Suchergebnisse

Pembangunan ketenagakerjaan harus diatur sedemikian rupa, sehingga hak-hak dan perlindungan yang mendasar bagi pekerja terpenuhi, serta pada saat bersamaan dapat mewujudkan kondisi yang kondusif bagi pembangunan dunia usaha.Namun kenyataannya tidak demikian, banyak terjadi demo buruh menuntut kenaikan upah minimum, dalam hal ini perlunya peran dari Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi untuk memberikan solusi.Maka penulis tertarik meneliti peran Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi dalam penetapan upah minimum di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran yang diberikan Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi Jawa Tengah kepada Gubernur dalam penetapan upah minimum dengan berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif jenis pendekatan yuridis empiris dan validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peran Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi meliputi dari bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan November,yaitu pada bulan tersebut terdapat kegiatan bulanan seperti survei KHL bulan Januari sampai bulan September, pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan bulan Desember melakukan prediksi nilai KHL dengan cara y.o.y (year on year),kemudian setelah itu membuat rumus formula penghitungan umk dengan mempertimbangkan nilai khl, kondisi pasar kerja, produktivitas, dan usaha marjinal. Peran yang diberikan Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi sudah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan, hanya saja Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi masih mendapati kendala, dan upaya untuk mengatasinya yaitu:sulitnya bersepakat saat rapat pleno, upaya yang dilakukan oleh Dewan Pengupahan adalah dengan cara pendekatan persuasif, membuat kesekretariatan, membuat kelompok kecil;banyak kabupaten/ kota terlambat dalam pengiriman hasil survei KHL, upaya yang dilakukan Dewan Pengupahan adalah dengan cara mengirimkan surat resmi; data hasil survei KHL tidak realistisdengan kewajaranlapangan dan terdapat komponen KHL yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi kabupaten/ kota, maka mengatasinya dengan cara memberikan catatan dan dimintaagar mengkonfirmasi lagi, untuk komponenKHL yang tidak sesuai maka dipilih komponen KHL yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat; terlalu banyak rumus formula penghitungan UMK dan prediksi KHL, upaya untuk mengatasinya dengan cara melaksanakan rapat pleno guna mendapat jenis rumus formula yang dibutuhkan.Saran untuk Dewan Pengupahan Provinsi adalah mampu melepas ideologi pribadi dan kelompok, sehingga tugas dapat dilaksanakan lebih baik lagi.Manpower development should be organized in such a way, so that the rights and protections for workers' fundamental fulfilled, and at the same time can create conditions conducive to the development of the business. But the reality is not so, a lot going on demos workers demanding higher minimum wage, in this case the need for the role of provincial councils to provide a solution. The authors are interested in examining the role of councils in the province of minimum wage in the province of Central Java. This study aims to determine the extent to which a given role Wage Council to the Governor of Central Java province in setting the minimum wage by legislation. This study uses a qualitative approach, empirical and juridical validity of the data using triangulation techniques. The results showed that the role of provincial councils covering from January to November, which are included in the monthly activities such as surveys KHL January to September, October to December to predict the value of the KHL in a way y.o.y (year on year), and then after that make the formula calculation taking into account the value of MSE khl, labor market conditions, productivity, and marginal businesses. Given the role of provincial councils are in accordance with the legislation, only provincial councils still have constraints, and attempts to overcome that: difficult to agree when the plenary meeting, the efforts made by the councils is to persuasive approach, making the secretariat, create small groups; many districts / cities late in delivery KHL survey, efforts Wage Council is to send an official letter; KHL survey data is not realistic with fairness KHL field and there is a component that does not comply with the conditions of the district/ city, then solve it by providing records and asked to confirm again, for KHL components that do not fit the chosen components KHL are often consumed by the public; too much of the formula calculation and prediction cityminimum wageKHL, attempt to resolve it by way of implementing the plenary meeting in order to get the type of the formula required. Suggestions for provincial councils are able to remove the personal ideologies and groups, so that the task can be executed better.

Abstract The local Budget revenue and expenditure or APBD is annual financial plan that made by local government with local parliament (DPRD), which is describes activate and program plan to achieve the local medium development plan (RPJMD). The or APBD should be optimized to achieve the public welfare which is the purpose of the local government. This article will analyze the realization of the local budget of central java in 2008 until 2010. The research problem is "how the budget realization in the Local revenue and expenditure budget (APBD) of the Province of Central Java in 2008 until 2010? Key words : Local budget or APBD, apparatus expenditure, public expenditure, Local Medium Development Plan (RPJMD), Vision and Mission.

Local fiscal capacity plays a crucial role in the implementation of regional development. This study aims to examine the fiscal disparities among regions in Central Java province in 2007-2009 period. The research method used is the average difference test against various classes/groups of local fiscal variables, namely level of independence and the degree to fiscal dependency. From the results of the analysis, indicate a significant disparity between the city/county. For the analysis of disparities in fiscal independence, indicate a disparity of high and relatively constant. As for the analysis of disparities in fiscal dependence, indicate a relatively low disparities between city/county. These results imply that the city and district in Central Java province has continued in fiscal independence vary widely but tend to have nearly the same fiscal dependency. This condition will affect the low level of local government discretion in planning and execution of development in the region.

Aset daerah yang digunakan oleh pengguna barang, tidak semua dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Belum termanfaatkannya aset menunjukan bahwa masih perlu ada optimalisasi untuk memanfaatkan aset tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab aset idle daerah serta menentukan strategi untuk mengoptimalkan aset idle daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deksriptif kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif dan AHP (analisis hirarki proses). Informan dari penelitian ini terdiri dari 8 keyperson yang terdiri dari unsur akademisi/peneliti dan instansi dilingkungan pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan AHP yaitu, kriteria pertama faktor sewa, yang kedua faktor sumber daya manusia, yang ketiga faktor anggaran, selanjutnya faktor legal audit, dan yang terakhir faktor regulasi. Alternatif program yakni dengan memperhatikan nilai sewa berdasarkan kondisi aset. Selanjutnya yaitu dengan menambah sumber daya manusia dalam pengelolaan aset serta meningkatkan sumber daya manusia dalam pengelolaan aset. The assets of the area used by the user objects, not all put to good use. Not yet benfits assets show that still need to be there to take advantage of asset optimization. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors cause the idle assets area and determine strategies to optimize asset idle area of Central Java province. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive and analysis technique AHP (analysis Hierarchy process). Informants from this research consists of 8 keyperson consisting ofacademician and government instituion surroundings of Central Java province. The results of research using the AHP first criteria i.e., the lease factor, the second factor in human resources, the third factor in the next budget, audit, legal factorsand the last regulatory factors. Alternative program namely with regard for the value of the lease based on the condition of the assets. Next is to increase human resources in the management of the assets as well as increasing human resource in the management of assets.

Pariwisata merupakan salah satu bagian yang penting dari sebuah Daerah/Provinsi. Selain sebagai tempat rekreasi, pariwisata juga penting dalam 3 aspek, dari aspek ekonomi sebagai sumber pendapatan dan pajak, dari aspek sosial penciptaan lapangan kerja serta dari aspek budaya kita dapat memperkenalkan budaya kepada wistawan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Klassen Typologi, LQ, MRP, dan Overlay. Dengan mengambil wilayah studi seluruh kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. hasil analisis dengan beberapa metode tersebut didapat hasil bahwa kabupaten Banjarnegara, Kab. Semarang, Kota Magelang, dan Kebumen merupakan kabupaten dengan pariwisata unggulan. untuk jenis wisata Alam yaitu Banjarnegara, Banyumas, Klaten, Wonosobo. Sedangkan Banjarnegara, Kab. Semarang, Kota Magelang, dan Kota Surakarta merupakan kabupaten/kota unggulan untuk jenis wisata buatan. Wisata bahari yang menjadi unggulan yaitu Brebes, Demak, Kebumen, Purworejo, Rembang, dan Kota Pekalongan. Wisata religi yang menjadi unggulan adalah Jepara dan Kab. Semarang. Kebumen, Kabupaten Magelang, Sragen, dan Wonosobo merupakan kabupaten dengan keunggulan jenis wisata kesehatannya. Wisata sejarah dan wisata budaya tidak ada yang unggul di semua kabupaten/kota. Kesimpulannya masih banyak kabupaten/kota yang belum potensial untuk itu pemerintah dapat mengembangkan sektor pariwisatanya disesuaikan dengan jenis wisatanya yang mempunyai keunggulan atau potensial untuk dikembangkan. Tourism is one important part of a Regional / Provincial. Aside from being a place for recreation, tourism is also important in three aspects, economic aspects as a source of income and tax aspects of employment creation and social aspects of our culture can introduce the culture to wistawan. The method used is KlassenTypologi,LQ, MRP, and Overlay. By taking the entire study area districts / cities in Central Java province. the analysis results with some of these methods result is thatdistrict, Banjarnegara Kab. Semarang, Magelang, and Kebumen district is featured tourism. for this type of travel, namely Alam Banjarnegara, Banyumas, Klaten, Wonosobo. While Banjarnegara, Kab. Semarang, Magelang and Surakarta is a regency / city featured on the type of artificial travel. Marine tourism is seeded Brebes, Demak, Kebumen, Purworejo, Rembang, and Pekalongan. Religious tourism is the flagship and Kab Jepara. Semarang. Kebumen, Magelang, Sragen and Wonosobo is the district with the advantages of the type of travel health. The historical and cultural attractions nothing superior in all districts / cities. In conclusion there are many districts / cities who have the potential for the government to develop the tourism sector adapted to the type of tourism that has an advantage or potential for development.

The purpose of this research is to examine directly effect factors which affect financial performance in financial report of local government in Central Java. This research was done by examining the affectation revenue, expenditure, tax, real estate, grant, capital, GDP, population, tourist and employment as independent variable, to financial performance as dependent variable.This research used 70 financial report of local government in Central Java at 2005 – 2007 as the sample. This sample was selected using proportional purposive sampling method. Financial performace was measured by three financial ratio of local government they are Self-government Ratio, Effectively Ratio and Efficiency Ratio with 10 hypotheses were examined by regression multiple analysis. The result of statistical analysis showed that variable of revenue, expenditure, tax, real estate, grant, GDP (Gross Domestic Product), tourist and population it can be concluded that all of variables are collectively having significant effect on financial performance, while partially, only variable revenue and expenditure having positive significant affect on financial performance. Keywords: financial performance, economic growth, poverty, unemployment

The position of the Regional Representatives Council (DPRD) and the regional head (executive) as partner makes their relationship very important for the success of the regional administration. Harmonious synergy between the two can make local governance objectives achieved effectively and efficiently. This paper reviews the executive and legislative relations in Central Java after a year leadership of Governor Ganjar Pranowo that can be learned by other region.

The economic growth of Central Java have been facing some good phases over the period of stabilization and rehabilitation (1967-1972), the golden age of oil (1973-1982), the period of external shocks I (1983-1986), the era of the rise of non-oil exports (1987-1996), the period of external shocks II (1997-1998), and the period of economic stabilization after crisis (1999-2003). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the economic growth of Central Java Province based on the identified macroeconomic variables, especially in terms of spending and to see the amount of labor absorbed in every field of business. The data used for modeling the application is secondary data and annual time series from 1995 until 2011. The result of this study showed that macroeconomic variable in terms of spending (real sector) which directly affects regional gross domestic regional product of Central Java, consists of: household consumption (C), government consumption (G), private consumption (I), exports (X). Meanwhile, imports does not directly affect gross domestic regional product of Central Java. There are also six (6) business sectors in Central Java Province which are able to increase the absorption of labor every increase of its output that is showed by the number of positive working elasticity. These business sectors are: manufacturing; electricity, gas, and water supply; construction; trade, hotels and restaurants; finance, leasing & services companies, and services. But, there are three business sectors whose working elasticity is negative, it means that although the ouput generated increases, but its absorption towards labor is low (decrease). These three business sectors are: agriculture; mining & quarrying; and transportation & communication.

Perhatian ekonom terhadap masalah ketimpangan sangatlah kurang. Kondisi ini juga dilakukan oleh lembaga dunia (Bank Dunia dan UNDP) terutama di bidang kemiskinan, serta pemerintah kita. Dampak kebijakan yang bias antara kemiskinan dan penanggulangan ketimpangan sosial dapat dilihat dari data. Di Indonesia, khususnya Jawa Tengah, selama periode 2002-2011, pertumbuhan ekonomi di Jawa Tengah meningkat disertai dengan pengurangan kemiskinan. Namun ketimpangannya meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis determinan pendapatan yang timpang di Jawa Tengah dari tahun 2002 sampai dengan 2011. Panel metode Data regerssion digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini. Ada 35 data cross section yang mewakili setiap kabupaten dan data seri selama 10 tahun Uji F dan uji Hausman menunjukkan bahwa model efek random terbatas adalah yang terbaik untuk analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya ada dua variabel yang signifikan yang menyebabkan ketimpangan (share of economic output received by employers wages). Sementara itu, dua variabel lain tidak signifikan (urbanization and dependency ratio).The attention of economist to the problem of inequality is weak. This condition is followed by the world institution (World Bank and UNDP) which concerns in the areas of poverty, as well as our government. The impact of biased policy between poverty and inequality reduction can be seen from the data. In Indonesia, especially Central Java, during the period of 2002 to 2011, economic growth in Central Java increased accompanied by poverty reduction. However inequality increasedThe purpose of the study is to analyze the determinant of inequality income in Central Java from 2002 up to 2011. Panel data regerssion method is used to achieve the objectives of this study. There are 35 cross section data represent every regency and 10-years data series. F test and Hausman test indicate that restricted random effect models are best for analysis. The result shows that there are only two significant variables that determine inequality (share of economic output received by employers wages). Meanwhile, the other two variables are not significant (urbanization and dependency ratio).

Petanque merupakan olahraga baru dengan mempertandingkan 11 nomor sehingga jika dikelola secara baik dapat memberikan sumbangan prestasi yang cukup berarti bagi Jawa Tengah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perspektif olahraga petanque dalam mendukung prestasi olahraga Jawa Tengah ditinjau dari aspek organisasi dan manajemen, pendanaan, dukungan pemerintah, sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana, pembinaan, dan penerapan IPTEK. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sumber data diperoleh dari pengurus, KONI, atlet dan pelatih. Teknik analisis data dengan triangulasi. Data dianalisis dengan mengumpulkan data, mereduksi data, menyampaikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian: (1) petanque Jawa Tengah mempunyai struktur organisasi, legalitas, program kerja, dan manajemen organisasi, (2) Sumber dana tetap berasal dari KONI Jawa Tengah dan pengadministrasian dana yang tersususun rapi, (3) Dukungan pemerintah yang diberikan berupa pendanaan dan penyediaan fasilitas, (4) Jawa Tengah mempunyai atlet berprestasi dan 3 wasit berlisensi Nasional, (5) Sarana prasarana yang dimiliki yaitu 8 set bola besi, lingkaran pelempar dan lapangan latihan, (6) Jawa Tengah mempunyai 2 klub yaitu Unnes Petanque Club dan UTP Petanque Club dan program latihan tersusun rapi dalam latihan, (7) petanque Jawa Tengah menjalin kerjasama dengan Universitas dalam pembinaannya. Simpulan: petanque dapat menjadi olahraga yang mampu berkembang dan mendukung prestasi Jawa Tengah, disarankan segera melakukan sosialisasi dan pembentukan kepengurusan di Kabupaten/Kota dan mengadakan kejuaraan rutin.Petanque is a new sport with a fight for 11 numbers so that, if managed well will be able to contribute a significant achievement for Central Java. The purpose of this study to determine the sporting perspective petanque in Central Java support sports achievements in terms of aspects of organization and management, funding, government support, human resources, infrastructure, development, and application of science and technology. This study used a qualitative approach. The technique of collecting data using interviews, observation, and documentation. Sources of data obtained from the board, KONI, athletes and coaches. Data analysis techniques with triangulation. Data were analyzed by collecting data, data reduction, relaying data, and draw conclusions. Results: (1) petanque Central Java has the organizational structure, legality, work programs, and organizational management, (2) Source of funding still comes from KONI Central Java and there are administrating funds tersususun neat, (3) government support provided in the form of funding and provision of facilities , (4) petanque Central Java has outstanding athlete and three referees licensed National, (5) Means infrastructure owned ie 8 set the iron ball, circle the thrower and the practice field, (6) petanque Central Java has two clubs that Unnes Petanque Club and UTP Petanque Club and No exercise program is arranged in the process of training, (7) petanque Central Java in cooperation with the University of coaching. Conclusion: petanque sport can be a sport that is capable of developing and supporting the sporting achievements of Central Java, recommended to the board immediately socialization and formation of leadership at the district/city and hold regular championship.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : menganalisis pengaruh suku bunga kredit, pengeluaran pemerintah dan tenaga kerja terhadap Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN) di Jawa Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder runtut waktu (time series) dengan periode 28 tahun dimulai pada tahun 1988 sampai tahun 2015. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Pengujian menggunakan uji t-statistik dan uji F-statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengeluaran pemerintah berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap PMDN. Variabel tenaga kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PMDN. Sedangkan variabel suku bunga kredit berpengaruh negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap PMDN. The objectives of this research are to analyze the effect of lending interest rate, government expenditure and labor on domestic investments in Central Java. This research is a quantitative study in which the data used as the reference is secondary time series based data with a period of 28 years from the beginning in 1988 until 2015. The analytical method applied is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) while the statistical assessment was using t-test and F-test statistics. Based on the results of data analysis, it is showed that the variable government expenditure has a negative and not significant effect on domestic investment. The variable labor growth has a positive and significant effect on domestic investment. The variable lending interest rate has negative effect but not significant on domestic investment.

Through study of campaign discourse from various documents, this research tries to explain political constellation and discourse in Cenral Java toward the election in 1955. In order to increase the people votes, the political parties make efforts to win the election in 1955. Those efforts are implemented in campaign to attract attention. Discourses scatter as an effort to ingratiate people. Four largest winning parties namely PNI, Masyumi, NU, and PKI, are also involved actively in campaign. Each of the, has good mapped approach and targets. In order to attract sympathy from people, the parties often have discourse fight. The discourse fight particularly occurs between PNI-Masyumi, PKI-Masyumi. In Central Java, the discourses of parties and their fight also mark campaign process toward the voting day. Other parties consider Masyumi as a rival, so insistent attact comes to oppose Masyumi. Melalui kajian terhadap wacana kampanye dari berbagai dokumen, penelitian ini mencoba meng-uraikan konstelasi politik dan wacana kampanye di Jawa Tengah menjelang pemilu 1955. Dalam rangka meningkatkan perolehan suara rakyat, partai-partai politik melakukan upaya-upaya untuk memenangkan pemilihan umum tahun 1955. Upaya tersebut diimplementasikan dalam pelaksanaan kampanye untuk menarik perhatian. Wacana-wacana berhamburan sebagai upaya untuk mengambil hati rakyat. Empat besar partai pemenang pemilihan umum, yakni PNI, Masyumi, NU, dan PKI, juga terlibat secara aktif dalam kampanye. Masing-masing memiliki pendekatan dan sasaran yang telah dipetakan sedemikian rupa. Dalam rangka menarik simpati masyarakat tersebut, tak jarang partai-partai tersebut mengalami pertarungan wacana Pertarungan wacana terutama terjadi antara PNI-Masyumi, PKI-Masyumi. Di Jawa Tengah, wacana-wacana partai dan pertarungannya juga mewarnai proses kampanye menjelang hari pemungutan suara. Partai-partai lain menganggap Masyumi sebagai rival, sehingga serangan bertubi-tubi datang menyerang Masyumi.

Central Java's economy in 2004 has a higher economic growth and inflation than 2003.Economic growth on supply side was influenced by three economic sectors (trade, hotel &restaurant, manufacturing industry, and services). On demand side, economic growth wasinfluenced by private consumption, government consumption, and export. The priordeterminance of inflation in 2004 is come from supply side: volatile foods and clothes (cost push inflation). On demand side, inflation was influenced by communication and financial services. Banking sector (commercial bank and rural bank) has a good performance in 2004. All of banking performance indicators were increased, i.e. total asset, total deposit, credit, and loan to deposits ratio. Meanwhile, ratio of non performing loans was declined.Central Java's export in 2002-2004 has increased significantly that be dominated byfour prime industries (textile, furniture, wearing apparel, and products of wood). Thecontribution of four industries is 76,04% of total export. Businessmen and exporters havebeen understood that high level competitiveness of the export commodities is majorprecondition to compete in international market. This awareness makes optimism spirit ofbusinessmen to increase Central Java's export performance.Outlook of Central Java's economy in 2005 is predicted will have a higher economicgrowth with higher inflation than 2004. Two dominant economic sectors (manufacturingindustry sector and trade, hotel & restaurant sector) will lead its growth on supply side.Private consumption, investment, and export will be a prime mover of growth on demandside. The administered price, especially increasing of oil (BBM) price, will be a priordeterminance of inflation in 2005. Outlook of banking sector, especially on credit, also hasa good prospect. This is based on increasing trends of real sector and household needs,stability of social and political condition, and infrastructure projects of central governmentthat will be supported by banking sector. Outlook of Central Java's export in 2005 isdepend on performance of export commodities of four industries above. To realize it,regional government of Central Java must create an export development program focusing on product quality improvement. Meanwhile, the linked institutions (public and private institutions) on export development must cooperate on implementing and sustainable program to realize an effective synergism.

Central Java BKKBN (Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencana Nasional) main objectives is to facilitate government policy in population control. To achieve this objective, BKKBN should treat man and woman in a same respectful way because both have the same contribution to population control. Unfortunately some of their Public Service Announcement (PSA) did not show this emancipation. One of their PSA show only a young woman with her baby, delivering a subtle message that young woman is responsible for early marriage. By using Fairclough's Discourse Analysis, we found that BKKBN Central Java unconsciously construct a discourse through their PSA that young woman not only become the most unbenefited side in the early marriage, but also the most responsible for the marriage.

Historically tobacco commodities had been interesting as high value commodity sinceHindia Belanda Colonialist. Indonesian government to be continued tobacco developmentimplemented by government estate enterprise (Perusahaan Negara Perkebunan). Tobaccofarm by smallholder estate in Klaten objective to export commodities. Based on the problemin the tobacco commodities system, this paper have objective to : (1) Performance of tobaccoeconomics; (2) Private and social analysis profitability; (3) Comparative and competitiveanalysis; (4) Incentives policy analysis in the tobacco commodities system; (5) To formulatedevelopment perspective on tobacco commodities. Methodological on this paper use PolicyAnalysis Matrix (PAM), especially to analysis competitiveness and impact of divergences.The result to describe that tobacco small holder farming in Klaten have comparative andcompetitive advantage, each to indicate coefficient value of DRC : 0.42-0.65 and PCR : 0.55-0.67. Even though tobacco market especially for export very high distorted, i.e. cukai costhave achieve 30-40 %. So that rural area in Klaten, Central Java more profitable to increasingfor tobacco domestic production compared with import. Policy implication, tobaccoproduction in Klaten can to be continued improvement by specific location of technologydevelopment. The several argument are efficiency of domestic resource use, extensive oflabor absorption, and so to gate some foreign exchange that is scarcity.