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There is a rise in the use of global and cross-organizational teams in engineering projects, consequently issues such as team coherence and commitment have gained growing attention in engineering literature and practice (Davies & Hobday, 2005). Creating effective cooperation in project teams which consist of individuals from various countries, organizations and with various expertises is difficult. Apparently, merely placing people together does not create an effective team (Salas, Burke & Cannon-Bowers, 2000; Ruiz Ulloa & Adams, 2004) as both organizations and the individuals working in these organizations have their own subset of goals, norms, jargon, modus of operandi and culture. Research in social and organizational psychology and management shows that identification with the own team or organization can strongly influence the cooperation processes between teams, through in-group versus out-group feelings (De Drue & van Vianen, 2001; Williams, 2001; Chatman et al., 1998). However, there is still little insight in how organization identity changes within international and cross-organizational military engineering teams. For the purpose of gaining more insight in this issue, we undertook a longitudinal exploratory case study of individuals who were part of a cross-organizational military engineering projects which was deployed to Mazar-e Sjarif (MeS) in Afghanistan. The case study showed a change in the strength of various identities of these individuals during the project. Additionally a workshop was organized to explore possible factors which affect changes in identity strength. After analyzing the results of this workshop six variables were indicated, these are: having negative feelings, knowledge of one another, working towards the same goal, duration of a mission, being 'stuck' in the same situation and whether or not one feels a personal connection with the people in the group.

At head of title: General orders no. 58. Office of the U.S. military governor in the Philippine islands. Manila, P.I., April 23, 1900. ; Cover-title. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Military simulation and command and control federations have become large, complex distributed systems that integrate with a variety of legacy and current simulations, and real command and control systems locally as well as globally. As these systems continue to become increasingly more complex so does the data that initializes them. This increased complexity has introduced a major problem in data initialization coordination which has been handled by many organizations in various ways. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) solutions have been introduced to promote easier data interoperability through the use of standards-based reusable services and common infrastructure. However, current SOA-based solutions do not incorporate formal governance techniques to drive the architecture in providing reliable, consistent, and timely information exchange. This dissertation identifies the need to establish governance for common data initialization service development oversight, presents current research and applicable solutions that address some aspects of SOA-based federation data service governance, and proposes a governance reference model for development of SOA-based common data initialization services in military simulation and command and control federations. ; 2010-08-01 ; Ph.D. ; Engineering and Computer Science, Other ; Masters ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

The study aimed to explore representation of civil and military leadership of Pakistan in the two mainstream newspapers of the UK i.e. the Guardian and the Telegraph through the lenses of qualitative textual analysis. It analyzed 25 leading articles and byline stories as the sample was selected through purposive sampling technique. The study was theoretically linked Shoemaker and Rees's theory of influences on media contents and propaganda model of Herman and Chomsky. Overall mix representation of political leadership was explored with binary frames of popular charismatic leaders, puppets of military establishment, assertive, symbol of corruption and bad governance, champion of human rights, orthodox and fundamentalist, pro west, pro militant and ally of the US etc. The selected newspapers painted positive image of Farooq Ahmad Khan Laghari then President of Pakistan and Salman Tasser, governor of the province Punjab and paid tribute to him for raising his voice against the blasphemy law. While on the other hand the military leadership was framed with negative attributes as anti-democrat, disobedient to civilian leadership and as state within the state. Among the military leadership, three- fourth coverage of General Ishfaq Pervez Kiyani was found neutral to military leadership. While the Chief of Army Staff, General Raheel Sharif was portrayed in favorable manners. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2017.32.787808 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

In order to determine the impact of the epigenetic response to traumatic stress on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this study examined longitudinal changes of genome-wide blood DNA methylation profiles in relation to the development of PTSD symptoms in two prospective military cohorts (one discovery and one replication data set). In the first cohort consisting of male Dutch military servicemen (n=93), the emergence of PTSD symptoms over a deployment period to a combat zone was significantly associated with alterations in DNA methylation levels at 17 genomic positions and 12 genomic regions. Evidence for mediation of the relation between combat trauma and PTSD symptoms by longitudinal changes in DNA methylation was observed at several positions and regions. Bioinformatic analyses of the reported associations identified significant enrichment in several pathways relevant for symptoms of PTSD. Targeted analyses of the significant findings from the discovery sample in an independent prospective cohort of male US marines (n=98) replicated the observed relation between decreases in DNA methylation levels and PTSD symptoms at genomic regions in ZFP57, RNF39 and HIST1H2APS2. Together, our study pinpoints three novel genomic regions where longitudinal decreases in DNA methylation across the period of exposure to combat trauma marks susceptibility for PTSD.

Many Vietnam War veterans who experienced military trauma still exhibit PTSD symptomatology. Little is known about how new stressful situations, like the COVID-19 pandemic, affect previously traumatized people or whether they will react differently to them. We explore whether military combat experiences in Vietnam affect veterans' perceived abilities to cope with COVID-19 and whether current PTSD symptoms and later-adulthood reengagement with trauma memories are related to coping. We examine the extent that current PTSD symptoms and trauma reengagement relate to preventive practices. Participants were part of a randomly sampled cohort of American Legionnaires who responded to two previous surveys (1984, 1998), were born 1945-1953 and deployed to Vietnam 1963-1973, thus representing an aging veteran population. A survey supplement assessed coping with the pandemic and adherence to public health guidelines. The response rate was 74% (N = 507); 422 (61.6%) completed the COVID-19 supplement. Military experiences were found to affect coping with 41.4% reporting they affected ability to cope with COVID-19. Medium- and high-combat veterans were more likely to report that military experience affected coping than low-combat (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.51–3.96; 2.6, 95% CI 1.41–4.61, respectively). Those with high PTSD scores had 7.7-fold (95% CI 4.3–13.17) increased likelihood of reporting that their coping was affected, compared to low-PTSD scorers. Few adopted social distancing (4%), staying at home (17%), or ceasing usual activities (32%); high-combat veterans were least likely to stay home. Veterans who practiced handwashing, sanitizer use, mask-wearing, and surface disinfection had significantly higher PTSD scores than those who did not. Veterans with higher scores on the LOSS-SF scale associated more reengagement with trauma memories and were more likely to engage in personal preventive strategies. Analysis of open-ended responses supported these findings. We conclude that fifty years after returning from Vietnam, PTSD ...

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An expert witness in legal cases involving rules of engagement and the US military murder of prisoners, Prof. Mestrovic exposes profound contradictions and systemic flaws that confuse criminal brutality and heroism, making victims of soldiers like Sergeant Michael Leahy who won a purple heart but also was sentenced to life imprisonment in 2009.