Suchergebnisse

Less than desirable indigenous birth rates in Western Europe have generated interest toward examining the question of natalism — an organised state initiative to manage and promote reproduction, child rearing, health, as well as related neo-traditional cultural values — from a comparative perspective. This paper reviews the history of natalism in the USSR and contemporary Russia within the greater framework of modernity, by focusing on sweeping questions of ideology and geopolitics as well as current historic models. Economic stability is not an unimportant factor, yet it is authentic traditional culture that is of equal, if not greater, importance, even if expressed through state policies.

The human population's annual total consumption is not sustainable by one planet. This unprecedented situation calls for a reformation in religious cultures that promote a large ideal family size. Many observers assume that Christianity is inevitably part of this problem because it promotes "family values" and statistically, in America and elsewhere, has a higher birthrate than nonreligious people. This book explores diverse ideas about human reproduction in the church past and present. It investigates an extreme fringe of U.S. Protestantism, including the Quiverfull movement, that use Old Testament "fruitful" verses to support natalist ideas explicitly promoting higher fecundity. It also challenges the claim by some natalists that Martin Luther in the 16th century advocated similar ideas. This book argues that natalism is inappropriate as a Christian application of Scripture, especially since rich populations' total footprints are detrimental to biodiversity and to human welfare. It explores the ancient cultural context of the Bible verses quoted by natalists. Challenging the assumption that religion normally promotes fecundity, the book finds surprising exceptions among early Christians (with a special focus on Saint Augustine) since they advocated spiritual fecundity in preference to biological fecundity. Finally the book uses a hermeneutic lens derived from Genesis 1, and prioritising the modern problem of biodiversity, to provide ecological interpretations of the Bible's "fruitful" verses.

The human population's annual total consumption is not sustainable by one planet. Many observers assume that Christianity is inevitably part of this problem because it promotes "family values" and statistically, in America and elsewhere, has a higher birthrate than nonreligious people. Challenging the assumption that religion normally promotes fecundity, the book finds surprising exceptions among early Christians (with a special focus on Saint Augustine) since they advocated spiritual fecundity in preference to biological fecundity. Finally the book uses a hermeneutic lens derived from Genesis 1, and prioritising the modern problem of biodiversity, to provide ecological interpretations of the Bible's "fruitful" verses.

"Dr Lougheed's book is a brave attempt at finding some justification for anti-natalism within the context of African communitarianism. His attempt will surely elicit a lot of debate from African philosophers." Dr Aribiah David Attoe, University of the Witwatersrand Anti-natalism is the provocative view that it is either always or almost always all-things-considered wrong to procreate. Philanthropic anti-natalist arguments say that procreation is always impermissible because of the harm done to individuals who are brought into existence. Misanthropic arguments, on the other hand, hold that procreation is usually impermissible given the harm that individuals will do once brought into existence. The main purpose of this short monograph is to demonstrate that David Benatars misanthropic argument for anti-natalism ought to be endorsed by any version of African Communitarianism. Not only that, but there are also resources in the African philosophical tradition that offer unique support for the argument. Given the emphasis that indigenous African worldviews place on the importance of procreation and the immediate family unit this result is highly surprising. This book marks the first attempt to bring anti-natalism into conversation with contemporary African ethics. Kirk Lougheed is Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Center for Faith and Human Flourishing at LCC International University. He is also a Research Associate at the University of Pretoria.

This paper attempts to respond to the environmental difficulties faced by overpopulation by adapting a question of Levinas's, 'is it ecologically just to be?', of which 'is it ecologically just to make more children?' is an important correlate. I suggest that both an affirmative account of life as deployed in affirmative biopolitics, as well as the pessimistic thought of death in anti-natalist philosophy are insufficient to respond to these questions. An eco-deconstructive account of life:death, however, allows us both to respond to the horror inspired in thinking one's life at the expense of so many others, human and nonhuman, while thinking the affirmation of life otherwise in inventing, each time uniquely, more just responses to overpopulation.

AbstractAfter the Second World War, the population policies of the socialist countries were not free from the dilemma of natalist/anti-natalist policies. This essay focuses on the Hungarian population policy discourses of the Kádár era and the present day, with some references to Central European specificities. The fear of the disappearance of Hungarians has been present in Hungarian intellectual discourse for several centuries, and by the twentieth century, it had become a fundamental idea that reached society as a whole. Given the growing interest (not independently of contemporary trends) in the international sociological literature not only in the transformation of biopolitics in recent decades but also in the historical antecedents of earlier periods, I believe that it may be interesting to examine the fear of national death in both a Hungarian and a Central European context.

Kolektif ulusal
travmayı tasvir eden 11 Eylül sonrası çağdaş Amerikan edebiyatı, iyileşme
anlatılarının ortaya çıktığı bir alan yaratmakla kalmadı aynı zamanda, küresel
ölçekte travmatik stres etkenlerinin de yeni bir bağlamda düşünülmesine neden
oldu. Asıl travmaya karşı henüz tanık olunmamış olan travmanın alanına geçiş
yapmak, travmatik olayla yüzleşmeyi reddeden disassosiyatif ya da tecrübeyi
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri sınırlarına hapseden istisnacı bir tepki gibi
okunabilir. Jonathan Franzen'ın 2010 yılında yazdığı Özgürlük romanındaki disassosiyatif ayrışma, travmadan kaçınmak
yerine, gerçek ve olası travmayı kişisel ve kolektif düzeylerde içerir. Franzen
romandaki olay örgüsünü ve çeşitli travmatik olayları nesiller arası travmanın
aktarılışına, kayıp, ihanet, yas, küresel nufüs yoğunluğu, küresel ısınmaya da
değinerek açıklar ve hepsine nihai çözümü sunar. Anti-natalizm: üreme karşıtı
görüş. Anakarakter Walter Berglund tarafından sunulan ve karakterlerin bazıları
tarafından örneklenen, bazıları tarafından da karşı çıkılan şekliyle üreme
karşıtı görüş, karakterlerin kişisel travmalarıyla ve küresel düzeyde
insanlığın kendi durumuyla gerçekçi bir biçimde yüzleşememesinden yola çıkarak,
kaçınılmaz bir sonuçtur. Aslında, bu görüş, Water Berglund'ın da, çoğu insanın
olduğu gibi, sezgilerine aykırıdır fakat kişisel trajik kayıpları ve uğradığı
ihanet görüşüne bir temel oluşturur ve onu meşru kılar. Bu çalışma, Franzen'ın
romanı ekseninde, anti-natalizmin (üreme karşıtı görüşün) insanlık, gezegen ve
doğa için yapıcı bir onarım süreci olarak nasıl sunulduğunu inceliyor.

Résumé Quelle est la nature des liens entre les critères de quantité et de qualité des politiques de population ? La lutte contre « les fléaux sociaux » en France entre 1900 et 1940 constitue un cas particulièrement intéressant qui met à jour la complexité des argumentaires mobilisés dans les politiques démographiques. Parmi ces fléaux, la lutte antivénérienne constitue un cas paroxystique lié aux représentations des maladies sexuellement transmissibles. Honteuses donc tues, elles souffrent d'un manque de visibilité sur la scène publique, alors que la dépopulation menace. Les questions de qualité et de quantité de population se cristallisent alors autour de la productivité du mariage. Un réseau de médecins entreprend d'éduquer la population sur les risques vénériens et leurs enjeux démographiques et familiaux. Le contenu de la propagande, notamment les films antivénériens, ne laisse aucun doute sur la place du natalisme dans l'éducation sanitaire.