Suchergebnisse

Despite the massive scale of voucher privatization, there still remain a substantial number of companies in which the state is involved. Residual state property is quantified from the point of ownership & ownership rights that enable control over the assets of privatized companies. By the beginning of 1999, the state was able to control 76% of assets of the companies in the portfolio of the National Property Fund. This means that the state controls quite a significant part of the Czech economy & interferes with the concept of property rights. The results thus question the achievement of voucher privatization. There exists a clear consensus that further privatization of residual state property is both necessary & inevitable for further economic growth. 3 Tables, 5 Charts, 7 References. Adapted from the source document.

The article attempts to interpret changes in the character of communication strategies applied in election competitions during the 20th century. The most important change seems to be shift from cleavage-based to issue-based communication in election campaigns. Such a shift can be interpreted as the result of modernization process (individualizing) & the growing rationality of both factions: voters tend to support specific political parties expecting certain benefits, whereas political parties tend to emphasize those issues which can satisfy voters' demand. Over time, particular issues can, on the basis of successfully executed policies, be "transferred" into the ownership of specific political parties. When the communicated issue is salient, the issue ownership can bring advantages in polling. This brings a new dimension to party competition: Now parties have to compete with other agenda setters for (issue) dominance in the public, media & political spheres. Adapted from the source document.

A phenomenon of globalization of world economy leads to diminishing of the borders between states. There is an important role of international trade in this process, which appears in much more heterogeneous forms than in the past. While the classical theory of foreign trade basically assumed commodity trade with the final products, due to fragmentation of production chains the major part of trade is performed with intermediate goods and also the trade in services becomes more and more dynamic. Increasing volume of the trade between countries is carried out without changing the ownership of traded goods, and vice versa -- changing the ownership of goods without crossing the border of the country. There is important role of multinational enterprises, which are currently behind most of the economic operations. The major implication of these phenomena is increasingly difficult possibility to capture the statistical data correctly and therefore to obtain objective data on the behaviour of the economy for analytical purposes and economic policy. Adapted from the source document.