Suchergebnisse

The present article aims to sketch a parallel between two works of political philosophy: the unfinished pamphlet "From the Kingdom or Government of the Princes to the King of Cyprus" by St. Thomas Aquinas, and the well-known "The Prince" by Niccolo Machiavelli. The collation of texts allows direct approximations between two distant philosophical moments through the similar theme, through the philosophical treatment of the classical tradition, and through the subtlety of the argument that relates the common good to the private, in the political relations. The analysis is divided into two thematic parts: the definition of ruler, and the characteristics of his craft. In Thomas, the influence of Aristotelian politics is articulated with the way in which the private purpose of the ruler is established in a hierarchy of ends that justifies the government and is directed to the common good. In Machiavelli there is a different reception of ancient thought, connected with Roman rhetoric, and a hierarchy of ends, which is directed, similarly to the Tomasian, for the common good, but with a different treatment as to how public good relates to the private good of both the ruler and the people subjected to him. From this comparison we conclude that there is a need to establish the complexity of political philosophy in the passage from the middle ages to the renaissance that removes the idea of ​​a total rupture and allows us to understand how the modern age keep medieval elements and develops them much more than abandon them.

The transition of the worker (European) from the Middle Ages to the Modern forced the bourgeois means of production to create ways of positivizing the culture of labour. Beyond the ideologies and misery, themselves, as promoters of the work culture, what we intend in this article is to highlight the role of social security as instruments of subjectivation and normalization, originally disciplinary; using a Foucauldian reading of the theme. We will start from how disciplinary techniques have adjusted workers' bodies to work and have fixed them with the help of pension funds, until we come to the current understanding of social security reforms and counter-reforms as a result of what has today been recognized as a necropolitics. Currently, no longer only of European workers (but global), seen as something that in the name of a biopolitics has become this ultra-defence of life. A defence that, on the edge, would justify even the death of a large part of the population. Therefore, we have the passage from biopolitics to necropolitics. And in the same order, we have the passage of a social security system which is no longer made for the aid or the fixation of the worker, but for the management of the use and disposal (death itself) of this same subject in the labour market.

Las sociedades hispánicas medievales compartieron un amplio y variado caudal de principios y valores comunes en el terreno político, social, cultural y espiritual. Aunque existían elementos propios y exclusivos de cada reino, hubo una sólida base común que permitía una rápida adaptación de los personajes que emigraban a otros territorios vecinos. Las respectivas sociedades cortesanas fueron capaces de entenderse a partir de los rasgos culturales, artísticos, literarios y espirituales que todas tenían en común, y aprovecharon los contactos políticos, familiares e institucionales para enriquecerlos. Un estudio comparado de algunos de estos intercambios permite entender la fisonomía de lo hispánico durante la Baja Edad Media, una época caracterizada por la definición progresiva de los poderes del Estado. Los ejemplos que ofrecen los especialistas que escriben en este volumen nos ofrecen un variado panorama cultural que combina la especialidad temática con el contexto general de la época. ; Medieval Hispanic societies shared a wide and varied body of common principles and values in the political, social, cultural and spiritual fields. Although each kingdom had specific or exclusive characteristics, there was a solid common base that allowed a rapid adaptation of the people who emigrated to other neighboring territories. The respective court societies were able to understand each other thanks to the cultural, artistic, literary and spiritual traits that they all had in common, and they took advantage of political, family and institutional contacts to enrich them. A comparative study of some of these exchanges allows us to understand the physiognomy of the Hispanic during the late Middle Ages, a period characterized by the progressive definition of the powers of the State. The examples offered by the specialists who write in this volume offer us a varied cultural panorama that combines the thematic specialty with the general context of the time. ; Este libro se financia con cargo al proyecto de investigación titulado Transferencias humanas, culturales e ideológicas entre los reinos ibéricos, siglos XIII-XV (HAR2017-89398-P) del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. ; Presentación del volumen / César Olivera Serrano (pp. 11-13). -- La singular proyección de los obispos de origen portugués en la Castilla de Alfonso XI / Ana Arranz Guzmán (pp. 15-45). -- Entre la integración y el vínculo con los orígenes: los nobles franceses y lusos afincados en Castilla (1369-1414) / Isabel Beceiro Pita (pp. 47-63). -- Influencias "foráneas" en la reforma monástica en Castilla durante la Baja Edad Media / Margarita Cantera Montenegro (pp. 65-87). -- Patronazgo artístico regio en femenino: la Virgen de Tobed y el protagonismo legitimador de Doña Juana Manuel de Villena para la dinastía Trastámara / David Chao Castro (pp. 89-118). -- Intensificación de las relaciones entre las coronas de Castilla y Aragón bajo la dinastía Trastámara a la luz de la trayectoria de Diego Gómez de Sandoval / Máximo Diago Hernando (pp. 119-163). -- Pedro Afonso de Barcelos observador e viajante em Castela e Aragão: perspetivas cruzadas / Isabel Barros Dias (pp. 165-207). -- Bajo el amparo del Monasterio: los burócratas bienhechores de San Benito el Real de Valladolid durante el siglo XV / César Olivera Serrano (pp. 209-259). -- Censura y autocensura en la temprana imprenta hispánica: el linaje Villandrando, condes de Ribadeo, y los Claros Varones de Castilla, de Fernando de Pulgar / Óscar Perea Rodríguez (pp. 261-320).