Suchergebnisse

Several emerging economies have, until recently, experienced large government surpluses and accelerating foreign exchange reserve accumulation. This has been accompanied by economic booms, exchange rate appreciations and in some cases increases in domestic inflation. We show that one way to understand these episodes is as manifestations of balance of payments anti-crises, as reflecting the perception that the government intends to discontinue its accumulation of reserves in the near future. The end-phase of such crises is characterized by nominal interest rates approaching their zero lower bou

In sum, by showing how and why local regional disputes quickly develop into global crises through the paired power of historical memory and time-space compression, 'Near Abroad' reshapes our understanding of the current conflict raging in the centre of the Eurasian landmass and international politics as a whole.

1. Chapter 1: A historian's introduction to paleoclimatology -- Chapter 2: A hard row to hoe. Climate change from the crop perspective -- Chapter 3: Who follows the elephant will have problems. Thought on modelling Roman responses to climate (changes) -- Chapter 4: Famines, demographic crises and climate in Italy, 1650-1913 -- Chapter 5: Collapse and resilience in prehistoric archaeology: Questioning concepts and causalities in models of climate-induced societal transformations -- Chapter 6: Climate, state building and political change in Egypt during the Early Bronze Age: a direct relation? -- Chapter 7: Vulnerability to climate change in Late Bronze Age Peloponnese (Greece) -- Chapter 8: Saving up for a rainy day? Climate events, human-induced processes, and their potential effects on people's coping strategies in the Mycenaean Argive Plain, Greece -- Chapter 9: Peloponnesian land-use dynamics and climate variability in the first millennium BCE -- Chapter 10: Volcanic eruptions, veiled Suns, and Nile failure in Egyptian history: Integrating hydroclimate into understandings of historical change -- Chapter 11: The environmental imperialism of the Roman Empire in northwestern Europe -- Chapter 12: Seasonal drought on Roman rivers: transport vs. irrigation -- Chapter 13: The Antonine crisis: Climate change as a potential trigger for epidemiological and economic turmoil -- Chapter 14: Climate change and the productive landscape in the Mediterranean region in the Roman period -- Chapter 15: Viticulture as a climate proxy for the Roman world? Global warming as a comparative framework for interpreting the ancient source material in Italy and the West (ca. 200 BC–AD 200) -- Chapter 16: Risks for farming families in the Roman World -- Chapter 17: Figures in an imperial landscape. Ecological and societal factors on settlement patterns and agriculture in Roman Italy -- Chapter 18: Hydrological changes in Late Antiquity: spatio-temporal characteristics and socio-economic impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean -- Chapter 19: Resilience and adaptation at the end of Antiquity. An evaluation of the impact of climate change in Late Roman western-central Anatolia -- Chapter 20: The social metabolism of past societies. A new approach to environmental changes and societal responses in the territory of Sagalassos (Turkey).

In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crunch, a pending era of budgetary austerity looms over Canada. 'Canadian Public Budgeting in the Age of Crises' provides a roadmap through the difficult fiscal decisions that have characterized contemporary federal politics across four decades.The authors provide an accessible and comprehensive overview of the constraints that have affected budgetary outcomes in the recent past and that will affect the near future, with analysis spanning micro, macro, social, environmental, and intergenerational domains. They examine the current Harper government's Conservative era, but also look at public budgeting under Chrétien, Mulroney, and Trudeau. Set in the crucial context of macroeconomic policy shifts and in a global comparative context, 'Canadian Public Budgeting in the Age of Crises' broadens and deepens our understanding of government spending, borrowing, and taxing. Budgetary domains - complex realms of fiscal content, choice, and governance - are introduced and balanced against an analysis of these domains with pertinent and up-to-date discussions on institutional influences, dominant actors, and shifting power imbalances.

15,000 Years of Climate Change in MENA : Big History, Big Questions -- Climate Change from the Younger Dryas to the Little Ice Age -- The Origins of Agriculture, Drought, and Ancient Empires -- Drought and Political-Economic Transformations in the Ancient Near East -- Cooling, Water Scarcity, and Societal Crises in Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt -- Environmental Fragility in MENA from Late Antiquity to Early Modern Eras -- Global Warming in MENA Today and In the Coming Decades -- Climate Wars -- Canaries in the Coal Mine? -- Water, Food, and Adaptation -- The End of MENA?

In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crunch, a pending era of budgetary austerity looms over Canada. Canadian Public Budgeting in the Age of Crises provides a roadmap through the difficult fiscal decisions that have characterized contemporary federal politics across four decades. The authors provide an accessible and comprehensive overview of the constraints that have affected budgetary outcomes in the recent past and that will affect the near future, with analysis spanning micro, macro, social, environmental, and intergenerational domains. They examine the current Harper government's Conservative era, but also look at public budgeting under Chrétien, Mulroney, and Trudeau. Set in the crucial context of macroeconomic policy shifts and in a global comparative context, Canadian Public Budgeting in the Age of Crises broadens and deepens our understanding of government spending, borrowing, and taxing. Budgetary domains - complex realms of fiscal content, choice, and governance - are introduced and balanced against an analysis of these domains with pertinent and up-to-date discussions on institutional influences, dominant actors, and shifting power imbalances

Chapitre 4 : Crise et évolutions : La Babylonie sous les Diadoques (323-305); Partie II. Le IIIe s. séleucide ou la constitution d'un nouvel empire oriental? (305-187); Introduction; Chapitre 5 : Les Séleucides et le territoire babylonien; Chapitre 6 : L'économie séleucide en Basse-Mésopotamie; Partie III. L'économie des sanctuaires suméro-akkadiens (IIIe s. av. J.-C.); Introduction; Chapitre 7 : Les sanctuaires et l'économie du culte; Chapitre 8 : Le système prébendaire à l'époque hellénistique : le cas urukéen.

Malgré l'intérêt porté par les hellénistes et les assyriologues à l'histoire économique de la Basse Mésopotamie durant les deux siècles de domination macédonienne (331-129 av. J.-C.), on ne peut que constater l'absence d'étude systématique sur le sujet. Les sources, pourtant, ne manquent pas : on compte en effet plusieurs milliers de tablettes cunéiformes pour cette période, auxquelles viennent s'ajouter plus de 25 000 sceaux inscrits en grec, le témoignage des auteurs classiques, ainsi que les riches données numismatiques et archéologiques. Cet ouvrage propose pour la première fois une synthèse accessible de cette documentation, à travers une étude d'histoire régionale prenant en compte l'ensemble des sources disponibles et le poids des héritages mésopotamiens. Le lecteur y trouvera non seulement des points de synthèse commodes sur des dossiers complexes (impact du règne d'Alexandre, politique séleucide dans la région, évolution des prix, développement des activités bancaires etc.) mais aussi des études nouvelles (effets de la « crise » des Diadoques, introduction du monnayage compté, évolution du système prébendaire, disparition des sanctuaires traditionnels etc.) qui jettent un jour nouveau sur l'économie de l'une des régions les plus richement documentées du monde hellénistique.

Examines how the Celtic Tiger, an economy that was hailed as one of the most successful in history, fell into a macroeconomic abyss necessitating an unheard of bail-out. It covers property market bubbles, regulatory incompetency, and disastrous economic policies. A highly readable account of the unprecedented near collapse of the Irish economy.

India-Pakistan : a history of wars and conflicts --The doables : Sir Creek and Siachen Disputes -- India-Pakistan relations : instability, crises and rapprochement (1983-98) -- Post nuclear environment : the Kargil Conflict (1999) -- Post 9/11 Environment: crises and rapprochement -- Role of nuclear deterrence in conflicts and crises -- Decolonization of the Kashmir issue : post Pulwama Eevironment -- Application of 'possibility-probability' (P2) model -- Fear wars and near peace : the way forward -- Conclusion.

Near or temporary abroad? -- Russia's foreign policy arsenal -- Retaining a union : Belarus and Kaliningrad -- Regaining a commonwealth : Ukraine and Moldova -- Blocking Western encroachment : the Baltic States -- Neutralizing the core : Central Europe -- Exploiting crises : Adriatic Balkans -- Exporting influence : Black Sea Balkans -- Looking ahead

A team of expert contributors analyze the near- and long-term implications of efforts by both the Obama and Bush administrations to fix the current financial crisis. They examine a range of issues affected by the proposed reforms, including health care, going green, the Employee Free Choice Act, an open world economy, and more.

Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Figures -- Tables -- Figures -- A. Introduction -- B. Recent Trends -- 1. Recent Trends in the Commodities Sector -- 1. Changes in Export Receipts -- 2. Export Destinations for Major Commodities -- C. Impact on Corporate Sector -- 2. Drivers of Revenues and Profits, 2008-13 -- 3. Exports, Revenues, and Profits by Sector -- 4. Debt Indicators for the Commodities Sectors -- D. Impact on Banking System -- 5. The Banking System and Commodities Sector -- E. Near- to Medium-Term Outlook for the Commodities Sector -- 6. Global Outlook -- The Impact of Major Commodities on the Corporate Sector and Banking System -- A. Introduction and Main Observations -- B. General Government Fiscal Position and Debt Sustainability -- 1. General Government Debt, 2008-2013 -- 1. Selected Emerging Market Economies: Public Debt Profile, 2014 -- 2. Contingent Liability Shock -- 3. Government Debt and Foreign Investors, 2009-14 -- 2. Central Government Operations, 2014-15 -- C. Nonfinancial State-Owned Enterprises -- 4. Assets of Nonfinancial SOEs, 2013 -- 5. Financial Indicators of Nonfinancial SOEs, 2009-13 -- D. Health and Pension Spending -- 6. Selected Emerging Market Economies: Public Health and Pension Spending, 2010-12 -- 7. Demographic Prospects and Public Health and Pension Spending, 2010-50 -- References -- Managing Fiscal Risks in Indonesia -- A. Introduction -- B. Characteristics of Banking System Liquidity in Indonesia -- 1. Banking System Liquid Assets and Concentration -- 2. Current and Saving Accounts, 2013 -- C. Recent Trends in Bank Liquidity Conditions -- 3. Loan Versus Deposit Growth -- 4. Contribution to Customer Deposit Growth -- 5. Selected ASEAN Countries: Loan-to-Deposit Ratios -- 6. Bank Indonesia's Liquidity Absorption by Instrument

A topical insider view of causes and consequences of financial crises since the Mexican collapse of 1995. The book includes a detailed exploration of recent and ongoing firestorms, including the near meltdown of the global financial system and the euro crisis, and suggests ways to save the international financial and monetary system