Suchergebnisse

This paper deals with the role of human development and technology in trade in services, the significance of trade in services, and the importance of investment in human resource development. It also outlines the requirements for promoting personnel training and the need for advanced technology. The authors begin by describing what services are, before discussing how trade in services affects economic growth and the role of technology in the services sector. Next, they mention the importance of human capital in the services sector. They assume that the actions of regulatory authorities depend on the availability of human capital, so they refer to the relationship between trade in services and regulations. They also discuss the critical importance of investment for the improvement of human capital and the promotion of human development. The authors describe the impact of technology development in the service sector, and note especially that the improvement of information and communication technology (ICT) brings down costs and raises quality. They also note the role of the private sector in investing in ICT and networks, and the role of governments in creating investment-friendly environments. Finally, they comment on public policy before providing some concluding remarks.

"Unilateral tariff liberalisation by developing nations is pervasive but our understanding of it is shallow. This paper strives to partly redress this lacuna on the theory side by introducing three novel political economy mechanisms with particular emphasis is on the role of production unbundling. One mechanism studies how lowering frictional barriers to imported parts can destroy the correlation of interests between parts producers and their downstream customers. A second mechanism studies how Kojima's pro-trade FDI raises the political economy cost of maintaining high upstream barriers. The third works via a general equilibrium channel whereby developing country's participation in the supply chains of advanced-nation industries undermines their own competitiveness in final goods, thus making final good protection more politically costly. In essence, developing nations' pursuit of the export-processing industrialisation undermines their infant-industry industrialisation strategies"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Exploring the new frontier for spectrum policy, this book identifies the successes and failures of the main policy initiatives of the past decade. It explains, in layman's terms, the technical and policy background needed to understand these debates. For those already working in the field, it provides a lively analysis of recent policy initiatives along with an authoritative interpretation of the latest developments in spectrum policy. It examines individual liberalisation initiatives in detail and explains the logic behind moves towards spectrum sharing, which is seen as the next policy phase. It will help non-specialists climb the formidable learning curve quickly. It is ideal for those who have just become involved in the spectrum field, whether in industry, government, or as a regulator, as well as those with expertise in one area of spectrum management who want to learn more about the other areas. --