India as a Source of Outward Foreign Direct Investment
In: Oxford development studies, Band 38, Heft 4, S. 497-518
ISSN: 1469-9966
In: Oxford development studies, Band 38, Heft 4, S. 497-518
ISSN: 1469-9966
In: Asian Business & Management, Band 12, Heft 5, S. 525-537
SSRN
In: Journal of International Business Studies 38(4): 499-518.
SSRN
In: Journal of institutional and theoretical economics: JITE, Band 168, Heft 2, S. 266
ISSN: 1614-0559
In: Journal of International Business Studies, Band 39, Heft 3, S. 337-350
SSRN
In: China: CIJ ; an international journal, Band 10, Heft 1, S. 51-61
ISSN: 0219-7472
Since 2000, China's outward foreign direct investment has grown rapidly due to the government strongly encouraging Chinese enterprises to "go global". Thus far, the bulk of the investment has gone into the primary and tertiary sectors, with relatively little going into manufacturing. Most investments are concentrated in Asia, but they are now spreading throughout the world. Much of it passes through tax havens. The government has been slow to tackle administrative obstacles facing Chinese companies wishing to invest abroad. However, the global financial crisis has presented opportunities for Chinese multinationals to raise their stake in the world economy. (CIJ/GIGA)
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of international economic law, S. jgv045
ISSN: 1464-3758
In: China Economic Journal, 7(1), 141-163
SSRN
In: Südostasien aktuell : journal of current Southeast Asian affairs, Band 26, Heft 5, S. 44-72
Although Malaysia is well known as a host economy, there is little research on its investment abroad even though this has been steadily increasing over time. Using a case study approach based on Dunning's OLI framework, seven firms are studied in order to understand their motivations to invest abroad as well as home and host country policies that have facilitated or hindered their investments. The main motivations for these firms to invest abroad are quite varied, ranging from the low labor cost advantage in the host country, saturation of the domestic Malaysian market, as well as the need to enhance their export-competitiveness in third-country markets and to exploit the domestic market potential in other countries. The main home country policy that has benefited the companies in their overseas investment is the full tax exemption on income earned overseas. Host country policies such as tax incentives, while attractive, are not considered to be critical in their investment decisions. Equity constraints are also not considered as obstacles.
In: https://doi.org/10.7916/D89C732D
China has become the world's third largest outward investor, behind the United States and Japan. A growing body of literature suggests that China's regulatory framework for outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) is a determinant of the country's rising OFDI. This paper presents a holistic review of that framework, including some possibilities for its improvement. Overall, China's framework serves two objectives: to help Chinese firms become more competitive internationally and to assist the country in its development effort. In pursuing these objectives, the regulatory framework has moved from restricting, to facilitating, to supporting, to encouraging OFDI; but there are still strong elements of administrative control that make it cumbersome. State-owned enterprises (SOEs) seem to benefit particularly from the current framework when internationalizing through FDI.
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In: IMF Working Paper No. 13/52
SSRN
In: Südostasien aktuell: journal of current Southeast Asian affairs, Band 26, Heft 5, S. 44-72
ISSN: 0722-8821
Although Malaysia is well known as a host economy, there is little research on its investment abroad even though this has been steadily increasing over time. Using a case study approach based on Dunning's OLI framework, seven firms are studied in order to understand their motivations to invest abroad as well as home & host country policies that have facilitated or hindered their investments. The main motivations for these firms to invest abroad are quite varied, ranging from the low labor cost advantage in the host country, saturation of the domestic Malaysian market, as well as the need to enhance their export-competitiveness in third-country markets & to exploit the domestic market potential in other countries. The main home country policy that has benefited the companies in their overseas investment is the full tax exemption on income earned overseas. Host country policies such as tax incentives, while attractive, are not considered to be critical in their investment decisions. Equity constraints are also not considered as obstacles. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.
In: IMF Working Paper, 13/52
World Affairs Online
In: Canadian public policy: Analyse de politiques, Band 43, Heft S2, S. S72-S87
ISSN: 1911-9917
As one of the world's major exporters, China has witnessed a substantial increase in its outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). This article examines the effects of export-driven factors on China's OFDI through export-supporting and export platform. On the basis of 2003–2010 panel data from 144 countries and regions, including Canada, we find a strong effect of rising exports on China's OFDI. In addition, the export platform is an important part of China's OFDI, and this trend has strengthened in recent years. Moreover, markets of neighbouring host countries do not have a significant effect on the OFDI. China's OFDI has an obvious agglomeration effect in the host countries, particularly in high-income countries. The empirical results suggest that China should pay attention to the dual effects of its export-supporting and export platform on OFDI. The government should guide enterprises to implement a mixed international trade and investment strategy and build a platform of networking investment to protect firms' overseas investments.
They are barely visible on the global scene. But it is in part so because official statistics have difficulties in reflecting their real size. They are nevertheless gaining in importance, representing a challenge for those who want to understand why and how they expand. Analysts are at the beginning of their quest for explaining how transnational corporations from economies in transition fit into a new zoology of international business, in which there is space for many more species than previously believed. Policy makers in economies in transition, too, are trying to grasp with the dilemma that outward FDI presents for them: on the one hand, it strengthens the international competitiveness of the firms; on the other, it is an outflow of resources. On balance, some of the countries in transition, e.g. Hungary and Slovenia, have decided to promote outward FDI. ; Auf globaler Ebene sind sie kaum zu sehen. Zum Teil liegt es daran, dass es schwierig ist, sie in offiziellen Statistiken zu erfassen. Dennoch werden sie immer wichtiger und stellen eine Herausforderung für jene dar, die danach fragen, wie und weshalb sie expandieren. Analysten stehen erst am Anfang der Aufgabe, transnationale Gesellschaften aus Übergangsländern hinreichend zu definieren und einzuordnen. Politiker in Übergangsökonomien versuchen ebenfalls das Dilemma, das ausländische Direktinvestitionen (FDI) mit sich bringen, zu begreifen: Auf der einen Seite stärken sie die internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Firmen, auf der anderen Seite stellen sie einen Abgang von Ressourcen dar. Nichtsdestotrotz haben sich einige Übergangsländer wie Ungarn und Slowenien dazu entschlossen, FDI zu fördern.
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