Suchergebnisse

The state is obliged to strive for the realization of justice for traditional fishing communities. Traditional communities are fishing communities whose traditional rights are still recognized in carrying out fishing activities or other legal activities in certain areas located in archipelagic waters following the international law of the sea. Coastal space areas and small islands that indigenous/traditional communities have managed from the obligation to have location permits and management take national interests and laws and regulations into account. Article 26 A of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2014 makes it easy for outsiders to control small islands that regulate the use of small islands and surrounding coasts through investment forms based on a ministerial permit that must prioritize the national interest. Positive law must protect traditional fishing communities and indigenous peoples. This research aims to analyze the regulation of fishermen's protection from deprivation of their rights in earning a living and livelihood. The research method used is normative research, meaning the implementation of legal provisions in the form of legislation in activities for certain legal events in the community, especially the fishing community. Normative research refers to and examines laws and regulations related to the research being conducted. The research locations cover coastal areas throughout Indonesia, especially Banda Aceh, Padang, Jakarta, Semarang, Surabaya, Manado, Kupang, Ternate, and Mataram. The state can provide knowledge, guidance, and protection for fishermen from various actions of deprivation of their rights to earn a living and protection such as piracy, the practice of fishing theft, abuse of trawling, transshipment activities, threats, and violence by foreign parties to Indonesian fishers. The central government and local governments are obliged to provide facilities for guaranteeing fishing areas or fishing coverage areas that are safe and do not overlap with other fields. ; Negara berkewajiban mengupayakan terwujudnya keadilan bagi masyarakat nelayan tradisional. Masyarakat tradisional adalah masyarakat perikanan yang masih diakui hak tradisionalnya dalam melakukan kegiatan penangkapan ikan atau kegiatan lainnya yang sah di wilayah tertentu yang berada di perairan kepulauan mengikuti hukum laut internasional. Wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil yang dikelola masyarakat adat/tradisional dari kewajiban izin lokasi dan pengelolaannya memperhatikan kepentingan nasional dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pasal 26 A Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 memberikan kemudahan bagi pihak luar untuk menguasai pulau-pulau kecil yang mengatur pemanfaatan pulau-pulau kecil dan pesisir sekitarnya melalui bentuk penanaman modal berdasarkan izin menteri yang harus mengutamakan kepentingan nasional. Hukum positif harus melindungi masyarakat nelayan tradisional dan masyarakat adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peraturan perlindungan nelayan dari perampasan haknya dalam mencari nafkah dan penghidupan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif, artinya penerapan ketentuan hukum berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dalam kegiatan untuk peristiwa hukum tertentu dalam masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat nelayan. Penelitian normatif mengacu pada dan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang terkait dengan penelitian yang dilakukan. Lokasi penelitian meliputi wilayah pesisir di seluruh Indonesia, khususnya Banda Aceh, Padang, Jakarta, Semarang, Surabaya, Manado, Kupang, Ternate, dan Mataram. Negara dapat memberikan pengetahuan, pembinaan, dan perlindungan bagi nelayan dari berbagai tindakan perampasan hak untuk mencari nafkah dan perlindungan seperti perompakan, praktik pencurian ikan, penyalahgunaan trawl, kegiatan transshipment, pengancaman, dan kekerasan oleh pihak asing kepada nelayan Indonesia. Pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah wajib menyediakan fasilitas untuk menjamin wilayah penangkapan ikan atau wilayah jangkauan penangkapan ikan yang aman dan tidak tumpang tindih dengan bidang lain.

Indonesia's marine territory has become a big challenge for the Government of Indonesia to manage it. Nowadays, Indonesian marine has lot of regulation in the sea. But it's cannot prevent the basic interest of all people that earnings life from there. A lot of migrant has been smuggled in and by Indonesian's marine territory. The main concerns that arouse are: how should government give an equation for Indonesian migrant workers that are smuggled and how should the government put migrant workers protection to supply the equation for them. These questions will solve by a normative juridical study on the protection of natural resources and the resources of Indonesian fisherman. The study uses normative legal research which elaborated with conceptual approach from numbers of regulations that apply in marine labor law and employment law. This research is also complemented by a literature approach in the form of Indonesian legal literature and marine journals to address the issues raised in this paper. The findings in practice prove that the government should give more attention for the fisherman's welfare and protection related to fish catching. The objective protection for Indonesian marine resources is from regulated all the regulation to develop Indonesia economic from Maritime sector. It is all needed to make a new system in legal protection for Fisherman and Marine Resources in Indonesia.

An attempt to utilize marine areas based on Law no. 32 in 2004, it concerns about the Regional Government which contains the regional authority to manage their marine areas. Such authority is as stated in Article 18 paragraph (1), "they are; exploration, exploitation, conservation and marine management". In order for regional autonomy to have a positive impact on the management of coastal/marine areas, it requires a commitment from the local government and the community in managing the marine sector in their jurisdiction to gain added value or a strategic role on an ongoing basis. Law No. 32 in 2004 has been changed to Law no. 23 in 2014, Article 14 paragraph (6). ; Upaya pemanfaatan wilayah laut berdasarkan UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintah Daerah yang memuat kewenangan daerah untuk mengelola wilayah lautnya. Kewenangan tersebut sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 18 ayat (1), "mereka adalah; eksplorasi, eksploitasi, konservasi dan pengelolaan kelautan". Agar otonomi daerah berdampak positif terhadap pengelolaan wilayah pesisir/laut, diperlukan komitmen dari pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat dalam mengelola sektor kelautan di wilayah hukumnya untuk memperoleh nilai tambah atau peran strategis secara berkesinambungan. . UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 diubah menjadi UU No. 23 Tahun 2014, Pasal 14 ayat (6).

The coral triangle is the epicenter of marine biodiversity in the world which located in the eastern part of Southeast Asia and the western part of the Pacific Ocean. Despite the benefit of this area, the coral triangle also faces unsustainable fishing practices called Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU). This paper is aiming to provide the benefit of the coral triangle, and the efforts to overcome the problem that occurs in this area. To analyze this paper, the authors applied a descriptive approach, and most of the data obtained through literature review. And the result shows that the coral triangle is very beneficial to the countries in this area. Furthermore, to protect these precious natural resources from IUU, the government in this area decided to work together to overcome through the establishment of a multilateral partnership The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security (CTI) ; The coral triangle is the epicenter of marine biodiversity in the world which located in the eastern part of Southeast Asia and the western part of the Pacific Ocean. Despite the benefit of this area, the coral triangle also faces unsustainable fishing practices called Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU). This paper is aiming to provide the benefit of the coral triangle, and the efforts to overcome the problem that occurs in this area. To analyze this paper, the authors applied a descriptive approach, and most of the data obtained through literature review. And the result shows that the coral triangle is very beneficial to the countries in this area. Furthermore, to protect these precious natural resources from IUU, the government in this area decided to work together to overcome through the establishment of a multilateral partnership The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries, and Food Security (CTI)

Coastal as an open-access resource has the potential to cause conflict with spatial use. This research aims to analyze the conflict in the utilization of coastal resources among fishermen and unconventional tin miners. This research used a survey research method with qualitative descriptive research, including income analysis, employment opportunities, education, and health. Respondents in this research were fishermen and unconventional tin miners in Bangka Tengah district, including Batu Belubang village - Pangkalan Baru sub-district, Kurau village - Koba sub-district, and Baskara Bhakti village - Namang sub-district. Data collection using methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. Conflicts are analyzed through a stakeholder analysis approach with an onion analysis approach. The results showed that there were four main issues triggering conflict: 1) environmental issues; 2) social issues; 3) law violation issues; 4) economic issues. Conflict resolution that is collaborative with a negotiation approach that combines elements of the user community (fishing groups and unconventional miners) and the government known as Co-Management which avoids the excessive dominant role of one party in the management of coastal and marine resources, including equitable division of territory between fishing and mining areas, with reference to coastal and marine spatial regulations in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia. ; Pesisir sebagai sumberdaya open-access berpotensi menimbulkan konflik pemanfaatan ruang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konflik pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir antara nelayan dengan penambang timah inkonvensional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survei dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, meliputi análisis pendapatan, kesempatan kerja, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah nelayan dan penambang timah inkonvensional di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah, meliputi Desa Batu Belubang Kecamatan Pangkalan Baru, Desa Kurau Kecamatan Koba dan Desa Baskara Bhakti Kecamatan Namang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Konflik dianalisis melalui pendekatan analisis stakeholder dengan pendekatan analisis bawang bombay. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat isu utama pemicu timbulnya konflik: 1) isu lingkungan; 2) isu sosial; 3) isu pelanggaran hukum; dan 4) isu ekonomi. Resolusi konflik yakni kolaboratif dengan pendekatan negosiasi yang memadukan antara unsur masyarakat pengguna (kelompok nelayan dan penambang inkonvensional) dan pemerintah yang dikenal dengan Co-management yang menghindari peran dominan yang berlebihan dari satu pihak dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut, diantaranya pembagian wilayah secara adil antara area penangkapan ikan dan tambang, dengan mengacu pada peraturan tata ruang pesisir dan laut di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Indonesia.

This study considers the political aspects of the Joko Widodo government's megaproject to build an integrated marine logistic system known as the tol laut. Expanding the existing literature which gives details about the contextual obstacles faced by and the prospects for the Indonesian government to pursue its infrastructure ambitions, the study argues that notwithstanding the relevance of the tol laut for advancing the Indonesian economy, it is inevitably entangled with dynamic internal and external environments which can unfavourably distort the construction processes. This is the way of understanding the political economy of Indonesia's development issues which allows for the juxtaposition of domestic political and international relations factors as its framework of analysis. The discussion is divided into four sections. Section one explains the conceptual and methodological foundation of the study. Section two outlines the importance of the tol laut to Indonesian national economic development. Section three looks at how the current domestic political settings pose structural hurdles to Widodo's tol laut, and section four observes the effect of international relations of powerful regional actors and Jakarta's diplomatic capacity to the on-going tol laut. The concluding section summarizes the findings of the study.

Aceh has a lot of local wisdom in managing coastal dan marine resources.This research is aimed to (1) investigate form of local wisdom and tradition in Mukim Mane in managing coastal resources, (2) analyzing organization and policy who supervise the management of coastal resources through local wisdom and (3) analyzing strategy to strengthen society's local wisdom in managing coastal resources.This research was held in Mukim Mane Muara Batu District North Aceh. The method used is survey method with qualitative approach. The informants are Imum Mukim, Panglima Laot Lhok, fisherman, and local society. The result showed that the forms of coastal resources management are (1) the existance of prohibition day to sail, (2) taking care of other fisherman while sailing, (3) regulation to not cut down the mangroove forest (4) keeping the coral reefs (5) keeping the cleanliness of estuary and beach. The organization and policy who supervise the running of local wisdom in Mukim Mane are Panglima Laot and Aceh Qanuns. Strategies that can be done to strengthen local wisdom are by (1) incresing the role sinergy among government, college, panglima laot, and society and (2) developing the coastal society through cooperation, social unity, media, work relation pattern, and awareness about the importance of environment.

North Gorontalo Regency has a marine fisheries & aquaculture potential economic value. In response it, the government makes Minapolitan regional development policy. It is intended to enlarge the production of fisheries and aquaculture. However, the goal has not reached the target yet, because the implementation of policies have not been optimal. The purpose of this research is to measure and analyze the influence of regional development policy implementation Minapolitan toward the fisheries and aquaculture production. The method used in this research is explanatory survey by using the quantitative approach. The population is the policy implementer that consists of 221 persons. The technique of choosing sample uses estimation rule of thumb, so the total sample is 70 persons. Then statistical testing uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model. The testing result shows that the implementation of regional development policy Minapolitan effects on the effectiveness of fishery production significantly, in which the dimension of the program implementers are able to reflect the variable implementation of development policy while the weak dimension is community leaders. The finding indicates that the implementation of the policy requires a dialogical approach, which is an approach that integrates both the interest of government and the public one.

Fiscal decentralization is one of the government's strategies to improve people's welfare. The fiscal decentralization policy instrument that can directly affect the quality of local government spending is The Specific Allocation Fund (DAK). The DAK management in the financial aspect has a few problems, nonoptimal regional government performance and mismatched allocation and government needs. Proposal based The Specific Allocation Fund (DAK) hopefully could adjust the development priorities determined by regional conditions, government needs, and undeveloped villages with high-level poverty. Pandeglang and Lebak Regency are the region with the highest poverty level in Banten Province. This study aims to analyze the DAK effect of each sector on poverty in Pandeglang and Lebak Regency. The analysis used Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR) with DAK data for each field in 2018 and poverty data in 2019. The result showed that DAK variables in education, health, and agriculture tended not to reduce poverty rates. The DAK variable in the housing and settlement sector, the marine and fisheries sector, the tourism sector, and the market sector tended to reduce poverty. At the same time, the DAK variable in Road, sanitation, and village funds tended to reduce poverty levels in most districts. Based on the study, the poverty alleviation program in each district is adjusted to each of the DAK sectors that are influential. However, the result indicated that the adjustment of DAK sectors influenced the poverty alleviation program in every district in Pandeglang and Lebak Regency.

The ecological damage to the coast of Bangka has forced the community to carry out environmental conservation movements to improve their marine ecology. The environmental movement carried out by the HKm Gempa 01 Group in Kurau Barat Village is an ecocentrism activity that is the antithesis of anthropocentrism behavior that has damaged the environment in the Bangka Belitung Islands. On that basis, this research was conducted to analyze and know the Ecocentrism-based Mangrove Tourism Movement Strategy. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques using observation, interviews with purposive sampling techniques, and documents, while the analysis technique uses data triangulation. The results showed that the HKm Gempa 01 Group mobilized three stakeholders, namely the government, the community, and tourists, to manage the Mangrove area based on ecocentrism behavior. The success of the management of the area forms a movement strategy that can pressure three stakeholders to transform anthropocentrism behavior towards ecocentrism behavior in the management of the Munjang Kurau Mangrove area. ; Kerusakan ekologi pantai Bangka memaksa masyarakat untuk melakukan gerakan pelestarian lingkungan untuk memperbaiki ekologi lautnya. Gerakan lingkungan yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok HKm Gempa 01 di Desa Kurau Barat merupakan kegiatan ekosentrisme yang merupakan antitesis dari perilaku antroposentrisme yang telah merusak lingkungan di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Atas dasar itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui Strategi Gerakan Wisata Mangrove Berbasis Ekosentrisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dengan teknik purposive sampling, dan dokumen, sedangkan teknik analisis menggunakan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Grup HKm Gempa 01 mengerahkan tiga pemangku kepentingan, yaitu pemerintah, masyarakat, dan wisatawan, untuk mengelola kawasan Mangrove berdasarkan perilaku ekosentrisme. Keberhasilan pengelolaan kawasan membentuk strategi gerakan yang dapat menekan tiga pemangku kepentingan untuk mengubah perilaku antroposentrisme menuju perilaku ekosentrisme dalam pengelolaan kawasan Mangrove Munjang Kurau.

Many fishermen in Indonesia have not fully utilized marine resources properly. However, the government has several ways to improve the welfare of fishermen in other sectors than the fisheries; one of them is connecting between fishermen, coastal and tourism. Meninting of West Lombok is a strategic coastal village for the tourism sector. This village has started to develop tourist destinations since 2011, unfortunately, there is no data on fishermen as a real interest group. This study develops a research pattern on fishing communities which generally discusses the social resources of fishermen and the political aspects of fishing communities separately. This study used a qualitative approach to the social mapping method. Data obtained through interviews and observations of purposively selected informants. The data related to fishermen resources are in maps, followed by an analysis of their accessibility to policy. Spatial aspects strengthen their social resources, interests, and accessibilities to coastal tourism development. The results show that the social resources of fishermen of Meninting Village are unevenly distributed in five dusun (sub-villages). Indicators shown are; capital ownership, mastery of knowledge and skills, ownership of production equipment, use of science and technology, ability to diversify production, fishermen's sociopolitical relations and ability to recognize the economic prospects of coastal tourism. Fishermen who live in areas directly facing the sea have better social resources and firmer interests in coastal development. The accessibility of fishing groups is limited in the development policy. Only fishermen in sub-village located in a coastal area can show themselves as defenders. While the fishermen who live far from the beach tend to be latent or even apathetic. This study recommends the need for other social mapping studies on the characteristics of coastal communities and the need for the government to use the social mapping information of fishing communities to formulate policies that contain regional aspects in coastal tourism development. ; Nelayan belum menikmati dengan baik kesejahteraan dari sumber daya laut Indonesia. Cara-cara meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan di luar sektor perikanan sudah dimiliki oleh pemerintah. Salah satunya mengaitkan nelayan, pesisir dan wisata. Meninting di Lombok Barat adalah desa pesisir yang strategis di sektor pariwisata. Desa ini sudah mulai melakukan pengembangan destinasi wisata sejak tahun 2011, namun sayangnya tidak ada data mengenai nelayan sebagai kelompok kepentingan yang riil. Penelitian ini mengembangkan pola penelitian-penelitian tentang masyarakat nelayan pada umumnya yang membahas secara terpisah antara sumberdaya sosial nelayan dan aspek politik masyarakat nelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pemetaan sosial. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap informan yang dipilih secara purposif. Data terkait dengan sumber daya nelayan disajikan dalam bentuk peta, diikuti dengan analisis mengenai aksesibilitas mereka terhadap kebijakan. Aspek spasial memperkuat sumberdaya sosial yang dimiliki nelayan, kepentingan dan aksesibilitas mereka terhadap pembangunan wisata pesisir. Penelitian menunjukkan sumber daya sosial nelayan di Desa Meninting tersebar tidak merata pada lima dusun. Indikator yang ditunjukkan adalah; kepemilikan modal, penguasaan pengetahuan dan keterampilan, kepemilikan alat produksi, penggunaan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, kemampuan diversifikasi hasil produksi, hubungan sosial-politik nelayan dan kemampuan untuk mengenali prospek ekonomi wisata pesisir. Nelayan yang tinggal di wilayah yang langsung berhadapan dengan laut memiliki sumberdaya sosial yang lebih baik dan kepentingan yang lebih tegas terhadap pembangunan pesisir. Aksesibilitas kelompok nelayan terbatas dalam kebijakan pembangunan tersebut. Hanya nelayan-nelayan di dusun pesisir yang mampu menunjukkan diri sebagai defenders. Sementara nelayan-nelayan yang tinggal berjauhan dari pantai cenderung latents atau bahkan apathetic. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya kajian sosio-spasial lainnya mengenai karakteristik masyarakat pesisir dan perlunya pemerintah memanfaatkan informasi sosio-spasial masyarakat nelayan untuk merumuskan kebijakan-kebijakan yang memuat aspek kewilayahan dalam pembangunan wisata pesisir.