Suchergebnisse

The article carries out an analysis of the labor context in Ecuador during the 1930s with the aim of contributing with new quantitative, legal and contextual information. This information is important as they add three essential elements to understand the work context: economically active population and purchasing power; legal context on labor conditions; and, a brief review on the implementation of the minimum wage. This analysis was carried out based on a historical-comparative and analytical method, taking into account three groups of workers, namely: workers in the public and industrial sector; workers in the interior and small industry; and, workers in rural sectors. Multiple legal benefits have been found for the first group, such as compensation for eviction, premature separation, maternity, disability, overtime worked, in addition to a minimum wage differentiated by zone and type of work. For the second group, the legal benefits are random, and the minimum wages paid are assumed to be daily wages and paid in kind. For the third group, the legal benefits are non-existent, as they live within their own cultural conditions, which excludes them from the legalization of labor systems, their salary compensations are in kind or in food exchange.

During the 1960s & 1970s, when women were needed to a great extent in the labor market, critics argued that women were employed as a labor force reserve. Since women have composed a substantial part of the Swedish labor force during recent decades, the thesis of women as a labor force reserve has been contested. In this article, I argue that women are to some extent used as a buffer labor force. Taking public child care as an example, I show how political decisions have resulted in situations where family day carers & nursery nurses are treated as a labor force reserve, not in relation to male workers but in relation to preschool teachers, ie, another female-dominated occupational group. I also argue that some political decisions about public child care imply a paradox concerning the Swedish policy for sexual equality in the labor market. 40 References. Adapted from the source document.