support in parenthood (α = .92; N=6; M=3.84), and receptivity to taking advice in upbringing (α = .73; N=4; M=5.38). Parents perceived that partnerships with teachers are at a relatively high level. They differ in their capacity to develop and maintain partnerships with teachers because of their level of education, length of their child's attendance of preschool, and frequency of attending parent-teacher meetings. Investing in high-quality communication and creating confidence between parents and teachers should be the main goals of preschool institutions. ; Unatoč znatnoj teorijskoj i političkoj promociji koncepta partnerstva u inkluzivnim okruženjima, hrvatski se odgojitelji oskudno osposobljavaju za partnersko uključivanje roditelja. Cilj rada je ispitati roditeljsku percepciju partnerskih odnosa s odgajateljima te utvrditi postoji li povezanost sa socio-demografskim značajkama roditelja i duljinom djetetova pohađanja vrtića. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 271 roditelj djece rane i predškolske dobi. Konstruirana je Skala roditeljske percepcije kvalitetnih partnerskih odnosa. Faktorskom analizom dobivene su tri dimenzije: stav o uzajamnosti u partnerstvu (α = .93; N=14; M=5.48), iskustvo da su odgojitelji pružili podršku u roditeljstvu (α = .92; N=6; M=3.84) i prihvaćanje savjeta odgojitelja u odgoju djeteta (α = .73; N=4; M=5.38). Roditelji percipiraju kako je partnerstvo s odgojiteljima na relativno visokoj razini i razlikuju se u svojim kapacitetima da razviju i održe partnerstvo s odgojiteljima u odnosu na razinu obrazovanja roditelja, duljinu djetetova pohađanja vrtića i učestalost roditeljskog prisustvovanja individualnim informacijama o djetetu. Ulaganje u kvalitetnu komunikaciju i stvaranje povjerenja između roditelja i odgojitelja trebalo bi biti glavni cilj u predškolskim ustanovama.

Austrougarski car i kralj Franjo Josip I. preminuo je 21. studenoga 1916. u 86. godini života te u 68. godini vladavine. Budući da nije imao bližih potomaka naslijedio ga je pranećak Karlo I. Austrijski ili Karlo IV. Ugarsko-Hrvatski. Dvadesetdevetogodišnji car okrunjen je 30. prosinca 1916. Njegova vladavina trajala je praktično do konca Prvoga svjetskog rata, odnosno do raspada Austro-Ugarske Monarhije 31. listopada 1918. Od početka vladavine Karla I. prošlo je nešto više od sto godina, što je prigoda da se osvrnemo na njegov doprinos odlikovanjima Austro-Ugarske Monarhije. Kao car i kralj Austro-Ugarske Monarhije Karlo I. (IV.) preuzeo je suverenitet nad svim postojećim državnim odlikovanjima. Visoka odlikovanja – redove - osnovali su već njegovi prethodnici: Red zlatnog runa (1430.), Vojni red Marije Terezije (1757.), Kraljevski ugarski red Sv. Stjepana (1764.), Red Leopolda (1808.), Red željezne krune (1816.), Red Franje Josipa (1849.) i Red Elizabete (1898.). Odlikovanja niže klase – križevi i medalje – također su već bili osnovani u velikom broju i Karlo I. nije imao mnogo mogućnosti za inovacije. On je tek zasjeo na prijestolje i nije imao priliku steći reputaciju svog dugovječnog prethodnika Franje Josipa I. Društvo je pritiskivala ratna zbilja, štedjelo se i odricalo koliko je bilo moguće. No, on je ipak unio neke novosti koje valja zabilježiti. Ugarski viteški red zlatne ostruge osnovali su u 14. stoljeću kralj Karlo I. Robert (1301.- 1342.) ili njegov sin Ludovik I. (1342.-1382.).Vitezovi su dobivali diplome, bez ordenskih znakova jer su vitezovi već bili prepoznatljivi po tome što su na čizmama nosili zlatne ostruge. Karlo je u Budimpešti (30. prosinca 1916.) okrunjen krunom Sv. Stjepana. Tom prigodom proglasio je dvadeset trojicu uglednika vitezovima Reda zlatne ostruge i predao im novo kreirane ordenske znakove. Statut Reda zlatne ostruge objavljen je 21. travnja 1918. u Službenom listu Austro-Ugarske Monarhije. Karlov četni križ novo je odlikovanje cara Karla I. (osnovano je 13. prosinca 1916.), a dodjeljivao se pripadnicima oružanih snaga. Medalju za hrabrost osnovao je još car Josip II. (1789.), a dodjeljivala se samo u ratu, za hrabre pothvate i iznimnu smjelost. Na medalji su se izmjenjivali likovi vladara pa je 4. travnja 1917. iskovana nova Medalja za hrabrost s likom mladog cara Karla I. Dana 28. travnja 1917. car Karlo I. odredio je otkov novih Vojnih medalja za zasluge te je i na toj medalji likom cara Karla I. zamijenjen lik cara Franje Josipa I. Ranjenička medalja također je novo austrougarsko odlikovanje za časnike, dočasnike i vojnike oboljele i ranjene na bojištu. ; The Emperor and King of Austria-Hungary Franz Joseph I died on 21 November 1916 at the age of 86, in the 68th year of his reign. Since he had no immediate heirs, his grand-nephew Charles I of Austria and Charles IV of Hungary-Croatia inherited the throne. The twenty-nine year old emperor was crowned on 30 December 1916. His rule lasted until the end of WWI, that is, until the disintegration of Austria-Hungary on 31 October 1918. Just over one hundred years have passed since the beginning of Charles I's reign, which is an opportunity to look at his contribution to the institution of decorations in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. As Emperor and King of Austria-Hungary, Charles I(IV) took sovereignty over all existing state decorations. The high decorations – orders – had already been founded by his predecessors: Order of the Golden Fleece (1430), Order of Leopold (1808), Order of the Iron Crown (1816), Order of Franz Joseph (1849) and Order of Elisabeth (1898). Lower-class decorations – crosses and medals – had also already been founded in large numbers and Charles I did not have much space for innovation. He had only just ascended the throne and did not have the chance to gain the reputation of his long-lived predecessor Franz Joseph I. The country was oppressed by living under war circumstances; people had to save whatever they could and there was a lot they had to go without. Still, Charles I did introduce some novelties that should be recorded. The Hungarian Knightly Order of the Golden Spur (Ungarischer Ritterorden der Goldenen Sporn) was founded in the 14th century by King Charles I Robert (1301-1342) or his son Ludovik I (1342-1382). The knights received charters but no insignia, because they were recognised by wearing golden spurs on their boots. Charles was crowned with the Crown of St Stephen in Budapest (30 December 1916). On that occasion he bestowed the Order of the Golden Spur on twenty-three distinguished men and presented them with newly-created insignia of the order. The Statute of the Order of the Golden Spur was proclaimed on 21 April 1918 in the Official Gazette of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. The Karl Troop Cross (Karl-Truppendreuz) was a new decoration instituted by Emperor Charles I (founded on 13 December 1916), and it was awarded to members of the armed forces. The Medal for Courage (Tapferkeitsmedaille) had been founded by Emperor Joseph II (1789) and was awarded for courageous acts and outstanding bravery only in wartime. The medal showed the figures of successive rulers so a new Medal of Courage with the figure of the young Emperor Charles I was minted on 4 April. On 28 April 1917 Emperor Charles I ordered the minting of new Military Medals of Merit (Militärverdienstmedaille) and on the new medal the figure of Emperor Charles I replaced the figure of Emperor Franz Joseph I. The Wound Medal (Verwundetenmedaille) was also a new Austro-Hungarian decoration for commissioned and non-commissioned officers and soldiers who fell ill or were wounded on the battlefield. After the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Charles I did not abdicate and formally continued to be emperor. This uncertain state of affairs lasted until 24 March 1919, when Charles and his family were forced to leave Austria and went to Switzerland. On 3 April 1919 the Austrian Parliament passed a law prohibiting the return to Austria of Charles and his wife Zita of Bourbon-Parma. Encouraged by Hungarian royalists, in 1921 Charles twice tried to assume the Hungarian throne, but both times without success. The royal couple was interned on 1 November 1921 and after a long trip transferred to Madeira Island in Portugal. Karl died there on 1 April 1922 at the age of only 34.

Tradicije razvoja suvremene geografske misli i znanosti u Hrvatskoj osim za središnji Odsjek za geografijui Zavode na PMF-u u Zagrebu, vezane su posebno i za visokoškolske ustanove i druge ustanove u Zagrebu i drugim gradovima zemlje. Razmjerno značajan broj hrvatskih geografa djelovao je u novije vrijeme i stalno je aktivan na geografskim i drugim katedrama u Zagrebu i u drugim dijelovima zemlje. U radu se posebna pažnja posvećuje razvoju geografskog studija u Zadru, te oblicima studiranja na bivšim pedagoškim akademijama, višim i visokim pedagoškim školama, kao i na pedagoškim, pomorskim, ekonomskim, turističkim i hotelijerskim, političkim, agronomskim, vojnim, kartografskim i drugim visokim učilištima. ; Besides the central Department of Geography and the Institutes of the University of Zagreb's Faculty of Science, the tradition of development of modern geographic thought and science in Croatia is also associated with other higher-education institutions in the country. A significant number of Croatian geographers have been affiliated with science departments (geographic or other)in Zagreb, as well as in the rest of Croatia. This paper is particularly focused on the development of the study of geography in Zadar, as well as the other geography studies at former academies of pedagogy, pedagogical colleges and schools for teacher training, economic, tourist, political, agronomical, military, cartographic and other higher-education institutions.

Ravnopravnost spolova središnja je tema u čitavome svijetu, pa tako i EU-u, gdje predstavlja jednu od temeljnih vrijednosti koju se nastoji integrirati u sve politike Europske unije, ali i programe financiranja EU-a. Analizirajući istraživanja o ravnopravnosti spolova na institucijama visokoga obrazovanja statistike idu u prilog činjenici da te institucije reproduciraju društvene vrijednosti koje dovode do spolne, rodne pristranosti, odnosno diskriminacije. Statistike pokazuju da postoji vidna razlika u tipičnim karijernim profilima za žene i muškarce, odnosno u odabiru znanstvenih područja. Razvidna je horizontalna segregacija, koja nimalo ne zaostaje za onom drugom, vertikalnom segregacijom koja upućuje na to da je top menadžment, ali i uspješniji karijerni put u visokoobrazovnim institucijama uglavnom rezerviran za muškarce. Ne zanemarujući činjenicu da je dostizanje ravnopravnosti spolova u visokome obrazovanju ipak dugoročni projekt koji bi trebao biti rezultat ne samo sveučilišnih politika, nego i institucionalnih vladinih mjera i politika, ovim se radom konstruktivno promišlja i aktualizira tema za buduća istraživanja, s provedenim istraživanjem na jedanaest ustrojbenih jedinica Sveučilišta u Mostaru. ; Gender equality is a central theme throughout the world, including the EU, in which it represents one of the core values that should be integrated into all EU policies, as well as EU funding programs. Analysing research on gender equality in higher education institutions, statistics support the fact that these institutions reproduce social values that lead to gender, gender bias, or discrimination. Statistics show that there is a visible difference in typical career profiles for women and men, e.g. in the selection of scientific fields. Horizontal segregation is evident, not far behind the other, vertical segregation, which indicates that top management, but also a more successful career path in higher education institutions, is largely reserved for men. In spite of the fact that the achievement of gender equality in higher education is nevertheless a long-term project that should be the result not only of university policies but also of institutional government measures and policies, this paper constructively deliberates and updates the topic for future research, with research conducted on eleven organizational units of the University of Mostar.

Gender and sexuality in the Croatian educational context occasionally resurface in the public discourse due to political instrumentalization but are largely neglected as a research topic. To address this absence, this paper presents original data on high-school and university experiences of queer persons collected in critically oriented research which examines social inequality of queer individuals in the Croatian educational institutions. Based on these data and drawing parallels with previous studies in an international context, the authors outline a theoretical approach that conceptualises gender and sexuality as interdependent social processes. Through showing how educational institutions actively marginalise persons of non-normative gender and sexual orientation, the authors point to the importance of conceptualising the everyday life of queer persons in education as a source of knowledge about these processes by highlighting the complex relationship between gender and sexuality – which authors do by establishing theoretical and methodological collaborations between sociology, queer theories as well as critical and institutional ethnography. The study's findings suggest that educational institutions have a mediating role in creating inequality based on gender and sexual differences since they function as spaces privileging heterosexuality and heteronormativity. This results in an ambivalent status of queer gender expressions and sexualities as they are simultaneously a subject of public negotiation and stigmatization and hidden in the private sphere of each person. (In)visibility and (non)acceptance of non-normative gender expressions and sexualities in the Croatian educational context imply a continuous process of managing one's identity between institutional and personal spheres of action. ; Teme roda i seksualnosti u obrazovnom kontekstu zbog političke instrumentalizacije povremeno su prisutne u javnom diskursu, ali su istraživački nedovoljno zastupljene. To osobito vrijedi za izvorna i kritički usmjerena istraživanja koja bi utvrdila kako obrazovne institucije u Hrvatskoj pridonose društvenoj nejednakosti queer osoba. Ovim se člankom pokušava nadomjestiti ta podzastupljenost teorijskom raspravom o konceptualizaciji roda i seksualnosti kao međuovisnih osobnih i društvenih procesa te prikazom rezultata istraživanja u kojem je taj pristup korišten. Kako dosadašnje spoznaje u međunarodnom kontekstu pokazuju, obrazovne institucije imaju aktivnu ulogu u procesima marginalizacije osoba nenormativne queer rodne i seksualne orijentacije, zato je nužno razumijevanje obrazovne svakodnevice kao izvora znanja o tim procesima kroz promišljanje isprepletenosti roda i seksualnosti. Ta isprepletenost u svrhu istraživanja društvene nejednakosti nastale na temelju rodne i seksualne različitosti mora teorijski i istraživački povezati sociologiju, queer teorije te kritičku i institucionalnu etnografiju. Na taj se način uspostavlja cjeloviti teorijski i metodološki pristup koji je korišten u istraživanju srednjoškolskog i visokoškolskog obrazovnog iskustva queer osoba u Hrvatskoj. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da obrazovne institucije imaju posredničku ulogu u stvaranju nejednakosti na temelju rodnih i seksualnih različitosti. Obrazovne su institucije ponajprije prostor koji privilegira heteroseksualnost i heteronormativnost, dok su queer izričaji roda i seksualnosti s jedne strane predmetom javnog označavanja i stigmatiziranja, a s druge strane predmetom prisiljavanja na privatnu i skrivenu sferu. Ne/vidljivost i ne/prihvaćanje nenormativnih rodnih izričaja i seksualnosti za queer osobe u hrvatskom obrazovnom kontekstu predstavlja trajan proces pregovaranja između institucionalnih i osobnih domena djelovanja.

U situaciji smanjene fi nancijske moći države logično je pitati se kako se odvija svakodnevno funkcioniranje hrvatskih općina i gradova, kakva je njihova kadrovska ekipiranost, te jesu li u mogućnosti osigurati zadovoljavajuću kakvoću javnih usluga. S više strana čuo se prigovor kako je brojka od 429 općina i 127 gradova prevelika. Takvim ocjenama prethodile s većinom analize državnog i lokalnih proračuna, dok je empirijska analiza ruralne društvene zbilje gotovo potpuno izostala. Ovim smo istraživanjem htjeli prikupiti što više informacija o općinskim problemima i mogućnostima iz perspektive lokalne elite – načelnika općine, te pobliže se upoznati sa samim načelnicima analizirajući njihovu poslovnu i socijalnu pozadinu. Rad je nastao na temelju analize 32 dubinskih intervjua s načelnicima triju sjeverozapadnih hrvatskih županija. ; In a situation of reduced financial power of the state, questions arise regarding daily functioning of Croatian municipalities and cities: how are they being organized, do they have enough personnel, and whether they are able to provide a satisfactory quality in public services. The complaint about Croatia having too many municipalities (429) and cities (127) has often been made in both scientific and political circles. Such assessments were grounded heavily on the analysis of state and local budgets, with very few fieldwork studies. In this research we wanted to gather information about municipal problems and opportunities from the perspective of the local elite - the mayors, as well as to get to know the mayors themselves by analyzing their professional and social backgrounds. The findings are based on the analysis of 32 in-depth interviews with the mayors from three north-western Croatian counties.

The article analyses the architectural and conceptual aspects of the children's sea resort Villa Italia on Costabella, the coastal stretch between Rijeka and Opatija, and the mountain resort IX. Maggio on Mount Učka, two representative examples of public health institutions established in the interwar period in the Kvarner Region, which was then part of the Kingdom of Italy. Apart from the sea and the mountains, such resorts were built near rivers and lakes or in urban centres. There were daily, temporary, and permanent ones, and each had its own peculiarities. Their programmes and activities were under the jurisdiction of the ruling fascist regime in cooperation with state and local administrative bodies. The designers of the sea resort Villa Italia and the mountain resort IX. Maggio, despite strong political and ideological pressure, made a significant contribution in creating new architectural values, achieving a high level of modernity in the field of interwar public health construction, both locally and nationally. ; U članku se arhitektonski i sadržajno analiziraju kompleks dječje morske kolonije Villa Italia na Costabelli, obalnom potezu između Rijeke i Opatije, i planinska kolonija IX. Maggio na Učki, reprezentativni primjeri javnozdravstvenih ustanova realiziranih u razdoblju međuraća na području Kvarnerske provincije koja je tada u sastavu Kraljevine Italije. Osim uz more i na planinama, kolonije su se mogle nalaziti i uz rijeke i jezera te u urbaniziranim središtima. Postojale su dnevne, privremene i stalne kolonije, a svaka je imala svoje osobitosti. Njihov program i djelovanje bili su pod ingerencijom vladajućeg fašističkog režima u suradnji s državnim i lokalnim administrativnim tijelima. Projektanti morske kolonije Villa Italia i planinske kolonije IX. Maggio, unatoč snažnom političkom i ideološkom pritisku, u stvaranju novih arhitektonskih vrijednosti dali su vlastiti doprinos, postigavši visoku razinu moderniteta na području međuratne javnozdravstvene izgradnje u lokalnom i nacionalnom okviru.

The author looks into the notion of the rule of law from the functional/logical, & not historical standpoint: he starts from the hypothesis that there is the functional logic of managing social behavior & social developments by means of legal norms. This logic, with some preconditions, creates certain institutions. The recognition of members of a society as free & equal is the fundamental assumption. It means that government agencies have the right of independent action but are at the same time also disempowered. This requires the quality of laws to be evaluated on the basis of rationality & normativity. The second part of the text lists the institutional conditions for the rule of law: division of power, legal restrictions of all government institutions & independent judiciary. A guarantee of basic right must be included in these functional elements. The author thinks that our future is to be marked by social pluralization, the need for security & the concurrent processes of globalization, & individualization. These processes are surely going to affect the institutions of the state of law. 43 References. Adapted from the source document.