Suchergebnisse

Introduction: Hungarian medieval economic history : sources, research and methodology / Jozsef Laszlovszky, Balazs Nagy, Peter Szabo and Andras Vadas -- Structure -- Long-term environmental changes in medieval Hungary : changes in settlement areas and their potential drivers / Laszlo Ferenczi, Jozsef Laszlovszky, Zsolt Pinke, Peter Szabo and Andras Vadas -- Demographic issues in late medieval Hungary : population, ethnic groups, economic activity / Andras Kubinyi and Jozsef Laszlovszky -- Mobility, roads and bridges in medieval Hungary / Magdolna Szilagyi -- Human-nature interaction in production -- Agriculture in medieval Hungary / Jozsef Laszlovszky -- Animal exploitation in medieval Hungary / Laszlo Bartosiewicz, Anna Zsofia Biller, Peter Csippan, Laszlo Daroczi-Szabo, Marta Daroczi-Szabo, Erika Gal, Istvan Kovats, Kyra Lyublyanovics and Eva Agnes Nyerges -- Mining in medieval Hungary / Zoltan Batizi -- Salt mining and trade in Hungary before the Mongol invasion / Beatrix F. Romhanyi -- Salt mining and the salt trade in medieval Hungary from the mid-thirteenth century until the end of the middle ages / Istvan Draskoczy -- The extent and management of woodland in medieval Hungary / Peter Szabo -- Water management in medieval Hungary / Laszlo Ferenczi -- Money, incomes and management -- Royal revenues in the Arpadian age / Boglarka Weisz -- Seigneurial dues and taxation principles in late medieval Hungary / Arpad Nogrady -- Minting, financial administration and coin circulation in Hungary in the arpadian and Angevin periods (1000-1387) / Csaba Toth -- Coinage and financial administration in late medieval Hungary (1387-1526) / Marton Gyongyossy -- Spheres of production -- The ecclesiastic economy in medieval Hungary / Beatrix F. Romhanyi -- The urban economy in medieval Hungary / Katalin Szende -- The medieval market town and its economy / Istvan Petrovics -- Crafts in medieval Hungary / Laszlo Szende -- The economy of castle estates in the late medieval kingdom of Hungary / Istvan Kenyeres -- Trade relations -- Domestic trade in the arpadian age / Boglarka Weisz -- Professional merchants and the institutions of trade : domestic trade in late medieval Hungary / Andras Kubinyi -- Import objects as sources of the economic history of medieval Hungary / Istvan Feld -- Foreign trade of medieval Hungary / Balazs Nagy -- Foreign business interests in Hungary in the middle ages / Krisztina Arany -- Appendix -- List of references -- Index of geographic names -- Index of personal names

This volume aims to define the changing nature of lordship in Viking and early medieval Scandinavia. Advances in settlement archaeology and cultural geography have revealed new aspects of social power in Viking Age and early medieval Scandinavia. New sources and approaches allow us to question the traditional view that Scandinavian aristocrats developed from Viking raiders into Christian landlords. Seventeen thematic chapters by leading scholars survey and assess the state of research and provide a new baseline for interdisciplinary discussions. How were social ties structured? How did lordship and dependency materialize in modes of agriculture, settlement, landscape, and monuments? The book traces the power of tributary relations, forged through personal ties, gifts, duties, and feasting in great halls, and their gradual transformation into the feudal bonds of levies and land-rent

Europe at the millennium -- Agriculture and rural life -- Trade 1000-1350 -- Cities, guilds, and political economy -- Economic and social thought -- The great hunger and the big death -- The calamitous fourteenth century -- Technology and consumerism -- War and social unrest -- Fifteenth century portraits

The dominance of exclusive commons: An exploration and re-evaluation -- The campine: An overview -- Inclusive commons -- Successful commons: What's in a name? -- The road to success

"The majority of studies on the agricultural history of Japan have focused on the public administration of land and production, and rice, the principal source of revenue, has received the most attention. However, while this cereal has clearly played a decisive role in the public economy of the Japanese State, it has not had a predominant place in agricultural production. Far from confining its scope to a study of rice growing for tax purposes, this volume looks at the subsistence economy in the plant kingdom as a whole. This book examines the history of agriculture in Japan from the 8th to the 17th century, dealing with the history of agricultural techniques and food supply. It analyses each of the farming operations from sowing to harvesting, and the customs pertaining to consumption. It also challenges the widespread theory that rice cultivation has been the basis of 'Japaneseness' for two millennia and the foundation of Japanese civilization by focusing on the biodiversity and polycultural traditions of Japan. Further, it will play a role in the current dialogue on the future of agricultural production from the viewpoints of ecology, biodiversity, dietary culture and food security throughout the world as traditional techniques such a crop rotation are explored in connection with the safeguarding of the minerals in the soil. Surveying agricultural techniques across the centuries and highlighting the dietary diversity of Japan, this book will appeal to students and scholars of Japanese history, the history of science and technology, medieval history, cultural anthropology and agriculture"--

This volume investigates the use of mortgages in the European countryside between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries. A mortgage allowed a loan to be secured with land or other property, and the practice has been linked to the transformation of the agrarian economy that paved the way for modern economic growth. Historians have viewed the mortgage both positively and negatively: on the one hand, it provided borrowers with opportunities for investment in agriculture; but equally, it exposed them to the risk of losing their mortgaged property. The case studies presented in this volume reveal the variety of forms that the mortgage took, and show how an intricate balance was struck between the interests of the borrower looking for funds, and those of the lender looking for security. It is argued that the character of mortgage law, and the nature of rights in land in operation in any given the place and period, determined the degree to which mortgages were employed. Over time, developments in these factors allowed increasing numbers of peasants to use mortgages more freely, and with a decreasing risk of expropriation. This volume will be appealing to academics and researchers interested in financial history, credit and debt