Suchergebnisse

The writer's imaginative craft is usually inspired and shaped by the environment s/he hails from. This in turn gives room for constant communication between the creative mind and the immediate physical social world; the environment becomes a determinant of the writer's experiences. The influence of the Urhobo oral tradition on the poetic corpus of Tanure Ojaide is remarkable. The poet's cultural background occupies a looming space in his choices of generic style. Close examination of Ojaide's poetry reveals the exploration and appropriation of the orature of the Urhobo people, which ranges from myth, folksongs, proverbs, riddles, indigenous rhythms to folktales. Ojaide deploys orature to criticize contemporary ills as well as to locate solutions for Nigeria's socio-economic problems. The aim of this essay is essentially to demonstrate that orality accounts for the distinctiveness of Ojaide's writing. Also interrogate is the mingling of the oral and written in Ojaide's art. This approach will, it is hoped, open up what has been a restricted economy, through the inscribing of orature as a cardinal and integral constituent of the poet's art.

The paper describes the practice of creating poetic texts on lects that possess a problemat­ic linguistic status. The author proposes using 'topolect' as a universal term for such entities, which allows them to be placed in a special category of language systems that occupy an in­termediate level between the standard and the rather homogeneous territorial dialects in a kind of multilingualism that is characterized by the distribution of functions between idioms. The analysis of the poetic tradition of topolects makes it possible to reveal some general pat­terns of text functioning for the texts on de facto normalized, but not subjected to strict standardization, semi-autonomous idioms. Different modes of correlating the oral and the written in these texts come in direct connection with the practice of recitation and other forms of the auditory existence of poetry. The introduction of new empirical material contributes to the reassessment of the problem of the oral and the written, since it demonstrates the non-equivalence of the oral and the spoken, and the written and the literary. The visually percepti­ble text in its written form is informatively not equivalent to the voiced version of the same text. Building relationships between 'visual speech' (in the form of a poetic text) and its sounding shows the evolution of topolect writing and metalanguage reflection of its authors.

Chapter 1. Introduction: Perspectives on African Oral Traditions and Folklore -- Part I. Contexts and Practicalities -- Chapter 2. Creativity and Performance in Oral Poetry -- Chapter 3. Concept and Components of Performance -- Chapter 4. The Role of the Audience in Oral Performance -- Chapter 5. Orality, History, and Historical Reconstruction -- Chapter 6. Insights from Festivals and Carnivals -- Chapter 7. Fieldwork and Data Collection -- Chapter 8. Documenting Oral Genres -- Chapter 9. Retrospect and Prospects of Oral Tradition and Folklore -- Part II. Themes, Tropes and Types. Chapter 10. Epic Tradition -- Chapter 11. Divination and Divinatory Systems -- Chapter 12. Myth and Mythology -- Chapter 13. The Dirge -- Chapter 14. Dreams within the Context of the Basotho Culture -- Chapter 15. Drum Language and Literature -- Chapter 16. Oratory and Rhetoric: Praise Poetry -- Chapter 17. Proverbs, Naming, and other Forms of Veiled Speech -- Chapter 18. Oral Poetry: Monyoncho's Orature and AbaGusii Culture of Non-violence -- Chapter 19. Ifá: A Womanist Deconstruction of Gender Politics -- Chapter 20. A Repertoire of Bukusu Nonverbal Communicative System: Some Gender Differences, etc.

The place and function of Oral poetry in contemporary Quebec as well as the narrow relationship between poetic expression and political commitment are the key issues underlying this doctoral thesis. The Nuits de la poésie are an outstanding observatory of specificities and evolutions of poetry life in Quebec over the last forty years. The first edition in 1970 stands out as the birth of an authentic tradition which establishes a close link between the Oral, the poetic public expression and the statement of national existence.The first part of this thesis presents the conditions of the emergence of this seminal event and studies the historical, linguistics and political context, which saw the birth of a specifically Quebec culture. The second part is devoted to the first edition of the Nuit de la poésie. It focuses on practical and theoretical issues related to the analysis of the document film, the only witness of this edition. It also focuses on the issues related to the registration of oral performance on a mechanical support as well on printed books. The third part examines the repetition of the event. It then analyses continuity and thematic and aesthetic evolutions in Quebec poetry from 1980 to 2010 and even more contemporary and globalized manifestations as those of slam poetry.Through the four several editions of the Nuits de la poésie and of extending events, emerges the face of a country that is particularly linked to poetic word and practice. The 1970s are those of defense and illustration of the literary and poetic Quebec. The 1980s saw the advent of female voices and the beginning of an aesthetic diversification, while the 1990s point out the emergence of an identity more open to migrant cultures. The non-repetition of the event in 2000 is less a sign of a slowdown than a result of the development of poetic genre in Quebec and its dissemination on a wider scale for wider audiences. Concerning the edition of 2010, it is presented as a tribute to the national practice of poetry and illustrates the ...

The place and function of Oral poetry in contemporary Quebec as well as the narrow relationship between poetic expression and political commitment are the key issues underlying this doctoral thesis. The Nuits de la poésie are an outstanding observatory of specificities and evolutions of poetry life in Quebec over the last forty years. The first edition in 1970 stands out as the birth of an authentic tradition which establishes a close link between the Oral, the poetic public expression and the statement of national existence.The first part of this thesis presents the conditions of the emergence of this seminal event and studies the historical, linguistics and political context, which saw the birth of a specifically Quebec culture. The second part is devoted to the first edition of the Nuit de la poésie. It focuses on practical and theoretical issues related to the analysis of the document film, the only witness of this edition. It also focuses on the issues related to the registration of oral performance on a mechanical support as well on printed books. The third part examines the repetition of the event. It then analyses continuity and thematic and aesthetic evolutions in Quebec poetry from 1980 to 2010 and even more contemporary and globalized manifestations as those of slam poetry.Through the four several editions of the Nuits de la poésie and of extending events, emerges the face of a country that is particularly linked to poetic word and practice. The 1970s are those of defense and illustration of the literary and poetic Quebec. The 1980s saw the advent of female voices and the beginning of an aesthetic diversification, while the 1990s point out the emergence of an identity more open to migrant cultures. The non-repetition of the event in 2000 is less a sign of a slowdown than a result of the development of poetic genre in Quebec and its dissemination on a wider scale for wider audiences. Concerning the edition of 2010, it is presented as a tribute to the national practice of poetry and illustrates the extreme vitality and importance of poetry in Quebec society. ; La place de l'oralité dans le patrimoine québécois et la particularité du lien qui unit expression poétique et revendication politique dans le Québec contemporain constituent les questions essentielles qui sous-tendent ce travail. Les Nuits de la poésie offrent un remarquable observatoire de la place, des spécificités et des évolutions de la poésie vivante au Québec au cours des quarante dernières années. La première édition en 1970 s'est affirmée comme l'acte de naissance d'une authentique tradition établissant un lien étroit entre oralité, expression poétique et affirmation politique et nationale.La première partie de cette thèse présente et analyse les conditions d'émergence de cet événement fondateur à partir de l'étude du contexte historique, politique et linguistique qui a vu la naissance d'une culture spécifiquement québécoise. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l'étude de la Nuit de la poésie 1970. Elle s'attache aux questions théoriques liées à l'analyse du document filmique, seul témoin de cette édition et support concret sur lequel s'appuie cette étude. Elle met également l'accent sur les questions formelles liées à l'inscription de l'oralité sur un support mécanique ou écrit. La troisième partie étudie la réitération de l'événement. Elle observe ensuite la continuité et les évolutions thématiques et esthétiques qu'a connues la poésie québécoise de 1980 à 2010 et jusqu'aux manifestations plus contemporaines et mondialisées que constituent les scènes de slam.Au gré des éditions de La Nuit de la poésie et des manifestations qui la prolongent, se dessine le visage d'un pays qui s'est particulièrement affirmé à travers la prise de parole poétique. Les années 1970 sont bien celles de la revendication et de l'illustration du fait littéraire et poétique québécois. Les années 1980 ont consacré l'avènement des voix féminines et le début d'une diversification des esthétiques poétiques alors que la décennie 1990 a vu l'émergence d'une identité plus métissée, plus ouverte au monde et faisant place à la parole des cultures migrantes. La non-réitération de l'événement en 2000 est moins le signe d'un essoufflement que la conséquence de l'essor du genre poétique au Québec et de sa diffusion sur une plus vaste échelle et face à des publics élargis. Quant à l'édition de 2010, elle se présente comme un hommage à cette pratique publique de la poésie et illustre son extrême vitalité et son importance dans la société québécoise.

This collection of thirteen chapters answers new questions about rhyme, with views from folklore, ethnopoetics, the history of literature, literary criticism and music criticism, psychology and linguistics. The book examines rhyme as practiced or as understood in English, Old English and Old Norse, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and Karelian, Estonian, Medieval Latin, Arabic, and the Central Australian language Kaytetye. Some authors examine written poetry, including modernist poetry, and others focus on various kinds of sung poetry, including rap, which now has a pioneering role in taking rhyme into new traditions. Some authors consider the relation of rhyme to other types of form, notably alliteration. An introductory chapter discusses approaches to rhyme, and ends with a list of languages whose literatures or song traditions are known to have rhyme.

This is a study in oral poetic composition. It examines how oral poets compose their recitations. Specifically, it is a study of the recitations of 17 separate master poets from the Island of Rote recorded over a period of 50 years. Each of these poets offers his version of what is culturally considered to be the 'same' ritual chant. These compositions are examined in detail and their oral formulae are carefully compared to one another. Professor James J. Fox is an anthropologist who carried out his doctoral field research on the Island of Rote in eastern Indonesia in 1965–66. In 1965, he began recording the oral traditions of the island and developed a close association with numerous oral poets on the island. After many subsequent visits, in 2006, he began a nine-year project that brought groups of oral poets to Bali for week-long recording sessions. Recitations gathered over a period of 50 years are the basis for this book.

This wide-ranging study of language and cultural change in fourteenth-century England argues that the influence of oral tradition is much more important to the advance of literacy than previously supposed. In contrast to the view of orality and literacy as opposing forces, the book maintains that the power of language consists in displacement, the capacity of one channel of language to take the place of the other, to make the source disappear into the copy. Appreciating the interplay between oral and written language makes possible for the first time a way of understanding the high literate ac