Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Policing the Police: Knowledge Management in Law Enforcement -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Complaints and Crime -- Police Complaints -- Police Crime -- Crime Attractiveness -- Rethinking Police Complaints -- The Case of Unauthorized Disclosure -- Police Crime Classification -- Police Crime Continuum -- Theories of Police Crime -- Criminology Theories -- Management Theories -- Organizational Culture -- Organizational Structure -- The Case of Police Corruption -- Corruption and Crime Reporting -- Corruption and Poverty -- Economic Models of Corruption -- Patterns of Police Corruption -- EPAC - European Partners Against Corruption -- Organized Crime Corruption -- Corruption as Business Practice -- Knowledge Management -- Knowledge Categories -- Knowledge Management Systems -- Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom -- Classification of Information Sources -- Crime Analysis -- Law Enforcement -- Laws and Regulations -- Police Accountability -- The Belgian Registration System -- Police Management -- Police Leadership -- Police Integrity -- Ten Police Principles -- Entrepreneurial Management -- Role-Based Policing -- New Public Management -- Global Knowledge Exchange -- The Need for Research -- Police Investigations -- How Investigations Work -- The Case of IPCC Investigations -- Knowledge Works in Investigations -- How Detectives Work -- Detective Thinking Styles -- Characteristics of Effective Detectives -- Profiling Police Complaints Detectives -- Knowledge Management Technology -- Stages of Growth Model -- The KMT Stage Model -- Unified Communication in Knowledge Management -- The Case of Geographic Information Systems -- Police Performance Management -- An Empirical Study of Police Investigations -- An Empirical Study of Intelligence Work -- Other Performance Indicators -- Performance Leadership -- The Case of Norwegian Bureau.

Achieving the goals of law, the most important of which is ensuring justice, depends on the competence of law enforcement officers, their knowledge and the ability to use this knowledge in the course of professional activity. The article substantiates the assumption that one of the reasons for the low efficiency of law enforcement is the epistemological illiteracy of its subjects. It consists in the fact that they consider law enforcement as an action based on ready-made, template knowledge, into which they squeeze the object in question, which is always different from this template. The author sees the way out in giving the subject the authority to create relevant knowledge, which, while preserving the essential features of law, would be proportionate to the situation "here" and "now". This requires him to have a high level of philosophical culture and epistemological competence as its component.

"This book explores the knowledge base and procedures necessary for a law enforcement leader to plan, mitigate, and respond to a crisis and the subsequent consequences. A feature of the textbook is that actual events are explored in a Lessons Learned section. This not only provides the law enforcement leader with lessons in what he or she should do, but also addresses those actions he or she should not take. The problems inherent in evacuations, emergency sheltering, sheltering in place, and access issues are discussed and problems such as interagency interfaces, Law Enforcement Incident Management System, and NIMS are addressed. Decision making is explored with legal concepts involving "who is in charge," forcible evacuations, scene access, and interagency operations. This textbook provides an overview and essential information for the law enforcement leader to identify the areas in which additional information, study, planning, and education are required"--

Background: With increasing demand for red meat in Tanzania comes heightened potential for zoonotic infections in animals and humans that disproportionately affect poor communities. A range of frontline government employees work to protect public health, providing services for people engaged in animal-based livelihoods (livestock owners and butchers), and enforcing meat safety and food premises standards. In contrast to literature which emphasises the inadequacy of extension support and food safety policy implementation in low- and middle-income countries, this paper foregrounds the 'street-level diplomacy' deployed by frontline actors operating in challenging contexts. Methods: This research is based on semi-structured interviews with 61 government employees, including livestock extension officers/meat inspectors and health officers, across 10 randomly-selected rural and urban wards. Results: Frontline actors combined formal and informal strategies including the leveraging of formal policy texts and relationships with other state employees, remaining flexible and recognising that poverty constrained people's ability to comply with health regulations. They emphasised the need to work with livestock keepers and butchers to build their knowledge to self-regulate and to work collaboratively to ensure meat safety. Remaining adaptive and being hesitant to act punitively unless absolutely necessary cultivated trust and positive relations, making those engaged in animal-based livelihoods more open to learning from and cooperating with extension officers and inspectors. This may result in higher levels of meat safety than might be the case if frontline actors stringently enforced regulations. Conclusion: The current tendency to view frontline actors' partial enforcement of meat safety regulations as a failure obscures the creative and proactive ways in which they seek to ensure meat safety in a context of limited resources. Their application of 'street-level diplomacy' enables them to be sensitive to local socio-economic realities, to respect local social norms and expectations and to build support for health safety interventions when necessary. More explicitly acknowledging the role of trust and positive state-society relations and the diplomatic skills deployed by frontline actors as a formal part of their inspection duties offers new perspectives and enhanced understandings on the complicated nature of their work and what might be done to support them.

Criminal investigation is a dynamic endeavor impacted by changes in human nature, statutory and constitutional laws, and methods of operation. New challenges are constantly posed for the investigator and the investigation of drug offenses is no exception. It takes advanced skills to keep pace with the criminal mind. Unfortunately, the skills acquired in basic police training are just that: basic. In order to stay ahead of their criminal counterparts, drug enforcement officers must seek extensive, ongoing training and knowledge, not just to secure a lawful conviction but to keep themselves and

Surveillance Systems have become increasingly powerful. Conventional camera based Systems are extended with all kind of sensors (RFID, GPS, etc.), the number of data sources increases, hardware and algorithms improve, and data can potentially be shared between interlinked networks. The technological progress does not threaten solely the protection of privacy; it also provides an opportunity to achieve data and privacy protection on a new level. In this work we propose privacy and security mechanisms to achieve data protection in surveillance systems while providing the best possible functionality. The suggested methods are included in an Object-Oriented World Model (OOWM) that serves as central information hub. It has been developed as a part of the semi-autonomous surveillance system NEST. All member states of the European Union must obey the directive on the protection on personal data. Hence the suggested approach enforces mechanisms to be compliant with the directive that cannot be bypassed. To allow flexible handling of data, the privacy concept for personal data is task-oriented and granular access controls are enforced according to the principle of least privilege. To ensure personal rights, an observed individual can request and access data collected about him. All data related to him can then be corrected or deleted on request with minimal influence to the surveillance tasks. To achieve non-repudiation all changes in the world model are logged. This also helps to ensure data freshness. The approach also aims at data minimization. A minimal amount of information is collected and irrelevant data are deleted as quickly as possible. Processed data are also minimized; i.e. only relevant objects, attributes, and prior knowledge are processed. Concluding, only relevant data is stored outside the world model. The persistent information is linked to the world model and appropriate access controls are enforced to realize multiple access levels.