Suchergebnisse

Introduction. The transition of Ukraine to the information society requires a constructive rethinking of the role of intellectual property, which acts as the driving force behind the creation of competitive advantages and the formation of the potential of industrial and economic relations at the national and international levels.In many cases, market relations are not capable of ensuring the transformation of the results of innovation activity into goods. Therefore, in the given conditions, effective state regulation of the commercialization of intellectual property objects becomes the first place.Purpose. The purpose of this work is to study the processes of commercialization of intellectual property and the possibility of adapting foreign experience to the realities of today's Ukraine.Methods. Theoretical analysis and graphical method.Results. In accordance with the main goal in the work the following issues are considered: various scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of "intellectual property" are investigated; considered the main ways of using intellectual property; highlighted and analyzed the main groups of problems of regulation of relations connected with the commercialization of the results of intellectual property; the experience of foreign countries regarding the commercialization of the results of intellectual property was considered, namely, the main problems of this process were identified, possible solutions were proposed and the main toolkit used in the settlement of these problems was identified; The mechanism for the development of solutions based on the problems described in the work will be based and presented in a schematic form.Originality. The experience of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity abroad is generalized. The mechanism of solving the problems of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity is proposed.Conclusions. Thus, we can conclude that any problem of commercialization of intellectual property objects can be solved by finding a compromise between the parties, taking into account the legislative framework operating in the country, the choice of fundamental criteria, the assessment of the effectiveness and risks of a number of proposed options. Every solution proposed for the next implementation must be documented in the enterprise and have a correlation with the main development strategy.

The authors of the article based on the understanding of intellectual property as an immanent component of the innovative economy, an important factor, resource and mechanism of innovation environment and development, note the actualization of this phenomenon in nowadays society of revolutionary technological changes. The article deals with the brief overview of the some features and characteristics of the process of reforming the institute of intellectual property in Ukraine, including regulatory framework, and also is based on the analysis of data gathered in sociological survey «Intellectual property through the eyes of university lecturers and high school teachers», conducted during May-December 2019, method – interview; n = 356. Based on the research results, the authors analyze high school teachers' and university lecturers' attitudes to the intellectual property, the factors and mechanisms of protection of intellectual property rights. What are the attitudes towards violation of intellectual property rights in the field of education? How acute is the problem of intellectual property rights (IPR) violation for the participants in the educational process? Is the impact of intellectual property rights violation noticeable on their (high school teachers and university lecturers) day-to-day activities? Who, what institution (organization) should make efforts to protect IPR? These and some other issues are analyzed in the paper. The authors note, among other, that, in general, the problem of IPR violations perceived as quite acute for many (relative majority) of university lecturers and high school teachers, the impact of this problem on respondents' daily activities is mostly negative. Opinions of respondents on the institution(s), which should make efforts to protect IPR were clarified. Analysis of possible ways (inner and external factors, mechanisms) to enhance the level of protection, public management of the protection process, as well as the development of a culture of IPR is presented also. The authors propose the prospects for further research of the problem.

The article deals with the economic and social effects of intellectual property crimes. The author understands the social effects of intellectual property crimes as negative and dangerous changes in public relations that result of a numerous infringements of intellectual property rights. These consequences include both the aggregate damages of the intellectual property rights holders from crimes against intellectual property and the damage caused to the state and society. The study found that accumulating negative impact on society from the functioning of the intellectual property crimes is the state of intellectual property rights insecurity, which impedes the normal development of social relations regarding the realization of intellectual property rights. The social impact of intellectual property crimes is divided into four major interrelated blocks: socio-economic, scientific, technical, international and political, and consequences for a wide range of consumers. Socio-economic consequences include direct and indirect material damage from functioning in the community intellectual property crimes. Scientific and technical implications include the damage to science and technology due to the existence of intellectual property crimes. International political implications undermine the image of the international arena due to the functioning of the phenomenon of intellectual property crimes. Consequences for a wide range of consumers are manifested in the detriment of certain interests of consumers of intellectual products.

The article is aimed at analyzing of existing legislation on the use of comparative advertising in Ukraine. The author establishes that legislation on intellectual property plays a crucial role if a competitor's intellectual property rights are infringed by the use of comparative advertising. The purpose of the article is to analyze comparative advertising in the context of intellectual property, as well as to define the objects of intellectual property that can be used in comparative advertising. The latest changes in legislation regarding comparative advertising are analyzed. Such changes allow the use of images, trademarks or other symbols in comparative advertising. Comparative advertising was actually prohibited in Ukraine until November 12, 2019, although its use was prescribed in the legislation. But in practice, however, such use was not possible because use in such comparative advertising objects of intellectual property competitors was not enough regulated. The amendments to current legislation on comparative advertising have settled the aspects of using objects of intellectual property in comparative advertising. The article proves that for the purpose of comparative advertising creation, it is essential to adhere to the laws and regulations that are governed by intellectual property law. In the article, the author analyzes some countries' legislation on comparative advertising, namely the USA, the United Kingdom, the EU Member States. The author has found the basic elements and the objects of intellectual property that could be used in comparative advertising. The author comes to the conclusion that for the creation of comparative advertising, the crucial role of intellectual property in comparative advertising should be clearly recognized.

In modern conditions, state regulation in the field of innovation, encouragement of inventive intellectual activity is a mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic development of the state. It was revealed that in Ukraine there is a sufficiently substantial legislative base that allows regulating issues in the field of intellectual property, its updating is taking place in accordance with the requirements of the time. At the same time, as indicated in the Annual Report of the European Commission, intellectual property rights are systematically violated in Ukraine, thereby damaging the economic interests of the European Union. It is argued that the basic mechanism for ensuring the effectiveness of public administration in the field of intellectual property is the involvement of all subjects of public administration in lawmaking processes. It is noted that the organization of an effective system of law enforcement in the process of creating and using intellectual property objects directly affects the development of national scientific-technological and scientific-technical spheres of state life, increasing their investment image, introducing a favorable innovation climate. Indicated the need to involve all subjects of public administration in the formation of state policy in the field of intellectual property, development of legislation on the protection of industrial property and innovative proposals, updating the provisions of the Labor Code and the Civil Code of Ukraine. It is proposed to include to the Civil Code a number of provisions to ensure the remuneration of persons who have contributed to the creation, legal protection and use of inventions, industrial designs and innovative proposals; effective functioning of the intellectual property protection system created by students, listeners, cadets and teachers in the learning process. It is also proposed to create a Code of Intellectual Property, which will eliminate internal contradictions and promote the harmonization of intellectual property issues and ...

The article researches legal aspects of commercialization intellectual property objects, determination of legislation settles in the sphere of disposition of intellectual property rights, determination of main advantages for owner in the process of object commercialization. Intellectual property is valuable asset which may be exploited in a number of ways. Commercialization of intellectual property objects is one of the ways to satisfy owner's economical interests, which basis are profits from using intellectual property objects in their own production and also by granting property rights for third persons. One of the effective ways for economical development of every country is legal opportunity for granting intellectual property rights. Nowadays those rights have an economical value and are the subject of business dealings. Main subjects for commercialization of intellectual property objects are, first of all, authors and inventors; also it can be persons that have intellectual property rights due to their business activity, which deals with creation and usage of intellectual property objects; persons who is interested in getting intellectual property rights as a user or an owner. Article is describing main directions of commercialization of intellectual property rights, such as: using objects in own production of goods and services; agreements on alienation of intellectual property rights; license agreements; entering intellectual property rights to the statutory capital; franchise agreement. All the ways are efficient and can bring to the owner economical profits in case of their effective usage. We should say, that the way of commercialization of intellectual property object, depends on decision of the owner, who is legally allowed to use different ways at the same time. As an example, the owner can use his intellectual property at his own production, giving the license to user at the same time. Licenses may be exclusive or non-exclusive. An exclusive license grants the rights governed by the license to the ...

Modern society is characterized by the widespread distribution of objects of intellectual property rights. The article analyzes the state of dissertation research on intellectual property issues which has been conducted in Ukraine since the time of proclamation of its independence and to the present days. The topicality of the study is due to the fact that the results of intellectual activity determine the strategy and tactics of socio-economic development of any country. The components of intellectual activity are the intellectual capital, embodied in the form of experience, knowledge, skills, qualification of a person. The growth of the role and importance of intellectual activity in the social relations of the society necessitates the solution of the main problem issues: the normative and legal support of intellectual activity; rational use of the results of intellectual activity; effective protection of objects of intellectual property rights, protecting the rights of subjects of intellectual property rights. Reliable guarantees of acquiring and protecting intellectual property rights are an integral part of the statehood of each civilized country.One of the sources of highlighting the study of any case is the provision of conclusions and recommendations for solving problem issues, dissertation researches. The article analyzes the quantitative distribution of dissertation research on intellectual property issues according to scientific specialties, scientific institutions, in which they were defended. It was found out that the proportion of dissertation research on intellectual property problems in legal sciences is 77 %, in economic sciences, respectively, 19 %, in other sciences - 4 %. Among legal sciences, 60 % of scientific theses have been defended on specialty 12.00.03; respectively, 19 % - on specialty 12.00.07; 6.8 % - on specialty 12.00.04; 5 % - on specialty 12.00.08; 3.6 % - on specialty 12.00.09; 2.2 % - on specialty 12.00.01; 1.8 % - on specialty 12.00.11; 0.4 % - on specialty 12.00.02; 0.4 % - on specialty 12.00.05; 0.4 % - on specialty 12.00.12. Among the dissertation research in the economic field of intellectual property rights, the work on specialty 08.00.04 was the most defended - 32.7 %; respectively, on specialty 08.00.01 - 21.8 %; on specialty 08.00.03 - 12.8 %; on specialty 08.00.02 - 7.3 %; on specialty 08.00.09 - 7.3 %; on specialty 08.01.01 - 5.5 %; on specialty 08.00.07 - 3.6 %; on specialty 08.00.08 - 3,6 %; on specialty 08.05.01 - 3.6 %; on specialty 21.04.01 - 1.8 %.

The article is devoted to the topical problem of determining the range of intellectual property subjects. The analysis of norms of the current Ukrainian legislation in the field of intellectual property is carried out. It is proposed to supplement the articles of the Civil Code of Ukraine on the definition of intellectual property by such categories as animal and "electronic person". ; Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі визначення кола суб'єктів інтелектуальної власності. Проведено аналіз норм чинного українського законодавства в сфері інтелектуальної власності. Запропоновано доповнення статей Цивільного кодексу України щодо визначення суб'єктів інтелектуальної власності такими категоріями, як тварина та «електронна особа».

The protection of intellectual property was crucial for stimulating innovation even before the word coronavirus became widespread. Without the protection of the ideas of the enterprise and the individual, scientists and inventors would not be able to take full advantage of their inventions and would focus less on research and development. Likewise, if artists do not receive full remuneration for their artwork, cultural viability suffers as a result. Several studies have shown that most US small businesses are unaware that their US patent or trademark does not protect them in other countries. If such a company is a real or potential exporter, it may find that foreign manufacturers have copied products, packaging, and business plans, even though the company has never done business abroad. Foreign forgers can easily steal product images, brochures and logos from a website and register these materials as their own inventions in their home country if the company has not registered them in the inventor's home country. For this reason, various national governments have begun to take practical steps to monitor intellectual property policies. The objective of this paper is to briefly describe the problems in the political dimension of the industry.

Бєгова Т. І. Особливості використання об'єктів інтелектуальної власності: правові підстави та процедура. – Стаття. Стаття присвячена основним проблемам правового забезпечення використання об'єктів інтелектуальної власності. Авторкою проаналізовано законодавство у сфері інтелектуальної власності, правову природу поняття «використання об'єктів інтелектуальної власності», а також його форми. Надано пропозиції щодо видів форм використання об'єктів інтелектуальної власності та сформульовані пропозиції щодо подальшого вдосконалення законодавства у цій сфері. Сьогодні дуже актуальним є питання комерціалізації інтелектуальної власності, а необхідною передумовою отримання прибутку є використання майна, введення його в обіг. Способи використання об'єктів інтелектуальної власності закріплені у ст. 426 ЦК України. До ознак договорів щодо розпорядження майновими права інтелектуальної власності відносяться: 1) сам об'єкт договору – нематеріальні блага; 2) той факт, що використання об'єкта інтелектуальної власності можливе лише на підставі договору користувача з правоволодільцем зазначеного об'єкта; 3) їх оплатний характер; 4) суттєві обмеження містяться в законодавстві щодо використання об'єктів інтелектуальної власності, які визнані в установленому порядку секретними; 5) до особливостей цих договорів слід віднести також те, що одним із пунктів такого договору є результати інтелектуальної власності. Правова форма використання інтелектуальної власності за такими ознаками: 1) договір про введення статутного капіталу майнових прав на об'єкти інтелектуальної власності; 2) договори на виробниче застосування об'єктів інтелектуальної власності; 3) договір про розподіл майнових прав на об'єкти інтелектуальної власності між працівником і роботодавцем; 4) договори розпорядження майновими правами на об'єкти інтелектуальної власності; 5) інші договори, що не суперечать законодавству України. ; Begova T. I. Features of use of intellectual property objects: legal bases and procedure. – Article. The article is devoted to the main problems of legal support of the use of intellectual property. The author analyzes the legislation in the field of intellectual property, the legal nature of the concept of 'use of intellectual property', as well as its forms. Proposals on types of forms of use of intellectual property objects are provided and proposals on further improvement of legislation in this area are formulated. Today, very relevant is the question of commercialization of intellectual property. A necessary prerequisite is for profit is to use the property, putting it into circulation. Ways of using intellectual property are enshrined in Art. 426 of the Civil Code of Ukraine. It also enshrines one of the main postulates of the procedure for the transfer of intellectual property rights: the use of intellectual property by another person is carried out with the permission of the person who has the exclusive right to allow its use, except in cases of lawful use without such permission. In particular, the legal form of the use of intellectual property by the following attributes: 1) agreement on the introduction of the authorized capital property rights to intellectual property; 2) contracts for manufacturing application of intellectual property; 3) agreement on the distribution of property rights to intellectual property between the employee and the employer; 4) contracts for the disposal of property rights to intellectual property; 5) other contracts that do not contradict the laws of Ukraine. This attention is focused on the fact that not solved the possibility of commercialization of intellectual property created by public research institutions financed from the State Budget of Ukraine.

The article describes the territorial aspects of intellectual property rights. Comparing property right and intellectual property right, the last one has a territorial character. Such kind of activity of intellectual property rights became a reason for creation of international law system protection of intellectual property. The first form of international cooperation in intellectual property sphere were bi-side international treaties about mutual protection of rights for conforming objects on the territory of countries-participants. At the end of 19th century were signed two multiply international treaties, which became a base for creation of modern international law system of intellectual property protection – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883) and Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886).Intellectual property rights, which appeared on the territory of the definite country in accordance with it legislature, are limited by territory of this country, if something different isn't subscribe in international treaty or national laws. Today this principle is a base of legislature about intellectual property of majority countries of the world and it is determined by several factors (historical factor, non-material nature of intellectual property objects, partly – state interests).Multiply international treaties in intellectual property sphere, which are administered by WIPO, don't provide extraterritoriality of intellectual property rights, because they based on principle of national regime and fix using to objects by foreign origin the legislation, exactly that country, where protection is needed.Now on the regional level exists tendency to refuse of principle of intellectual property rights territoriality and providing unitary legal protection regime of the object based on one registration on the territory of all countries-participants. Uniform legal protection of some objects is provides on the territory of EU countries (Community trade mark, design, plant variety, geographical indications and designations of origin). Therefore Ukrainians membership in EU opens new perspectives to use procedures of legal protection of intellectual property for the extending of intellectual property rights territorial limits. ; Розглянуто питання, пов'язані із територіальними аспектами дії майнових прав інтелектуальної власності. Проаналізовано положення міжнародних договорів у сфері інтелектуальної власності з погляду їхнього впливу на територіальний характер дії цих прав.

The purpose of the article is to analyze theatrical activity as a creative activity aimed at creating objects of intellectual property. Methodology. In the process of scientific research the following scientific methods have been used: dialectical – to identify the basic laws and peculiarities of legal relations that arise in the field of theatrical art; comparative – for comparison of domestic and foreign legislation on theatrical activity; analysis – for the study of legal norms governing relations in the field of theatrical art. The scientific novelty of the work is to determine the peculiarities of the implementation of creative theatrical activity, aimed at the emergence of intellectual property in the theater and the creative personnel of the theater. It was proved the irrationality of the legislative approach, in which the right of the theater to a commercial name arises only if the theater operates as an entrepreneurial entity. The necessity of legislative changes is substantiated, according to which professional creative personnel of theaters has the right to protect intellectual property rights on the results of their creative work in the theatrical art sphere. Conclusions. It is established that during the realization of theatrical activity the objects of copyright (scenarios, musical works, drawings, scenery, etc.) and objects of related rights (performing dances, performing performances, using phonograms, etc.) are used the most often. It is determined that the scenario on the basis of which the performance takes place may be either a new product or a derivative work (in case another dramatic work is processed for a specific stage production). It is proved that the complexity of the delineation of author contributions of certain subjects of theatrical creativity is due to the commonality of their creative work, which is aimed at making one creative result – theatrical production. It is substantiated that the work of the professional creative theater personnel is reduced not only to the fulfillment of a certain labor function, but also leads to the creation of intellectual property objects (objects of copyright and/or related rights). ; Метою роботи є аналіз театральної діяльності як творчої діяльності, спрямованої на створення об'єктів інтелектуальної власності. Методологія. У процесі виконання наукового дослідження використано такі наукові методи: діалектичний – для виявлення основних закономірностей та особливостей, властивих правовідносинам, що виникають у сфері театрального мистецтва; порівняльний – для порівняння вітчизняного та зарубіжного законодавства щодо театральної діяльності; аналізу – для дослідження правових норм, що регулюють відносини у сфері театрального мистецтва. Наукова новизна роботи полягає у визначенні особливостей здійснення творчої театральної діяльності, спрямованої на виникнення інтелектуальної власності у театру та творчих працівників театру. Доведено нераціональність законодавчого підходу, за якого право театру на комерційне найменування виникає лише за умови функціонування театру як підприємницького товариства. Обґрунтовано необхідність законодавчих змін, відповідно до яких професійні творчі працівники театрів мають право на охорону (в тому числі на захист) прав інтелектуальної власності на результати своєї творчості у сфері театрального мистецтва. Висновки. Встановлено, що під час здійснення театральної діяльності найчастіше використовуються об'єкти авторського права (сценарії, музичні твори, малюнки-декорації тощо) та об'єкти суміжних прав (виконання танців, акторське виконання, використання фонограм тощо). Визначено, що сценарій, на підставі якого відбувається постановка вистави, може бути або новим твором, або похідним твором (у випадку, якщо інший драматичний твір переробляється під конкретну сценічну постановку). Доведено, що складність розмежування авторських внесків окремих суб'єктів театральної творчості зумовлено спільністю їх творчої праці, яка спрямована на створення одного творчого результату – театральної постановки. Обґрунтовано, що трудова діяльність професійних творчих працівників театру зводиться не просто до виконання певної трудової функції, а веде до створення об'єктів інтелектуальної власності (об'єктів авторського та/або суміжних прав).

The purpose of the article is to analyze theatrical activity as a creative activity aimed at creating objects of intellectual property. Methodology. In the process of scientific research the following scientific methods have been used: dialectical – to identify the basic laws and peculiarities of legal relations that arise in the field of theatrical art; comparative – for comparison of domestic and foreign legislation on theatrical activity; analysis – for the study of legal norms governing relations in the field of theatrical art. The scientific novelty of the work is to determine the peculiarities of the implementation of creative theatrical activity, aimed at the emergence of intellectual property in the theater and the creative personnel of the theater. It was proved the irrationality of the legislative approach, in which the right of the theater to a commercial name arises only if the theater operates as an entrepreneurial entity. The necessity of legislative changes is substantiated, according to which professional creative personnel of theaters has the right to protect intellectual property rights on the results of their creative work in the theatrical art sphere. Conclusions. It is established that during the realization of theatrical activity the objects of copyright (scenarios, musical works, drawings, scenery, etc.) and objects of related rights (performing dances, performing performances, using phonograms, etc.) are used the most often. It is determined that the scenario on the basis of which the performance takes place may be either a new product or a derivative work (in case another dramatic work is processed for a specific stage production). It is proved that the complexity of the delineation of author contributions of certain subjects of theatrical creativity is due to the commonality of their creative work, which is aimed at making one creative result – theatrical production. It is substantiated that the work of the professional creative theater personnel is reduced not only to the fulfillment of a certain labor function, but also leads to the creation of intellectual property objects (objects of copyright and/or related rights). ; Метою роботи є аналіз театральної діяльності як творчої діяльності, спрямованої на створення об'єктів інтелектуальної власності. Методологія. У процесі виконання наукового дослідження використано такі наукові методи: діалектичний – для виявлення основних закономірностей та особливостей, властивих правовідносинам, що виникають у сфері театрального мистецтва; порівняльний – для порівняння вітчизняного та зарубіжного законодавства щодо театральної діяльності; аналізу – для дослідження правових норм, що регулюють відносини у сфері театрального мистецтва. Наукова новизна роботи полягає у визначенні особливостей здійснення творчої театральної діяльності, спрямованої на виникнення інтелектуальної власності у театру та творчих працівників театру. Доведено нераціональність законодавчого підходу, за якого право театру на комерційне найменування виникає лише за умови функціонування театру як підприємницького товариства. Обґрунтовано необхідність законодавчих змін, відповідно до яких професійні творчі працівники театрів мають право на охорону (в тому числі на захист) прав інтелектуальної власності на результати своєї творчості у сфері театрального мистецтва. Висновки. Встановлено, що під час здійснення театральної діяльності найчастіше використовуються об'єкти авторського права (сценарії, музичні твори, малюнки-декорації тощо) та об'єкти суміжних прав (виконання танців, акторське виконання, використання фонограм тощо). Визначено, що сценарій, на підставі якого відбувається постановка вистави, може бути або новим твором, або похідним твором (у випадку, якщо інший драматичний твір переробляється під конкретну сценічну постановку). Доведено, що складність розмежування авторських внесків окремих суб'єктів театральної творчості зумовлено спільністю їх творчої праці, яка спрямована на створення одного творчого результату – театральної постановки. Обґрунтовано, що трудова діяльність професійних творчих працівників театру зводиться не просто до виконання певної трудової функції, а веде до створення об'єктів інтелектуальної власності (об'єктів авторського та/або суміжних прав).

The article explores the concepts, features and directions for the development of intellectual property science at the present stage. The basic scientific schools of intellectual property law are analysed, the specifics of their formation and genesis are considered. The article emphasizes that the science of intellectual property law is a system of knowledge and theoretical ideas about the laws of legal regulation of relations in the field of protection of intellectual and creative activities, interpretation of legal norms and the results of analysis and generalization of their application. As intellectual property right, the science of intellectual property law is a relatively young field in the legal system; however, it already has a long history of development, well-known representatives and scientific schools, including those pertaining to Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The development of intellectual property science in Ukraine is based on several scientific schools in Kyiv, Odessa, Lviv and Kharkiv, which are represented by powerful research centres and educational institutions. The Kyiv School of Intellectual Property is formed by two research centres: the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and the Research Institute of Intellectual Property of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The origin and development of the science of intellectual property law in Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv is associated with the figure of the famous domestic scientist O.A. Hills. Since 2013, the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law has been operating at the Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. At the current stage, the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law jointly with the Scientific and Educational Centre for Intellectual Property of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv make a powerful centre of the development of intellectual property law science in Ukraine. Keywords: intellectual property, science, methodology, legal category, scientific school, scientist.

В статті аналізуються науково-технічна діяльність, розробляються механізми по залученню та використанню, виявляються та аналізуються проблеми комерціалізації інтелектуальної власності в Україні. Виявлено проблеми, пов'язані з законодавчою базою інтелектуальної власності та рекомендації щодо покращення стану. ; In article are analyzed scientific and technical activity, mechanisms on attraction and use are developed, problems of commercialization of intellectual property in Ukraine appear and analyzed. The problems connected with legislative base of intellectual property and the recommendation concerning improvement of a state are revealed.