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Ut med naturens egenverdi?
In: Nytt norsk tidsskrift, Band 35, Heft 2, S. 190-197
ISSN: 1504-3053
Politikkens teknologier: produksjoner av regjerlig natur
In: Acta humaniora Nr. 188
Hvor ble det av naturens egenverdi?
In: Nytt norsk tidsskrift, Band 35, Heft 1, S. 7-21
ISSN: 1504-3053
Naturkrisen – en global krise for lokal natur?
In: Nytt norsk tidsskrift, Band 40, Heft 2-3, S. 94-104
ISSN: 1504-3053
The Difference Place Makes: Regional Legislative Approaches to Territories of Traditional Nature Use in the Russian North
In: Arctic review on law and politics, Band 12, S. 108-133
ISSN: 2387-4562
Indigenous northerners' rights in the Russian Federation are legally protected at a range of levels (federal, regional, municipal), and by a diversity of types of legal acts (laws, decrees, orders, provisions). Within the complex structure of Russian federalism, the country's regional governments elaborate upon federal laws in diverse ways and at different times. This article explores regional approaches to legislating one law on Indigenous rights, that of "Territory of Traditional Nature-Use" (territoriya traditsionnogo prirodopol'zovaniya) (TTP), identified by Indigenous leaders as the most important legal-territorial designation for protecting Indigenous livelihoods and cultures. While it is well known that legal strategies of the Russian state toward Indigenous territorial rights differ markedly from those of other Circumpolar countries, less appreciated are the ways in which these vary across space within Russia. We assert that the spatial informs the legal, documenting several illustrative approaches that regions have taken in legislating TTPs. In doing so, we demonstrate how a federal law initiative is interpreted and reimagined in place, giving rise to the potential for substantively different spatial outcomes for Indigenous persons and peoples seeking to actualize their rights to territory.
Statsvitenskap og evolusjonspsykologi: På tide å inkludere studiet av menneskets biologiske natur?
In: Norsk statsvitenskapelig tidsskrift, Band 23, Heft 1, S. 54-75
ISSN: 1504-2936
Caught between Traditional Ways of Life and Economic Development: Interactions between Indigenous Peoples and an Oil Company in Numto Nature Park
In: Arctic review on law and politics, Band 10, S. 56-78
ISSN: 2387-4562
The paper examines the conflict between indigenous people living in Numto Nature Park in the Khanty-Mansy region of Russia and the oil company Surgutneftegaz, which is trying to expand to new areas of the Park for industrial development. We analyse this conflict by looking at different perceptions concerning the threats and benefits underpinning the conflicting parties' arguments. We show that the oil company, whose approach is based on the principles of benefit sharing, seeks to provide economic benefits as well as infrastructure to ensure development in the indigenous community. In contrast, the indigenous people in Numto prioritise environmental safety and the possibility of maintaining their traditional ways of life, which means eliminating the negative impacts of oil development on fisheries, reindeer herding and the general state of the environment. The study indicates that focusing on indigenous peoples' and oil companies' differences concerning perceptions of threats and benefits provides a better understanding of desirable benefit-sharing arrangements between oil companies and indigenous peoples in areas that have so far only been marginally affected by industrialisation and modernisation. This insight suggests that the introduction of community-centred perspectives emphasising cultural and environmental security in benefit-sharing policies in oil companies could improve practices. The analysis draws on interviews with members of the indigenous Nenets and Khanty peoples of Numto Park as well as representatives of Surgutneftegaz, NGOs, the regional administration and the Numto Park administration
«Den mirakuløse venstre hånd» – Om Leonardo da Vinci og drømmen om en felles forståelse av mennesket og naturen
In: Nytt norsk tidsskrift, Band 28, Heft 2, S. 158-167
ISSN: 1504-3053
Governing Conflicts Between Mining and Tourism in the Arctic
In: Arctic review on law and politics, Band 9, S. 148-173
ISSN: 2387-4562
The Arctic is one of the largest regions on the globe, and is regarded as a vast storehouse of potential resources, including minerals. Both mining and tourism are rapidly growing economic sectors in the region. While the variety of tourism activities supported and offered is extensive, all of these activities are essentially forms of nature-based tourism.
Land-use conflicts between mining and tourism are likely to emerge when a new mine is opened close to a tourist area, because mining activities may dramatically change the landscape, which is essential for tourism. The impact greatly depends on the location of mining facilities, the physical size of the mining project, the mining processes used, logistics and how well the image of the mine and its end product fits in with the image of the tourist destination. While tourism and the mining industry may benefit from each other, the relationship between a mine and tourism is often asymmetrically counterproductive; where such a relationship exists, a need for regulation arises.
In this article, we assess the legal means available for resolving conflicts between the mining and tourism industries and discuss possibilities to improve these means. The two key regulatory instruments for governing such conflicts are land-use planning and mining permit processes. We illustrate the nature of conflicts and various decision-making procedures with reference to the Finnish legal framework and a case study on an ongoing mining project in the town of Kolari.
Kommentarer til Stortingsmeldingen "Interesser, ansvar og muligheter: Hovedlinjer i norsk utenrikspolitikk"
In: Internasjonal politikk, Band 67, Heft 3, S. 517-537
ISSN: 0020-577X
Ten experts representing universities, newspapers and institutions provide their short comments on the Norwegian Parliament's address (2008-2009) regarding current and future foreign policy developments. Some of the given comments are general in nature whereas others target a particular part of the document such as immigration and Nordic co-operation. The general comments describe the address as predictable, status conforming and stable, but criticisms are given for downplaying the importance of the European Union. However, a commentator points out that this document still remains the most important source for understanding Norwegian foreign policy since it explains Norway's security policy, foreign policy goals and role in international organizations. L. Pitkaniemi