Suchergebnisse

The risk of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), increases significantly for women in a war/conflict context and forced migration process. However, SGBV exposure by migrant women is only considered as the unfortunate outcome of the war. This situation makes the appearance of SGBV even more obscure and makes it invisible. The aim of this review is to contextually (war/conflict context, journey, and destination country) evaluate the appearances of SGBV, which is the continuation of the conflict to which forced migrant women are exposed, and to discuss the contextual mechanisms that feed the SGBV spiral. As a result, SGBV to which forced migrant women are exposed has a spiral structure, but the appearances of SGBV are complex, interactive, transformative, and are fluidly and dynamically constructed with the contextual parameters in which SGBV action occurs. This construction process determines the direction of outcomes, needs, and interventions.

TEZ10571 ; Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2015. ; Kaynakça (s. 145-157) var. ; ix, 158 s. : 29 cm. ; Şiddet literatürü üzerine yapılan bir tarama, kolektif siyasal şiddet analizi için bütüncül bir paradigmatik yaklaşımın ve metodolojinin söz konusu olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu durum araştırmacıların, genellikle, siyasal şiddetin farklı türlerinden birine odaklanarak vakaya özgü yaklaşımlar geliştirmesinden kaynaklanmakta ve netice olarak da kolektif siyasal şiddet analizinde kullanılacak bütüncül bir çerçevenin geliştirilmesini engellemektedir. Bu çalışma, mevcut literatürün eksikliklerini ve sınırlılıklarını geride bırakmaya yardımcı olacak yeni bir yaklaşıma ihtiyaç olduğunu savunmaktadır. Kaynak Mobilizasyonu ve Yeni Toplumsal Hareketler yaklaşımlarının siyasal fırsat yapıları, çerçeveleme süreci, kaynak mobilizasyonu, örgütsel hareketlilik stratejileri, harekete katılım ve kimlik inşası süreçleri gibi kavramsal ve metodolojik araçlarıyla, kolektif siyasal şiddet analizi için gerekli olan bütüncül yaklaşıma katkı sunabileceği savunulmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, farklı zamansal ve mekânsal koşullarda ortaya çıkan kolektif siyasal şiddetin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için gereklidir. Ayrıca çalışmanın vaka analizi olarak, varsayılandan daha karmaşık bir örgütlenme sunan ve mevcut literatürün analizde yetersiz kaldığı Hamas örneği seçilmiştir. ; A survey of the existing literature on political violence reveals that there is no single paradigmatic approach and method with which to study collective forms of political violence. Scholars usually focus on one type of political violence, developing a case-specific approach, which is not adequate to the task of providing a comprehensive framework with which to analyze different forms of collective political violence. This study points to the need for a new framework which overcomes the shortcomings and limitations of the existing literature. It argues that social movement theory (including both Resource Mobilization approach and New Social Movements theory) can contribute to the development of such a comprehensive approach by providing the base for another way of understanding and interpreting collective political violence as it offers the necessary conceptual and methodological tools such as political opportunity structures, framing processes, resource mobilization, organizational mobilization strategies, movement participation and processes of identity construction. It is, thus, necessary to combine the theoretical insights of social movement theory and the literature on political violence to better analyze collective political violence in different contexts at different times. In this study, these arguments are presented through a case study of Hamas, a complex organization, which is often inadequately analyzed within the existing literature on collective political violence.

The UN's Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda emphasizes women's victimhood and peacemaking roles. However, women participate in two-thirds of armed movements and affect conflict outcomes in unique gendered ways. This article argues that excluding female perpetrators from the WPS agenda generates new insecurities for them and broader societies. By highlighting women's contribution to perpetuating conflict, I propose a framework to incite policymakers to view women's empowerment as a mainstream security concern and implement policies aligned with the goals of the UN WPS Agenda. First, I explore reasons to avoid reinforcing gender norms that portray women as victims and peacemakers. These reasons encompass assessing: 1) women's contributions to armed organizations, 2) their exclusion from post-conflict rehabilitation programs, 3) the limited visibility of human rights violations by women and the underrepresentation of male civilians as victims, and 4) "saving vulnerable women" rhetoric as a justification for Western power involvement. Then, I examine gender inequality as a fundamental cause enabling these factors, underscoring the need to regard gender inequality and traditional gender norms as central security concerns.