Between 1848 and 1914, around 5,800 Swiss Mercenaries enlisted in the Dutch Colonial Army (KNIL) to fight in the Dutch East Indies, now modern-day Indonesia. This book traces the paths of these mercenaries beyond the boundaries of the Dutch Empire, shedding light on the intricacies of nineteenth-century military labour markets. It delves deep into their social backgrounds, motivations, intimate relationships, and their role in the violent expansion of the colonial empire. In doing so, it unveils the profound impacts of Dutch colonialism, not only on the colonies themselves but also on the social, economic, and cultural landscape of the European hinterland.
Originally published in 1974 and with a new introduction for the 1981 edition, this book is a clear and vivid history of the role of organized labour in the politics of Nigeria. It covers the period from the first General Strike of 1945 to the civil war and reintegration of the country.
Abstract This article examines the removal of children from factories and their integration into the school system in the early nineteenth century, using decommodification as a conceptual framework. The Swiss canton of Aargau serves as a case study – a region where the textile industry flourished and a liberal government came to power after the July Revolution, subsequently enforcing compulsory education. Through a nuanced exploration of diverse sources, the article argues that decommodification was a deeply contentious process marked by conflicts between working-class families, factory owners, the state, and the church. Simultaneously, these conflicts unleashed dynamic forces that coded working-class childhood in terms of age and gender. It is this transformational power that underscores the interpretative potential of decommodification as a constructive process of Vergesellschaftung (sociation). Beyond simply freeing children from labour obligations, the prohibition of factory work reintegrated them intricately into the social fabric of the economy.
"Through developing an ethical-methodological approach of 'radical care,' this book explores how critical artistic practice might contribute to the materialisation of more equal, more collectively fulfilling, possibilities of being. Chapters trace a set of interweaving lineages perpetuating inequalities: through labour, the body, and onto-epistemology. Art's all too frequent a-criticality, cooption, or even complicity amidst these lineages is observed, and radical care and the disruptive arttext are developed as twin aspects of an alternative, resistant framework. The book contributes to the critical understanding of inequitable, abstracting processes' growing determination of increasing parts of our world, and foregrounds art's position amidst these. It also functions as an interface, both extending the fertile current discourse around care to a contemporary art focus, and at the same time exploring how radical art practices might contribute to a politics rooted in an ethics of care. The book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, studio art, philosophy, and politics"--
The phenomenon of labour takes the character of a prism. Labour is thereby always context dependent and constituted through the actions of all protagonists involved in any labour relationship. On the basis of three case studies in colonial German East Africa - the construction of the Central Railway (1905-1916), the Otto Plantation in Kilossa (1907-1916) and the palaeontological Tendaguru Expedition (1909-1911) - labour and labour relations are analysed. The focus lies on hitherto neglected actors and groups of actors of labour in the colonial context of East Africa. These were especially German companies and their staff, white subaltern railway sub-contractors and labour recruiters, Indian skilled workers and (qualified) East African workers. Furthermore, all three sites of labour proved to have their individual logics and characteristics. But all of them were in tension between the 'global' and the 'local', coercion and voluntariness, machine and manual labour, skilled and unskilled labour, reproductive and wage labour, as well as between black and white. Michael Rösser's dissertation has been awarded with 'honorary distinction' by the European Network in Universal and Global History (ENIUGH)
The phenomenon of labour takes the character of a prism. Labour is thereby always context dependent and constituted through the actions of all protagonists involved in any labour relationship. On the basis of three case studies in colonial German East Africa – the construction of the Central Railway (1905–1916), the Otto Plantation in Kilossa (1907–1916) and the palaeontological Tendaguru Expedition (1909–1911) – labour and labour relations are analysed. The focus lies on hitherto neglected actors and groups of actors of labour in the colonial context of East Africa. These were especially German companies and their staff, white subaltern railway sub-contractors and labour recruiters, Indian skilled workers and (qualified) East African workers. Furthermore, all three sites of labour proved to have their individual logics and characteristics. But all of them were in tension between the 'global' and the 'local', coercion and voluntariness, machine and manual labour, skilled and unskilled labour, reproductive and wage labour, as well as between black and white. Michael Rösser's dissertation has been awarded with 'honorary distinction' by the European Network in Universal and Global History (ENIUGH). ; The phenomenon of labour takes the character of a prism. Labour is thereby always context dependent and constituted through the actions of all protagonists involved in any labour relationship. On the basis of three case studies in colonial German East Africa – the construction of the Central Railway (1905–1916), the Otto Plantation in Kilossa (1907–1916) and the palaeontological Tendaguru Expedition (1909–1911) – labour and labour relations are analysed. The focus lies on hitherto neglected actors and groups of actors of labour in the colonial context of East Africa. These were especially German companies and their staff, white subaltern railway sub-contractors and labour recruiters, Indian skilled workers and (qualified) East African workers. Furthermore, all three sites of labour proved to have their individual logics and characteristics. But all of them were in tension between the 'global' and the 'local', coercion and voluntariness, machine and manual labour, skilled and unskilled labour, reproductive and wage labour, as well as between black and white. Michael Rösser's dissertation has been awarded with 'honorary distinction' by the European Network in Universal and Global History (ENIUGH).
Thoroughly researchedâbrings superbly to life figures whom history should not have forgotten - Simon Heffer, Daily TelegraphA highly readable, enjoyable and informative book - Financial TimesThe incredible story of the first Labour government, and the 'wild men' who shook up the British establishment.In 1923, four short years since the end of the First World War, and after the passing of the Act which gave all men the vote, an inconclusive election result and the prospect of a constitutional crisis opened the door for a radically different sort of government: men from working-class backgrounds who had never before occupied the corridors of power at Westminster. Who were these wild men ? Ramsay MacDonald, their leader and Labour s first Prime Minster, was the illegitimate son of a Scottish farm labourer; Arthur Henderson was a Scottish iron moulder; J. H. Thomas, a Welsh railwayman; John Wheatley, an Irish-born miner and publican; and William Adamson, a Fife coal miner. Never before had men from such backgrounds occupied the corridors of power in Westminster.The Wild Men tells the story of that first Labour administration - its unexpected birth, fraught existence, and controversial downfall - through the eyes of those who found themselves in the House of Commons, running the country for the people. Blending biography and history into a compelling narrative, David Torrance reassesses the UK s first Labour government a century after it shook up a British establishment still reeling from the War - and how the establishment eventually fought back.This is an extraordinary period in British political history which echoes down the years to our current politics and laid the foundations for the Britain of today
AbstractTürkiye has a long history of hosting millions of refugees, but since the beginning of the Syrian civil war in 2011, it has emerged as the world's leading refugee‐hosting country. Due to this fact, the frequency of refugee inflows to Türkiye has attracted us to explore refugees' macroeconomic impacts as the ongoing political and social debates in Türkiye regarding refugees are immensely focused on their economic impacts. Hence, this paper investigates the effect of refugees on unemployment in Türkiye. The study utilizes the Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) Bounds Test approach from 1991 to 2021. Our results yield the pronounced positive and aggravating impact of refugees on unemployment rates in Türkiye. Türkiye's policymakers should focus on local economic policies to improve the refugees' formal integration into the labour market to resolve the negative economic effect of refugee hosting on the labour market.
Chapter 1: European Socialist Parties Trends. Where Social-democratic Parties are going after the Berlin Wall Crash -- Chapter 2: A Brief History of the Italian Democratic Party and its (declining) support -- Chapter 3: New Labour and the Italian PD -- Chapter 4: Ten Secretaries in Fifteen years: Leadership and Organizational Changes in a Party Victim of Cronos' Syndrome -- Chapter 5: Back to the future: Reflections on prospects for the European left.
Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Experience, Institutions, and the Lived Welfare State -- Introduction -- History of Experience and the Lived Welfare State -- Institutions -- The Current Volume -- Bibliography -- Published Sources -- Literature -- Part I: Encounters with Institutions -- Chapter 2: Navigating Imprisonment: Tactics and Experiences in an Eighteenth-Century Danish Prison Workhouse -- Introduction -- A Prison Between Poor Relief and Punishment -- The Structures of Prison Experience -- Petitioning the Authorities -- Escaping the Authorities -- Negotiating with the Authorities -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Archival Sources -- Copenhagen City Archives (CCA) -- The Danish National Archives (DNA) -- Published Sources -- Literature -- Chapter 3: The Experience of Prison in Finnish Female Inmates' Letters from the 1880s to the 1900s -- Introduction -- Communicating Deviancy -- Communicating Loneliness -- Communicating Improvement -- Concluding Remarks -- Bibliography -- Archival Sources -- National Archives of Finland (NAF) -- Digital Archives of Finnish Family History Association (FFHA) -- Finnish National Museum -- Published Sources -- Literature -- Chapter 4: Re-negotiating Single Motherhood Within the Helsinki Mother and Child Home in Post-War Finland -- Introduction -- The Idea of a Separate Home -- Imagined and Aspired Institution in Women's Letters -- Encounters with Built and Regulated Space -- Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Archival Sources -- Labour Archives of Finland (LAF) -- Published Sources -- Literature -- Part II: Lived Social Citizenship -- Chapter 5: The Construction of Early Social Citizenship: The Lived Institution of Poor Relief in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Finland -- Introduction -- Local Citizenship -- Beyond Locality.
Introduction: Framing environmental history today and for the future / Emily O'Gorman, Mark Carey, William San Martín, and Sandra Swart -- Ethics, justice, and environmental histories / Heather Goodall, Meera Anna Oommen, and Madhuri Mondal -- Oral and environmental history : time, place, decolonisation and the more-than human world / Katie Holmes and Aet Annist -- Sounding environments / Hedley Twidle and Aragorn Eloff -- Geographical information system, remote sensing and spatial data infrastructure / Marina Miraglia and Kairo da Silva Santos -- The tangled bank / Harriet Ritvo and Rebecca Woods -- Multispecies cultures and environmental change : the animal (agency) turn / Diogo de Carvalho Cabral and Heta Lähdesmäki -- Animal and vector-borne diseases, zoonoses, and one health / Lyle Fearnley and Melissa Salm -- The non-human in agriculture : technologies of agriculture and non-human aspects of farming / Veronika Settele and Claiton Marcio da Silva -- (Inter)national and (Trans)regional agents : the coastal sand dunes of Mozambique / Joana Gaspar de Freitas, Inês Macamo Raimundo, Ignacio García Pereda, and Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Ruwan Sampath -- Actor-networks, conservation treaties, and international environmental history: Reassembling conventions / Raf de Bont and Simone Schleper -- Hazards and disasters : locusts, earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, droughts / Katrin Kleemann and Admire Mseba -- Planetary boundaries, climate change and the Anthropocene / Ruth Morgan and Cristián Simonetti -- Extinction in environmental history : historizing problems of classification and intentionality / Dolly Jørgensen and Miles Powell -- Temporality and environmental history in the Anthropocene : timing climates, modeling futures / Emil Flatø and Erik Isberg -- Fossil fuels from extraction to emissions / Antoine Acker, Elizabeth Chatterjee, Lukas Becker, Matthew Shutzer, and Nathalia Capellini -- Global histories of environment and labour in Asia and Africa / Mattin Biglari and Olisa Godson Muojama -- Toxicity, racial capitalism and colonial mining : lessons from cyanide and gold mining in Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia) / Elijah Doro and Marco Armiero -- Local fishermen knowledge and scientific expertise in Eastern Europe and West Africa: Assessing the unseen / Stefan Dorondel, Veronica Mitroi-Tisseyre, and Youssoupha Tall -- Historical memory and technocratic failures in environmental impact assessments / Javiera Barandiarán and Ricardo Oyarzún -- Cities, food, water, and environmental history in China, the USA and India: Making bubbles / Shen Hou and David Biggs -- Urban environmental governance: Historical and political ecological perspectives from South Asia / Jenia Mukherjee and René Véron -- Pedagogy for the depressed : empowerment and hope in the face of the apocalypse / Michelle K. Berry and Emily Wakild -- Activist environmental history : on war machines and guerrilla strategies / Regina Horta Duarte, Bruna Luiza Costa Pessoa, and Lucas Erichsen -- Communicating environmental history : reaching diverse audiences through online forums / Jonatan Palmblad and Jessica M. DeWitt -- Environmental history in museums : past practice and future opportunities / Luke Keogh, Liisi Jääts, Nina Möllers, and Libby Robin -- Environmental historians, policy, and governance / Alessandro Antonello and Margaret Cook -- Future directions in environmental history / Cintia Velázquez-Marroni, Jessica Urwin, Nicolo Paolo Ludovice, Bryan Umaru Kauma, Sangay Tamang, and Jayson Maurice Porter.
This book examines the history of women s labour struggles in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond from a long-term and transregional perspective. The contributions collected here address various social movements, an array of agendas and repertoires of activism, as well as political alliances and conflicts
Abstract Daniel Laqua's Activism across Borders since 1870 is an impressive contribution to scholarly research on transnational activism. It provides a detailed and innovative study of the connections but also the divisions between individuals, groups, and organizations. Laqua's approach and analysis interrogate the connectedness, transience, ambivalence, and marginality of transnational activism. He explores the complex relationship of campaigners, campaigns, and causes that crossed national boundaries, building a rich analysis of these interactions. This contribution engages with Activism across Borders with a particular emphasis on women, workers, and women workers. This perspective offers an analysis at the intersection of women's history and labour history. Among the themes considered are: campaigns that forged partnerships and amplified voices; women's transnational activism and national borders; and the divisions and differences among activists campaigning to improve working conditions.