Suchergebnisse

The aim of the paper is to analyse the impact of political instability on inflow of foreign direct investments (FDI) in transition economies (CEE, Balkan and Post-Soviet countries). Regarding standard indexes of political instability, there is a shortage of data within the selected sample of countries. Therefore, we propose alternative proxies for political instability. Furthermore, we distinguish between two types of political instability being omitted in thematic literature: elite (minority or weak governments) and non-elite (violent protests, civil wars, coups). The paper provides two-step empirical analysis: correlation analysis and regression models using standard OLS. Both analyses compare the effect of selected proxies for political instability on inflow of FDI and FDI per capita. In summary, it is not possible to prove the effect of political instability on inflow of FDI in transition countries in unambiguous way. Despite it, a few statistically significant variables seem to be perspective for future research; subindex Political Stability within Governance Matters by the Word Bank and Group Grievance within Failed State Index by the Fund for Peace (non-elite); Herfindahl Index Government and a dummy for (non)presence of parliament election (elite).

This article examines the relationship between transitional justice and reconciliation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author aims to answer the question how, to what extent and on the basis of what mechanisms transitional justice contributes to reconciliation. In the first, descriptive part of the article she introduces the term and the mechanisms of transitional justice, and in the second, analytical part she examines their concrete form in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their contribution to the process of reconciliation, which is understood here as a renewal of relationships between individuals and a recognition of one's own responsibility for past wrongs. The author concludes that transitional justice contributes to the reconciliation process only in a limited way because of its low trustworthiness, its low visibility and the overly small investments in its measures. To bring about a societal change transitional justice needs to be implemented better, in a more thorough and sensitive way and especially visibly, above all in terms of restorative justice and truth telling. Adapted from the source document.

We analyze corruption and economic freedom links to public finance and investment in new EU members. In terms of the public investment our results show that improvement in economic freedom is linked to increases in public investment while lowering of corruption is linked with increase or decrease with respect to public investment. As a complementary finding we show that increases in public investment are also linked with the ambiguous effect. In case of public finance our estimates suggest that debt usually decreases as economic regulation goes down while the effect on budget deficit goes both ways. On other hand, as corruption declines both budget deficit and debt decrease. Based on our results we generalize that measures taken to lower corruption and economic regulation should lead to improvements in fiscal position in most of the new EU member states. Adapted from the source document.

The Czech economy was characterized by a high nominal & real appreciation that was caused by great foreign direct investment inflow in 2002. The paper analyzes the effect of the Czech currency appreciation on industrial branches & the industry as a whole using a simple model based on a corporate accounting. The Outcome of the model is then compared with actual y-o-y data of non-financial corporations in 2002. There is significant difference between industrial branches in sensitivity to appreciation. Foreign owned branches are able to limit the negative impact of appreciation, whereas the worst situation is in branches owed only by residents & the public. The property structure, in addition to the labor intensity of production, has had a great effect on corporate finance after the rapid crown appreciation. 3 Tables, 3 Figures, 14 References. Adapted from the source document.

The paper focuses on accrual taxes, investment and depreciation in government sector from statistical point of view. The paper is a feedback on paper published in Politicka ekonomie 2/2010 by authors Hrdlicka, Istvanfyova and Vitek. Original paper dealt with similar issue but from accountants' point of view. The statistical view of this matter is slightly different and it is influenced by current national accounts' standard ESA 1995. The most of the paper is devoted to the investment and depreciation, in national accounts terms capital formation and capital consumption. The sector of government is a very important investor and property owner in the Czech Republic. Therefore a good record of investment and depreciation is important not only for government sector itself but also for total economy. Adapted from the source document.

Focuses on foreign direct investment (FDI) in manufacturing in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, & Slovakia (CECs), where FDI penetration jumped to remarkable high levels in recent years. Foreign investment enterprises are more profitable, export-oriented & technologically superior compared to domestic companies. FDI is perceived as a main channel of technology transfer & potential source of spillovers in host economy, though, estimates of technology transfer show mixed picture in the CECS. FDI spurs restructuring & productivity growth in foreign investment enterprises but FDI rather crowds out domestic companies as spillovers are confirmed only to domestic companies with sufficient technological absorptive capacity. The paper concludes with some policy implications regarding FDI promotion & innovation policy. 6 Tables, 1 Figure, 66 References. Adapted from the source document.

The paper provides an exploratory analysis of regional dynamics among 264 NUTS2 EU-27 regions over the period 1992-2006. Seven different regional indicators are analyzed including wages, household expenditures, retail sales, investments, productivity, GDP, & GDP adjusted for international purchasing power differences. Several aspects of regional dynamics are studied such as convergence, polarization, role of international component, overall mobility, & individual mobility of Czech regions. Different methods are employed including some traditional techniques such as Gini coefficient, Theil decomposition, or kernel density estimates but also more innovative measures based on the pair-wise comparisons of regions. The results suggest strong regional convergence in relative ratios hand in hand with increasing absolute gaps among European regions. The analysis also indicates a significant bipolarity in the investigated distributions & a major role of international component in the process of European regional development. From the Czech regions, only Praha & Stredni Cechy recorded some upward mobility in the European regional rank distributions, while the relative positions of all other units deteriorated. Adapted from the source document.

The aim of paper is to estimate internal rates on return on human capital investment in the Czech Republic. Internal rates of returns are estimated from the point of view of individuals and society. Authors did their own computations and estimations, which are based on some selected data: REFLEX survey, Eurostudent IV survey, data about wage development from Czech Statistical Office and from Information system about average salaries. Internal rates of return are differenced by study fields, regions and sex. Pares also reflects the current demographic situation in the Czech Republic and thoughts about reform of tertiary educational system including tuition fees at public universities. Adapted from the source document.