Suchergebnisse
Filter
Per una scuola costituente: la sfida dell'educazione interculturale e i progetti del MPI
In: L'uomo e la società 133
El seguimiento de la implementación de los Acuerdos de La Habana por las Organizaciones regionales: la OEA y la OEI
[The monitoring of the implementation of the Havana Agreements by regional organizations: the OAS and the OEI] At the end of 2016, the Government of Colombia and the FARC-EP managed to sign a Peace Agreement to end the longest armed conflict in Latin America, known as the Havana Agreements. However, the implementation phase of the Agreements is extremely fragile and the institutionalized international community plays a key role in the success of this procedure. The Peace Agreement assigned the regional organizations very specific functions in terms of monitoring the implementation of each of the six points agreed upon. This investigation analyzes the results obtained through the monitoring and accompaniment work of the Organization of American States –OAS- and the Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture –OEI- reflected in the official reports published in this regard.
BASE
Teaching and learning languages as an instrument of communication and knowledge of customes, traditions and values througout the world: an extract from European Union official documents in the field of education and some reflections on university language centres and the impact of new technology
The European Commission publishes documents containing proposals for Community actions in many different areas. Primarily they are documents addressed to interested parties – organizations and individuals, who are invited to participate in a process of consultation and debate. In some areas, such as education, they provide an impetus for subsequent legislation. These documents, sometimes, follow discussion papers published to launch a consultation process at European level. While discussion papers set out a range of ideas presented for public discussion and debate, document papers contain an official set of proposal in specific areas and are used as vehicles for Community development. The aim of this contribution is to identify through public official European documents some opportunities in the field of education, especially in combating social exclusion, and to assess how important . the teacher's work is in giving students confidence in learning languages. People often speak about "World Peace", but they often don't know how to start turning violence, war, terrorism in to peace actions. Promoting European ideas in the field of education is the first step to develop this aim. My opinion is that school and university must be closely associated in the operation of the EU supporting it with specific programmes.
BASE
Anna Julia Cooper: an Afroamerican Woman Between Pan-Africanism, Atlaticism and Orientalism ; Anna Julia Cooper: una donna nera tra atlantismo, panafricanismo e orientalismo
Anna Julia Copper's life can be considered as the epitome of a continuous sense of estrangement that was translated into intellectual and moral agency, into leadership in the field of education as a vehicle for social, economic, political freedom, into intense community work, and into major activism in black women's rights organizations. She experienced estrangement on several fronts: towards her condition as a black woman, ex-slave, and the subordinate role often reserved for Afro-American women even within the communities to which they belonged; towards her sense of citizenship in a Western country considered the bulwark of democracy, in which segregation and racial violence were a daily reality; against a nationalism from which she felt distant, as a convinced supporter of Pan-Africanism and a global black community. ; Anna Julia Copper's life can be considered as the epitome of a continuous sense of estrangement that was translated into intellectual and moral agency, into leadership in the field of education as a vehicle for social, economic, political freedom, into intense community work, and into major activism in black women's rights organizations. She experienced estrangement on several fronts: towards her condition as a black woman, ex-slave, and the subordinate role often reserved for Afro-American women even within the communities to which they belonged; towards her sense of citizenship in a Western country considered the bulwark of democracy, in which segregation and racial violence were a daily reality; against a nationalism from which she felt distant, as a convinced supporter of Pan-Africanism and a global black community.
BASE
Istruzione che cambia e istruzione da cambiare
In: Il mulino: rivista bimestrale di cultura e di politica, Band 47, Heft 4/378, S. 624-656
ISSN: 0027-3120
World Affairs Online
Covid-19 e didattica a distanza.Il caso Basilicata, una regione a rischio digital divide
This paper presents the implications that Covid-19 has had on educational systems as a result of the application of social distancing measures imposed on people by the governments of each individual country. The lockdown has accelerated digitalization but has also shown the internal weaknesses and fragilities of states. Distance learning (DAD) has been the response of schools to the suspension of lessons in order to guarantee students' right to education. The working paper explains what DAD is and also presents some data, collected by the major international and national organizations, on the level of digitization of the Italian school; it then explores digital education in Lucanian schools through the analysis of statistical sources and literature available and through the questionnaire administered in CAWI modality to a sample of teachers in Lucania. The field survey studies the current condition of infrastructures and the digital literacy of teachers, with a specific focus on the management of the emergency phase, in order to draw policy indications and useful ideas for a new programming stage that will be able to take advantage of all the new opportunities created within the pandemic. To conclude our argumentation, we outline some of the good practices present in Basilicata, which for several years now has been experimenting with special innovative educational activities that arise from forms of business social responsibility. Projects promoted by companies to support the innovation of the school system represent a strategic investment for market competitiveness and economic development. Ensuring quality, fair and inclusive education is the fourth goal of the UN Agenda 2030 and is a fundamental one for the welfare of both individuals and societies. Investing in education, in the medium and long term, will reduce inequalities and lead to the economic, cultural and social change that is necessary for the prosperity of people and the Planet and for the realization of new models of sustainable development.
BASE
Letteratura portoghese per l'infanzia e la gioventù. In Linee europee di letteratura per l'infanzia (1945-2010)
The chapter on children's literature in Portugal is organised in two parts. The first from 1945 to 1974 and the second from 1975 to 2011. The main reason for this organization is related to the social and cultural changes which have resulted from the policy change, caused by the revolution of April 25th, 1974, putting out the political regime of the "New State". The change from a totalitarian regime, which advocated the isolationism towards Europe, colonialism defender, for a democratic political regime, opening doors to decolonization, to censorship abolition and consequently opened doors to other ideologies and movements of literature from different parts. The children and youth education, the school and the editorial policy, among many other dimensions, reflected these ideological changes.
BASE
Il Suicidio di E. Durkheim. Storia, aspetti critici, attualità
Il tema del suicidio in Durkheim si colloca in un contesto ben più ampio di ricerca, che intende evidenziare il ruolo assunto dalla società nei comportamenti umani, entro uno specifico quadro storico , quello della Francia alle prese con la caduta del Secondo Impero, l'esperienza della Comune parigina, ma anche del grave turbamento generato nell'opinione pubblica dall'Affare Drayfus. Durkheim ritiene necessario un nuovo ordine sociale e quindi anche una nuova morale per la pressione delle cause interne alla società, a partire dall'indebolimento delle norme sociali. Così il suicidio diventa oggetto di un'indagine empirica affidata alla Sociologia, in quanto scienza autonoma che si occupa dei fatti sociali intesi come cose, esteriori e costrittivi. C'è necessità di norme perché gli individui, se sottratti a qualsiasi disciplina esterna, sarebbero in eterna lotta tra loro, essendo smisurati i loro desideri, che sono fonte di disgregazione dell'ordine, tanto da esigere la costrizione sociale. Il lavoro sul suicidio rimane il primo esempio di ricerca su basi statistiche nella storia della Sociologia, anche se le motivazioni addotte da Durkheim appaiono oggi insufficienti rispetto a quanto la Sociologia, integrata alle altre Scienze umane, ha determinato. Tuttavia egli resta un caposaldo della Sociologia per la sua capacità di trovare forti interdipendenze tra l'organizzazione del lavoro, l'educazione morale, i fatti sociali come fenomeni scientificamente studiati. Durkheim's suicide theme is set in a broader research context, which highlights the role of society in human behaviour. Historic context is specific: the collapse of the Second French Empire, the Paris Commune, the Dreyfus Affair, which upset public opinion deeply. Durkheim believes a new social order is needed as well as a new moral due to social pressure, which weakens social rules. Thus suicide becomes the object of sociological empirical research. Indeed, sociology is an independent science dealing with social facts, intended as things, exterior and constraining. If individuals are not governed by exterior rules, they will fight against themselves infinitely. Their unlimited desires may be disruptive: that is why social constraint is required. The work on suicide is the first example of a statistically based research in sociology history. Nowadays Durkheim's motives appear insufficient compared to everything sociology has achieved together with other human sciences. He nevertheless remains a cornerstone because he was able to find strong interdependence among job organization, moral education and social facts intended as scientific phenomena.
BASE
La personalizzazione come "risposta democratica" alla domanda di educazione rivolta alla scuola
The school is called to take responsibility of the social demand for education, trying to read the great educational and cultural challenges of the present time. An essential part of the educational role of the school, in democratic societies, is to promote the active participation of citizens and educate to democracy. The personalization of teaching is an essential strategy for achieving this goal, as eloquently put it in the international educational debate, both of authoritative organizations such as the OECD recommendations. The Italian pedagogical debate on the customization is very articulate and has crossed several seasons. We can consider the modular customization within a curriculum reform, a daring personalization, which really focuses on each student, until you get to positions with many nuances that characterize the logic of our days. It would be interesting to carry out the surveys on how teachers interpret concretely the idea of customization; some results in this direction were taken in a research project of the University of Padua.
BASE
Istruzione e finanza pubblica tra ordinamento nazionale ed europeo: reciproche connessioni, limitazioni e sfere invalicabili ; Education and public budjetary constraints in italian e European system: mutual connections, restriction and insurmuntable spaces
Dopo oltre un decennio di crisi globale, prima finanziaria, poi economica, il sistema del welfare è entrato in un periodo di rimeditazione. Da una fase di ricorso sfrenato all'indebitamento da parte degli Stati per alimentarlo si è passati ad una draconiana contrazione di spesa pubblica e riduzione del deficit. La prima parte della tesi ha lo scopo di delineare gli elementi essenziali alla base della relazione fondamentale tra sistema di istruzione e vincoli di finanza. A tale fine, si approfondisce il quadro teorico in materia di diritti sociali e di istruzione, sul piano nazionale ed europeo, da un lato; dall'altro, viene studiata la relazione tra diritto europeo e diritto nazionale, mediante la quale si è pervenuti all'attuale sistema di rigore sulla finanza pubblica. Infine, viene valutata la giurisprudenza costituzionale, chiamata ad armonizzare gli opposti valori costituzionali in gioco. La seconda parte della tesi ha l'obiettivo di descrivere gli elementi che connettono i termini della relazione descritti nella prima parte: organizzazione del sistema istruzione (attori) e competenze legislative stato/regioni in materia, da un lato; meccanismo di finanziamento all'istruzione, in generale e mediante il sistema dei fondi strutturali europei, dall'altro. Le finalità sono tre. La prima è quella di comprendere i rapporti tra nucleo essenziale del diritto all'istruzione e vincoli di finanza pubblica. La seconda è quella di definire un'identità europea all'istruzione. La terza è quella di determinare quali soluzioni possano rendere più efficiente l'investimento di spesa pubblica nel sistema istruzione. ; After last financial crisis, all States reconsidered their own welfare systems to get a debt brake. The firs part of the thesis has the purpose to describe the basic elements concerning the relationship between education system and budjetary constraints: from theoretical aspects of social and education rights in Italy and in Europe; to european hard law in monetary politics. Lastly, in this part of the thesis, we explored constitutional court sentences about harmonization between opposite values in italian Constitution relative to the described relationship. The second part of the thesis describes the elements that connect education system and budjetary constraints: education organization and financial mechanism. We pursue three objectives: first, to understand mutual restrictions and insurmuntable spaces between education and budjetary constraints; second, to recognize an european identity to education; third, to make more efficient public spending on education.
BASE
Citizenship itineraries at school. Economy and sustainability for a plural world ; Itinerari di cittadinanza a scuola. Economia e sostenibilità per un mondo plurale
Civic and citizenship education is the key process for giving young people and adults awareness of their position as citizens of the world, through a process of progressive humanization, and civilization (Margiotta, 2018). In order to promote the full development of the individual and the participation of all in the political, economic and social organization of their country (Guidelines L. 92/2019), economic education paths must be designed within the educational and civic function that school fulfils. Economic-financial inclusion is also one of the targets of the 2030 Agenda, which, in addition to promoting "Providing quality, equitable and inclusive education" (goal 4), emphasizes the role of economic knowledge and awareness being acquired from the earliest stages of life, including at school (Ferrata, 2018) in goal 8: "Encour-aging lasting, inclusive and sustainable economic growth .". This essay proposes an integrated reading of civic-economic education developed in accordance with the targets set out in the 2030 Agenda. ; L'educazione civica e alla cittadinanza è la base fondamentale per dare a giovani e adulti la consapevolezza di essere cittadini del mondo, attraverso il processo di progressiva umanizzazione, di civilisation (Margiotta, 2018). Al fine di promuovere il pieno sviluppo della persona e la partecipazione di tutti all'organizzazione politica, eco-nomica e sociale del Paese (Linee guida L. 92/2019), percorsi di educazione economica devono essere pensati all'interno della funzione educativa e civica che la scuola svolge. L'inclusione economico-finanziaria costituisce anche uno dei target per l'Agenda 2030, che oltre al goal 4 "Fornire un'educazione di qualità , equa ed inclusiva", nel goal 8 "Incentivare una crescita economica duratura, inclusiva e sostenibile." enfatizza il ruolo delle conoscenze economiche e della consapevolezza acquisita a partire dalle prime età della vita, anche a scuola. (Ferrata, 2018). In questo saggio si propone una lettura integrata dell'educazione civica-economica, ...
BASE
Biblioteche in Cina: uno sguardo ; Libraries in China: overview
During one century's development, libraries in China have overcome many difficulties, changed their focus and orientation, and built up a steady basis for future development. When entering the new century, they are changing and progressing at an ever-increasing speed. Facing both opportunities and challenges, they are seriously rethinking and redefining their roles, missions, and orientations in the information era. A user-oriented philosophy is replacing the traditional book-centered philosophy.Free, equal, and open spirit is spreading in the library field. While engaging in the state-of-the-art activities such as digital libraries, new services, information resource development and sharing, and library administration and reform, libraries in China are closely concerned with the unbalanced development of China and the enlarging digital divide. While playing an important role in the public education and in preserving the traditional culture, they are actively involved in the campaign of sustainable development and the improvement of economically underdeveloped areas. This paper is a general overview of the libraries in China, presenting the status quo and current trends. It first introduces the current organization and policy structure of the library system in China, with emphasis on the National Library of China, public library system, academic library system, and research library system, and points out some existing problems in the structure. It then talks about some of the recent trends in library services, including the employment of online shared cataloging and online public access catalog, the tradition of and current focus on user education and instruction, the emerging interest in reference services especially cooperative digital reference services, and the developing document delivery and inter-library loan services. As in other countries, new technologies and the Internet have a great impact on the librarianship in China.In Section 4, some major digital library projects are introduced, including China National Digital Library Project (CNDL), Chinese National Science Digital Library (CSDL), Tsinghua University Architecture Digital Library (THADL), and Chinese Digital Library Standards (CDLS). Some existing problems in the development of digital libraries are discussed; for example, most of the digital library projects in China are still in the rudimental stage of simply digitizing library materials, rather than more complicated digital services. The next section talks about the digital divide in China and the resource sharing efforts of libraries. China Academic Library and Information System (CALIS) is the major project in the academic library system, and National Science and Technology Library (NSTL) is a digital library engaging in information sharing in the research sector. Information sharing projects in the public library system are mostly sponsored by the government, including but not limited to the nation-wide project of "Send Books to the Countryside" and the "Mobile Libraries" project in Guangdong province. The Shanghai Information Resources Network is a case of cross-sector information sharing projects, and the conferences of Chinese Resources Cooperation and Development are the international endeavor in sharing Chinese information resources and preserving Chinese culture. Library legislation and library education are briefly discussed towards the end of the paper. A unified library law of China is still an important issue under development, and requires the efforts and cooperation from both within and outside the library profession.Library education in China is a comprehensive system with undergraduate education as the basic means of training professional librarians and in-service training as an important complement. The graduate education also grows fast in recent years in response to the demands of high quality librarians. ; During one century's development, libraries in China have overcome many difficulties, changed their focus and orientation, and built up a steady basis for future development. When entering the new century, they are changing and progressing at an ever-increasing speed. Facing both opportunities and challenges, they are seriously rethinking and redefining their roles, missions, and orientations in the information era. A user-oriented philosophy is replacing the traditional book-centered philosophy.Free, equal, and open spirit is spreading in the library field. While engaging in the state-of-the-art activities such as digital libraries, new services, information resource development and sharing, and library administration and reform, libraries in China are closely concerned with the unbalanced development of China and the enlarging digital divide. While playing an important role in the public education and in preserving the traditional culture, they are actively involved in the campaign of sustainable development and the improvement of economically underdeveloped areas. This paper is a general overview of the libraries in China, presenting the status quo and current trends. It first introduces the current organization and policy structure of the library system in China, with emphasis on the National Library of China, public library system, academic library system, and research library system, and points out some existing problems in the structure. It then talks about some of the recent trends in library services, including the employment of online shared cataloging and online public access catalog, the tradition of and current focus on user education and instruction, the emerging interest in reference services especially cooperative digital reference services, and the developing document delivery and inter-library loan services. As in other countries, new technologies and the Internet have a great impact on the librarianship in China.In Section 4, some major digital library projects are introduced, including China National Digital Library Project (CNDL), Chinese National Science Digital Library (CSDL), Tsinghua University Architecture Digital Library (THADL), and Chinese Digital Library Standards (CDLS). Some existing problems in the development of digital libraries are discussed; for example, most of the digital library projects in China are still in the rudimental stage of simply digitizing library materials, rather than more complicated digital services. The next section talks about the digital divide in China and the resource sharing efforts of libraries. China Academic Library and Information System (CALIS) is the major project in the academic library system, and National Science and Technology Library (NSTL) is a digital library engaging in information sharing in the research sector. Information sharing projects in the public library system are mostly sponsored by the government, including but not limited to the nation-wide project of "Send Books to the Countryside" and the "Mobile Libraries" project in Guangdong province. The Shanghai Information Resources Network is a case of cross-sector information sharing projects, and the conferences of Chinese Resources Cooperation and Development are the international endeavor in sharing Chinese information resources and preserving Chinese culture. Library legislation and library education are briefly discussed towards the end of the paper. A unified library law of China is still an important issue under development, and requires the efforts and cooperation from both within and outside the library profession.Library education in China is a comprehensive system with undergraduate education as the basic means of training professional librarians and in-service training as an important complement. The graduate education also grows fast in recent years in response to the demands of high quality librarians.
BASE
"Skills certification" Their significance for teachers' didactic action ; La certificazione delle competenze Implicazioni sull'azione didattica dell'insegnante
The theme of "skills certification" is nowadays becoming part of EU State's policies for education, training and employment – as long as they realize the Lisbon strategy, hence creating policies which aim at renew many systems, including the educational one. Such a "model" of innovation opposes Italian school system with an unavoidable change. This is so not only because it is required by EU but also because the school has to take hold again of its publicfunctions – having been lost the latter due to a decrease in skills and quality.Here emerges the need for a re-definition and the re-activation of a secondary education system which could be able to integrate a wide range of opportunities given by the contemporary formal and informal ways of learning.Only by doing this, the education system will be able to satisfy EU's "invitation": that of creating new formative systems. Hence, the role of the teacher gains a fundamental character within the new path of education.The purpose of my contribution is that of addressing the implications that "skill certification," and its consequent definition of integrated school system, has on professional teachers involved in the organization of teaching and learning processes. ; Il tema della "certificazione delle competenze" sta entrando a pieno titolo nelle politiche educative, formative ed occupazionali di tutti gli Stati membri dell'Unione Europea in attuazione della strategia di Lisbona con conseguente messa a punto di policy tese ad innovare interi sistemi compreso quello scolastico. Questo "modello" di innovazione pone pertanto il sistema scolastico italiano di fronte ad un cambiamento dal quale non si potrà più tornare indietro, non tanto perché ce lo chiede l'Europa bensì perché la scuola deve non solo riappropriarsi delle proprie funzioni istituzionali che sta lentamente, ma inesorabilmente, perdendo dequalificandosi, ma soprattutto perché vi è la necessità e l'urgenza di definire e rendere operativo un sistema di formazione secondaria che integri al suo interno tutta ...
BASE
"La Biblioteca di Babele". Risorse intangibili e reti di pratiche nelle organizzazioni ad alta intensità di conoscenza
In: http://hdl.handle.net/11573/916986
open ; La tesi riporta gli esiti della ricerca condotta nell'ambito del dottorato in "Sistemi Sociali, Organizzazione e Analisi delle Politiche Pubbliche" ed ha per obiettivo lo studio di come un´organizzazione ad alta intensità di conoscenza produce, sedimenta, utilizza, condivide, e rende disponibili le informazioni e le conoscenze che le sono necessarie. La ricerca si propone di studiare il tema attingendo al contributo di alcuni filoni di studio che negli ultimi anni hanno visto autori di estrazione teorica diversa osservare la conoscenza attraverso diverse "lenti teoriche", così come definite in alcuni recenti interventi di ricostruzione di tali approcci (Nicolini 2009; Gherardi 2009b; Gherardi, Corradi, Verzelloni 2010). In particolare, gli approcci utilizzati sono di due tipi: da una parte quello che deriva dall'economia della conoscenza che concettualizza la conoscenza come risorsa (in cui, tra gli altri, si annoverano i lavori di autori quali Foray, Rullani, Drucker, Edvinsson, Stewart, Sanchez, nonché alcuni studi e ricerche promossi dalla Commissione Europea), dall'altra quello che proviene dagli studi sulla conoscenza come pratica e sulle pratiche di apprendimento situate nelle organizzazioni (in cui si sono cimentati, tra gli altri, autori quali Gherardi, Nicolini, Schatzki, Suchman, Hutchins, Lave, Wenger, Latour, etc). Nel lavoro viene indagata sia la conoscenza intesa come asset delle organizzazioni che può essere reso tangibile, codificato e utilizzato, secondo il primo approccio che partendo dal knowledge management arriva all'accounting degli asset intangibili e del capitale intellettuale; sia la conoscenza come processo, secondo l'ampio approccio che è possibile ricondurre alla categoria dei Practice Based Studies che intende la conoscenza come qualcosa che, oltre a essere in parte razionalizzabile e cristallizzabile in strutture, oggetti e dati, è conoscenza personale dei soggetti (Polanyi, 1966), inscindibile da essi, esito mutevole della loro partecipazione e interazione nelle pratiche. ...
BASE